"疑う" meaning in Japonais

See 疑う in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: \ɯ.ta.ɡa.ɯ\
Forms: うたがう [hiragana], utagau [transcription], 疑う, 疑わ, 疑い, 疑う, 疑う, 疑え, 疑え, 疑って, 疑います, 疑いません, 疑う [neuter], 疑わない [neuter], 疑いました [past], 疑いませんでした [past], 疑った [past, neuter], 疑わなかった [past, neuter], 疑うと, 疑ったら, 疑えば, 疑うなら, 疑え [imperative], 疑うな [imperative], 疑いなさい [imperative], 疑いなさるな [imperative], 疑ってください [imperative], 疑わないでください [imperative], 疑いながら [gerund], 疑っている, 疑ったり, 疑って [neuter], 疑いましょう, 疑おう [neuter], 疑いたい, 疑われる, 疑わせる, 疑える
  1. Douter.
    Sense id: fr-疑う-ja-verb-JcUNwiSx
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 懐疑する Derived forms: 疑い, 疑わしい Related terms: 疑問

Download JSONL data for 疑う meaning in Japonais (8.1kB)

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes en japonais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes godan en japonais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes transitifs en japonais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Japonais",
      "orig": "japonais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "疑い"
    },
    {
      "word": "疑わしい"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "うたがう",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utagau",
      "tags": [
        "transcription"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑う",
      "hiragana": "うたがう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "L'inaccompli"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑わ",
      "hiragana": "うたがわ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Imperfectif (未然形, mizen-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagawa",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑い",
      "hiragana": "うたがい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Continuatif (連用形, ren'yō-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑う",
      "hiragana": "うたがう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Conclusif (終止形, shūshi-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑う",
      "hiragana": "うたがう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Attributif (連体形, rentai-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑え",
      "hiragana": "うたがえ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Hypothétique (仮定形, katei-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagae",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑え",
      "hiragana": "うたがえ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Impératif (命令形, meirei-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagae",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑って",
      "hiragana": "うたがって",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "La Forme en -te"
      ],
      "roman": "utagatte",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑います",
      "hiragana": "うたがいます",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "poli",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaimasu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いません",
      "hiragana": "うたがいません",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "poli",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaimasen",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑う",
      "hiragana": "うたがう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑わない",
      "hiragana": "うたがわない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagawanai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いました",
      "hiragana": "うたがいました",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "poli",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaimashita",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いませんでした",
      "hiragana": "うたがいませんでした",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "poli",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaimasen deshita",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑った",
      "hiragana": "うたがった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagatta",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑わなかった",
      "hiragana": "うたがわなかった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagawanakatta",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑うと",
      "hiragana": "うたがうと",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en to"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau to",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑ったら",
      "hiragana": "うたがったら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en -tara"
      ],
      "roman": "utagattara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑えば",
      "hiragana": "うたがえば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en -(e)ba"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaeba",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑うなら",
      "hiragana": "うたがうなら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en nara"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau nara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑え",
      "hiragana": "うたがえ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -e (neutre)",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagae",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑うな",
      "hiragana": "うたがうな",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -e (neutre)",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau na",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いなさい",
      "hiragana": "うたがいなさい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -nasai (poli affirmatif)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagainasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いなさるな",
      "hiragana": "うたがいなさるな",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -nasaruna (poli négatif)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagainasaruna",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑ってください",
      "hiragana": "うたがってください",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -te kudasai",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagatte kudasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑わないでください",
      "hiragana": "うたがわないでください",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -te kudasai",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagawanaide kudasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いながら",
      "hiragana": "うたがいながら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "utagainagara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑っている",
      "hiragana": "うたがっている",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Progressif\nen -te + いる ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagatte iru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑ったり",
      "hiragana": "うたがったり",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Suspensif",
        "poli"
      ],
      "roman": "utagattari",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑って",
      "hiragana": "うたがって",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Suspensif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagatte",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いましょう",
      "hiragana": "うたがいましょう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conjectural/Volitif",
        "poli"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaimashō",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑おう",
      "hiragana": "うたがおう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conjectural/Volitif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaō",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いたい",
      "hiragana": "うたがいたい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Désidératif adjectif variable (flexions)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaitai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑われる",
      "hiragana": "うたがわれる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Passif ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagawareru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑わせる",
      "hiragana": "うたがわせる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Factitif/Causatif ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagawaseru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑える",
      "hiragana": "うたがえる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Potentiel ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaeru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japonais",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "Verbe",
  "raw_tags": [
    "godan"
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "疑問"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "roman": "Nani mo utagawazuni ikite iku.",
          "text": "何も疑わずに生きていく。",
          "translation": "Vivre sans douter de rien."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Douter."
