"渋る" meaning in Japonais

See 渋る in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: \ɕi.bɯ.ɾɯ\
Forms: しぶる [hiragana], shiburu [transcription], 渋る [base-form], 渋ら [base-form], 渋り [base-form], 渋る [base-form], 渋る [base-form], 渋れ [base-form], 渋れ [base-form], 渋って [base-form], 渋ります [present, future, polite, affirmative], 渋りません [present, future, polite, negative], 渋る [present, future, neuter, affirmative], 渋らない [present, future, neuter, negative], 渋りました [past, polite, affirmative], 渋りませんでした [past, polite, negative], 渋った [past, neuter, affirmative], 渋らなかった [past, neuter, negative], 渋ると [conditional, subjunctive], 渋ったら [conditional, subjunctive], 渋れば [conditional, subjunctive], 渋るなら [conditional, subjunctive], 渋れ [imperative, affirmative], 渋るな [imperative, negative], 渋りなさい [imperative], 渋りなさるな [imperative], 渋ってください [imperative, affirmative], 渋らないでください [imperative, negative], 渋りながら [gerund], 渋っている, 渋ったり [polite], 渋って [neuter], 渋りましょう [polite], 渋ろう [neuter], 渋りたい, 渋られる, 渋らせる, 渋らず
  1. Hésiter.
    Sense id: fr-渋る-ja-verb-IDlVxjJW
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes en japonais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes godan en japonais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Japonais",
      "orig": "japonais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "しぶる",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shiburu",
      "tags": [
        "transcription"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋る",
      "hiragana": "しぶる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "L'inaccompli"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ら",
      "hiragana": "しぶら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imperfectif (未然形, mizen-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "shibura",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋り",
      "hiragana": "しぶり",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Continuatif (連用形, ren'yō-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburi",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋る",
      "hiragana": "しぶる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Conclusif (終止形, shūshi-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋る",
      "hiragana": "しぶる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Attributif (連体形, rentai-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋れ",
      "hiragana": "しぶれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hypothétique (仮定形, katei-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "shibure",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋れ",
      "hiragana": "しぶれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Impératif (命令形, meirei-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "shibure",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋って",
      "hiragana": "しぶって",
      "raw_tags": [
        "La Forme en -te"
      ],
      "roman": "shibutte",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ります",
      "hiragana": "しぶります",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburimasu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "future",
        "polite",
        "affirmative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りません",
      "hiragana": "しぶりません",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburimasen",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "future",
        "polite",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋る",
      "hiragana": "しぶる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "affirmative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋らない",
      "hiragana": "しぶらない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburanai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りました",
      "hiragana": "しぶりました",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburimashita",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "polite",
        "affirmative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りませんでした",
      "hiragana": "しぶりませんでした",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburimasen deshita",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "polite",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋った",
      "hiragana": "しぶった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shibutta",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "neuter",
        "affirmative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋らなかった",
      "hiragana": "しぶらなかった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburanakatta",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "neuter",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ると",
      "hiragana": "しぶると",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en to"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu to",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ったら",
      "hiragana": "しぶったら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -tara"
      ],
      "roman": "shibuttara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋れば",
      "hiragana": "しぶれば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -(e)ba"
      ],
      "roman": "shibureba",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋るなら",
      "hiragana": "しぶるなら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en nara"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu nara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋れ",
      "hiragana": "しぶれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -e (neutre)"
      ],
      "roman": "shibure",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "affirmative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋るな",
      "hiragana": "しぶるな",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -e (neutre)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu na",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りなさい",
      "hiragana": "しぶりなさい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -nasai (poli affirmatif)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburinasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りなさるな",
      "hiragana": "しぶりなさるな",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -nasaruna (poli négatif)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburinasaruna",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ってください",
      "hiragana": "しぶってください",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -te kudasai"
      ],
      "roman": "shibutte kudasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "affirmative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋らないでください",
      "hiragana": "しぶらないでください",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -te kudasai"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburanaide kudasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りながら",
      "hiragana": "しぶりながら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburinagara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋っている",
      "hiragana": "しぶっている",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Progressif\nen -te + いる ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "shibutte iru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る"
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ったり",
      "hiragana": "しぶったり",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Suspensif"
      ],
      "roman": "shibuttari",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋って",
      "hiragana": "しぶって",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Suspensif"
      ],
      "roman": "shibutte",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りましょう",
      "hiragana": "しぶりましょう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conjectural/Volitif"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburimashō",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ろう",
      "hiragana": "しぶろう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conjectural/Volitif"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburō",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りたい",
      "hiragana": "しぶりたい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Désidératif adjectif variable (flexions)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburitai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る"
    },
    {
      "form": "渋られる",
      "hiragana": "しぶられる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Passif ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburareru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る"
    },
    {
      "form": "渋らせる",
      "hiragana": "しぶらせる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Factitif/Causatif ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburaseru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る"
    },
    {
      "form": "渋らず",
      "hiragana": "しぶらず",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Potentiel ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburazu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japonais",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "Verbe",
  "raw_tags": [
    "godan"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Hésiter."
