See surnager in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"anagrams": [
{
"word": "rangeurs"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dérivations en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lemmes en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mots en français préfixés avec sur-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en catalan",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en croate",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en espagnol",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Verbes du premier groupe en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Verbes en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Verbes intransitifs en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Français",
"orig": "français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Dérivé de nager, avec le préfixe sur-."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "surnager",
"ipas": [
"\\syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\a.vwaʁ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "en surnageant",
"ipas": [
"\\ɑ̃ syʁ.na.ʒɑ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "en ayant surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ɑ̃.n‿ɛ.jɑ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "surnageant",
"ipas": [
"\\syʁ.na.ʒɑ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "je surnage",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒə syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tu surnages",
"ipas": [
"\\ty syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on surnage",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "nous surnageons",
"ipas": [
"\\nu syʁ.na.ʒɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vous surnagez",
"ipas": [
"\\vu syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles surnagent",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl] syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "j’ai surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒ‿e syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "tu as surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ty a syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on a surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿a syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "nous avons surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\nu.z‿a.vɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "vous avez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\vu.z‿a.ve syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles ont surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿ɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "je surnageais",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒə syʁ.na.ʒɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tu surnageais",
"ipas": [
"\\ty syʁ.na.ʒɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on surnageait",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.na.ʒɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nous surnagions",
"ipas": [
"\\nu syʁ.na.ʒjɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "vous surnagiez",
"ipas": [
"\\vu syʁ.na.ʒje\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles surnageaient",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl] syʁ.na.ʒɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "j’avais surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒ‿a.vɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tu avais surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ty a.vɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on avait surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿a.vɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nous avions surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\nu.z‿a.vjɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "vous aviez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\vu.z‿a.vje syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles avaient surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿a.vɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "je surnageai",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒə syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tu surnageas",
"ipas": [
"\\ty syʁ.na.ʒa\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on surnagea",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.na.ʒa\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "nous surnageâmes",
"ipas": [
"\\nu syʁ.na.ʒam\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vous surnageâtes",
"ipas": [
"\\vu syʁ.na.ʒat\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles surnagèrent",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl] syʁ.na.ʒɛʁ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "j’eus surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒ‿y syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past anterior"
]
},
{
"form": "tu eus surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ty y syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past anterior"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on eut surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿y syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past anterior"
]
},
{
"form": "nous eûmes surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\nu.z‿ym syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past anterior"
]
},
{
"form": "vous eûtes surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\vu.z‿yt syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past anterior"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles eurent surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿yʁ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past anterior"
]
},
{
"form": "je surnagerai",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒə syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "tu surnageras",
"ipas": [
"\\ty syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁa\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on surnagera",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁa\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "nous surnagerons",
"ipas": [
"\\nu syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "vous surnagerez",
"ipas": [
"\\vu syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles surnageront",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl] syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "j’aurai surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒ‿o.ʁe syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tu auras surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ty o.ʁa syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on aura surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿o.ʁa syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nous aurons surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\nu.z‿o.ʁɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "vous aurez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\vu.z‿o.ʁe syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles auront surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿o.ʁɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que je surnage",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ʒə syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "que tu surnages",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ty syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’il/elle/on surnage",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "que nous surnagions",
"ipas": [
"\\kə nu syʁ.na.ʒjɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "que vous surnagiez",
"ipas": [