      ],
      "id": "fr-疑う-ja-verb-JcUNwiSx"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "\\ɯ.ta.ɡa.ɯ\\"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "懐疑する"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "transitive"
  ],
  "word": "疑う"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Verbes en japonais",
    "Verbes godan en japonais",
    "Verbes transitifs en japonais",
    "japonais"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "疑い"
    },
    {
      "word": "疑わしい"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "うたがう",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utagau",
      "tags": [
        "transcription"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑う",
      "hiragana": "うたがう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "L'inaccompli"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑わ",
      "hiragana": "うたがわ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Imperfectif (未然形, mizen-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagawa",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑い",
      "hiragana": "うたがい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Continuatif (連用形, ren'yō-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑う",
      "hiragana": "うたがう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Conclusif (終止形, shūshi-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑う",
      "hiragana": "うたがう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Attributif (連体形, rentai-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑え",
      "hiragana": "うたがえ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Hypothétique (仮定形, katei-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagae",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑え",
      "hiragana": "うたがえ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Impératif (命令形, meirei-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagae",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑って",
      "hiragana": "うたがって",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "La Forme en -te"
      ],
      "roman": "utagatte",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑います",
      "hiragana": "うたがいます",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "poli",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaimasu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いません",
      "hiragana": "うたがいません",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "poli",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaimasen",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑う",
      "hiragana": "うたがう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑わない",
      "hiragana": "うたがわない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagawanai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いました",
      "hiragana": "うたがいました",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "poli",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaimashita",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いませんでした",
      "hiragana": "うたがいませんでした",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "poli",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaimasen deshita",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑った",
      "hiragana": "うたがった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagatta",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑わなかった",
      "hiragana": "うたがわなかった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagawanakatta",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑うと",
      "hiragana": "うたがうと",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en to"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau to",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑ったら",
      "hiragana": "うたがったら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en -tara"
      ],
      "roman": "utagattara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑えば",
      "hiragana": "うたがえば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en -(e)ba"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaeba",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑うなら",
      "hiragana": "うたがうなら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en nara"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau nara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑え",
      "hiragana": "うたがえ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -e (neutre)",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagae",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑うな",
      "hiragana": "うたがうな",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -e (neutre)",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagau na",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いなさい",
      "hiragana": "うたがいなさい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -nasai (poli affirmatif)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagainasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いなさるな",
      "hiragana": "うたがいなさるな",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -nasaruna (poli négatif)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagainasaruna",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑ってください",
      "hiragana": "うたがってください",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -te kudasai",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagatte kudasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑わないでください",
      "hiragana": "うたがわないでください",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -te kudasai",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagawanaide kudasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いながら",
      "hiragana": "うたがいながら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "utagainagara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑っている",
      "hiragana": "うたがっている",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Progressif\nen -te + いる ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagatte iru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑ったり",
      "hiragana": "うたがったり",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Suspensif",
        "poli"
      ],
      "roman": "utagattari",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑って",
      "hiragana": "うたがって",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Suspensif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagatte",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いましょう",
      "hiragana": "うたがいましょう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conjectural/Volitif",
        "poli"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaimashō",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑おう",
      "hiragana": "うたがおう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conjectural/Volitif"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaō",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "疑いたい",
      "hiragana": "うたがいたい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Désidératif adjectif variable (flexions)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaitai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑われる",
      "hiragana": "うたがわれる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Passif ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagawareru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑わせる",
      "hiragana": "うたがわせる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Factitif/Causatif ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagawaseru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    },
    {
      "form": "疑える",
      "hiragana": "うたがえる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Potentiel ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "utagaeru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/疑う"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japonais",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "Verbe",
  "raw_tags": [
    "godan"
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "疑問"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "roman": "Nani mo utagawazuni ikite iku.",
          "text": "何も疑わずに生きていく。",
          "translation": "Vivre sans douter de rien."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Douter."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "\\ɯ.ta.ɡa.ɯ\\"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "懐疑する"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "transitive"
  ],
  "word": "疑う"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japonais dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-07-04 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2024-07-01 using wiktextract (c690d5d and b5d1315). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.