      ],
      "id": "fr-渋る-ja-verb-IDlVxjJW"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "\\ɕi.bɯ.ɾɯ\\"
    }
  ],
  "word": "渋る"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Verbes en japonais",
    "Verbes godan en japonais",
    "japonais"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "しぶる",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shiburu",
      "tags": [
        "transcription"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋る",
      "hiragana": "しぶる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "L'inaccompli"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ら",
      "hiragana": "しぶら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imperfectif (未然形, mizen-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "shibura",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋り",
      "hiragana": "しぶり",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Continuatif (連用形, ren'yō-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburi",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋る",
      "hiragana": "しぶる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Conclusif (終止形, shūshi-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋る",
      "hiragana": "しぶる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Attributif (連体形, rentai-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋れ",
      "hiragana": "しぶれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hypothétique (仮定形, katei-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "shibure",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋れ",
      "hiragana": "しぶれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Impératif (命令形, meirei-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "shibure",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋って",
      "hiragana": "しぶって",
      "raw_tags": [
        "La Forme en -te"
      ],
      "roman": "shibutte",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "base-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ります",
      "hiragana": "しぶります",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburimasu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "future",
        "polite",
        "affirmative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りません",
      "hiragana": "しぶりません",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburimasen",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "future",
        "polite",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋る",
      "hiragana": "しぶる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "affirmative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋らない",
      "hiragana": "しぶらない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburanai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りました",
      "hiragana": "しぶりました",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburimashita",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "polite",
        "affirmative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りませんでした",
      "hiragana": "しぶりませんでした",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburimasen deshita",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "polite",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋った",
      "hiragana": "しぶった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shibutta",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "neuter",
        "affirmative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋らなかった",
      "hiragana": "しぶらなかった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburanakatta",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "neuter",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ると",
      "hiragana": "しぶると",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en to"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu to",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ったら",
      "hiragana": "しぶったら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -tara"
      ],
      "roman": "shibuttara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋れば",
      "hiragana": "しぶれば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -(e)ba"
      ],
      "roman": "shibureba",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋るなら",
      "hiragana": "しぶるなら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en nara"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu nara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋れ",
      "hiragana": "しぶれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -e (neutre)"
      ],
      "roman": "shibure",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "affirmative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋るな",
      "hiragana": "しぶるな",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -e (neutre)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburu na",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りなさい",
      "hiragana": "しぶりなさい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -nasai (poli affirmatif)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburinasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りなさるな",
      "hiragana": "しぶりなさるな",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -nasaruna (poli négatif)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburinasaruna",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ってください",
      "hiragana": "しぶってください",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -te kudasai"
      ],
      "roman": "shibutte kudasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "affirmative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋らないでください",
      "hiragana": "しぶらないでください",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -te kudasai"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburanaide kudasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りながら",
      "hiragana": "しぶりながら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburinagara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋っている",
      "hiragana": "しぶっている",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Progressif\nen -te + いる ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "shibutte iru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る"
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ったり",
      "hiragana": "しぶったり",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Suspensif"
      ],
      "roman": "shibuttari",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋って",
      "hiragana": "しぶって",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Suspensif"
      ],
      "roman": "shibutte",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りましょう",
      "hiragana": "しぶりましょう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conjectural/Volitif"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburimashō",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋ろう",
      "hiragana": "しぶろう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conjectural/Volitif"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburō",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "渋りたい",
      "hiragana": "しぶりたい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Désidératif adjectif variable (flexions)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburitai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る"
    },
    {
      "form": "渋られる",
      "hiragana": "しぶられる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Passif ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburareru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る"
    },
    {
      "form": "渋らせる",
      "hiragana": "しぶらせる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Factitif/Causatif ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburaseru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る"
    },
    {
      "form": "渋らず",
      "hiragana": "しぶらず",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Potentiel ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "shiburazu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/渋る"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japonais",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "Verbe",
  "raw_tags": [
    "godan"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Hésiter."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "\\ɕi.bɯ.ɾɯ\\"
    }
  ],
  "word": "渋る"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 渋る meaning in Japonais (7.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japonais dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-07 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (f90d964 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.