"\\kə vu syʁ.na.ʒje\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’ils/elles surnagent",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[il/ɛl] syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "que j’aie surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ʒ‿ɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "que tu aies surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ty ɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’il/elle/on ait surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿ɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "que nous ayons surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə nu.z‿ɛ.jɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "que vous ayez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə vu.z‿ɛ.je syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’ils/elles aient surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[i/ɛ]l.z‿ɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "que je surnageasse",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ʒə syʁ.na.ʒas\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que tu surnageasses",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ty syʁ.na.ʒas\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’il/elle/on surnageât",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.na.ʒa\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que nous surnageassions",
"ipas": [
"\\kə nu syʁ.na.ʒa.sjɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que vous surnageassiez",
"ipas": [
"\\kə vu syʁ.na.ʒa.sje\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’ils/elles surnageassent",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[il/ɛl] syʁ.na.ʒas\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que j’eusse surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ʒ‿ys syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que tu eusses surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ty ys syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’il/elle/on eût surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿y syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que nous eussions surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə nu.z‿y.sjɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que vous eussiez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə vu.z‿y.sje syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’ils/elles eussent surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[i/ɛ]l.z‿ys syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "je surnagerais",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒə syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tu surnagerais",
"ipas": [
"\\ty syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on surnagerait",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "nous surnagerions",
"ipas": [
"\\nu syʁ.na.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vous surnageriez",
"ipas": [
"\\vu syʁ.na.ʒə.ʁje\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles surnageraient",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl] syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "j’aurais surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒ‿o.ʁɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tu aurais surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ty o.ʁɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on aurait surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿o.ʁɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "nous aurions surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\nu.z‿o.ʁjɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vous auriez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\vu.z‿o.ʁje syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles auraient surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿o.ʁɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "surnage",
"ipas": [
"\\syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "surnageons",
"ipas": [
"\\syʁ.na.ʒɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "surnagez",
"ipas": [
"\\syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "aie surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ayons surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ɛ.jɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ayez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ɛ.je syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "Verbe",
"raw_tags": [
"1ᵉʳ groupe"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Exemples en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Jules Verne, Le Pays des fourrures, J. Hetzel et Cⁱᵉ, Paris, 1873",
"text": "Mais une épave, un reste de carcasse, le tronçon d’un mât, une hune brisée, quelques planches, cela résiste, cela surnage, cela ne peut fondre !"
},
{
"ref": "Léon Berman, Histoire des Juifs de France des origines à nos jours, 1937",
"text": "Or, le bruit se répandit bientôt que le juif avait jeté l’hostie dans une cuve d’eau bouillante, à la suite de quoi l’eau aurait rougi sans s’altérer. Et l’on assurait que, depuis ce temps, l’enfant Jésus surnageait dans cette eau, sans qu’il fût possible de l’y enfoncer."
},
{
"ref": "L'Union médicale du Canada, 1910, volume 39, page 529",
"text": "Comme le supplicieur d'Orléans qui faisait bouillir les faux-monnayeurs et repoussait de la pique ceux qui venaient surnager, Ambroise Paré faisait échauder vivants deux petits chiens dans l'huile de lys."
},
{
"ref": "J. Fritsch, Fabrication et raffinage des huiles végétales, manuel à l'usage des fabricants, raffineurs, courtiers et négociants en huiles, Paris : chez H. Desforges, 1905, page 4",
"text": "(Plus rare)'(Transitif) — Après refroidissement du liquide, l’acide palmitique solidifié surnage' le liquide ; on le sépare de ce dernier, on le lave à l'eau, on le fait dissoudre dans l'alcool bouillant et l'y laisse cristalliser."
},
{
"ref": "D. de Prat, Nouveau manuel complet de filature ; 1ʳᵉ partie : Fibres animales & minérales, Encyclopédie Roret, 1914",
"text": "(Transitif) — S’il y a trop peu d’ammoniaque, l’huile surnagera le magmat en gouttes et le reste de l’émulsion sera toujours opaque."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Flotter à la surface d’un liquide."
],
"id": "fr-surnager-fr-verb-N0wEqMhT"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Exemples en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Métaphores en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "À la longue les erreurs tombent et la vérité surnage."
},
{
"text": "Parmi une foule d’ouvrages tombés dans l’oubli, celui-là a surnagé."
},
{
"ref": "Stendhal, Le rouge et le noir, 1830, réédition Gallimard, 2020, page 439",
"text": "Peu à peu l’agitation de Julien se calma; la prudence surnagea."
},
{
"ref": "Michel Zévaco, Le Capitan, 1906, Arthème Fayard, collection « Le Livre populaire » nᵒ 31, 1907",
"text": "De tous ces événements qui lui étaient arrivés, ce qui lui semblait surnager, c'était plus que jamais la nécessité urgente de se mettre sous la sauvegarde d'un tout-puissant protecteur comme Concini, maréchal d'Ancre."
},
{
"ref": "Marcel Proust, À l’ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs, Gallimard, 1919",
"text": "Fallait-il croire qu'ils venaient d'années déjà si lointaines de ma vie que le paysage qui les entourait avait été entièrement aboli dans ma mémoire et que comme ces pages qu'on est tout d'un coup ému de retrouver dans un ouvrage qu'on s'imaginait n'avoir jamais lu, ils surnageaient seuls du livre oublié de ma première enfance ?"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Subsister en parlant de quelque chose, par opposition à d’autres choses qui disparaissent, qui sont oubliées."
],
"id": "fr-surnager-fr-verb-8UW7Nu4X",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Exemples en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "journal 20 minutes, édition Paris-IDF, 30 septembre 2022, page 14",
"text": "Une cohésion et une combativité qu’il faudra retenir pour la suite de cette jeune équipe de France, incarnée par la meneuse Marine Fauthoux, qui a surnagé jeudi."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Avoir un niveau acceptable, par comparaison à ses coéquipiers."
],
"id": "fr-surnager-fr-verb-ePMfUXei"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-surnager.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-surnager.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-surnager.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-surnager.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-surnager.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Lyon)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-surnager.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-surnager.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-surnager.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-surnager.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-surnager.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-surnager.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Lyon)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-surnager.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "sobrenedar"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "surar"
},
{
"lang": "Croate",
"lang_code": "hr",
"word": "opstajati"
},
{
"lang": "Croate",
"lang_code": "hr",
"word": "održavati se na"
},
{
"lang": "Croate",
"lang_code": "hr",
"word": "održati se"
},
{
"lang": "Croate",
"lang_code": "hr",
"word": "opstati"
},
{
"lang": "Espagnol",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "sobrenadar"
},
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "superno"
}
],
"word": "surnager"
}
{
"anagrams": [
{
"word": "rangeurs"
}
],
"categories": [
"Dérivations en français",
"Lemmes en français",
"Mots en français préfixés avec sur-",
"Traductions en catalan",
"Traductions en croate",
"Traductions en espagnol",
"Traductions en latin",
"Verbes du premier groupe en français",
"Verbes en français",
"Verbes intransitifs en français",
"français"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Dérivé de nager, avec le préfixe sur-."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "surnager",
"ipas": [
"\\syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\a.vwaʁ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "en surnageant",
"ipas": [
"\\ɑ̃ syʁ.na.ʒɑ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "en ayant surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ɑ̃.n‿ɛ.jɑ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "surnageant",
"ipas": [
"\\syʁ.na.ʒɑ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "je surnage",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒə syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tu surnages",
"ipas": [
"\\ty syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on surnage",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "nous surnageons",
"ipas": [
"\\nu syʁ.na.ʒɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vous surnagez",
"ipas": [
"\\vu syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles surnagent",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl] syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "j’ai surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒ‿e syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "tu as surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ty a syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on a surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿a syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "nous avons surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\nu.z‿a.vɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "vous avez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\vu.z‿a.ve syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles ont surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿ɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "je surnageais",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒə syʁ.na.ʒɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tu surnageais",
"ipas": [
"\\ty syʁ.na.ʒɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on surnageait",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.na.ʒɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nous surnagions",
"ipas": [
"\\nu syʁ.na.ʒjɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "vous surnagiez",
"ipas": [
"\\vu syʁ.na.ʒje\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles surnageaient",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl] syʁ.na.ʒɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "j’avais surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒ‿a.vɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tu avais surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ty a.vɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on avait surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿a.vɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nous avions surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\nu.z‿a.vjɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "vous aviez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\vu.z‿a.vje syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles avaient surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿a.vɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "je surnageai",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒə syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tu surnageas",
"ipas": [
"\\ty syʁ.na.ʒa\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on surnagea",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.na.ʒa\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "nous surnageâmes",
"ipas": [
"\\nu syʁ.na.ʒam\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vous surnageâtes",
"ipas": [
"\\vu syʁ.na.ʒat\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles surnagèrent",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl] syʁ.na.ʒɛʁ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "j’eus surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒ‿y syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past anterior"
]
},
{
"form": "tu eus surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ty y syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past anterior"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on eut surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿y syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past anterior"
]
},
{
"form": "nous eûmes surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\nu.z‿ym syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past anterior"
]
},
{
"form": "vous eûtes surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\vu.z‿yt syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past anterior"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles eurent surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿yʁ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past anterior"
]
},
{
"form": "je surnagerai",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒə syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "tu surnageras",
"ipas": [
"\\ty syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁa\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on surnagera",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁa\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "nous surnagerons",
"ipas": [
"\\nu syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "vous surnagerez",
"ipas": [
"\\vu syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles surnageront",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl] syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "j’aurai surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒ‿o.ʁe syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tu auras surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ty o.ʁa syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on aura surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿o.ʁa syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "nous aurons surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\nu.z‿o.ʁɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "vous aurez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\vu.z‿o.ʁe syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles auront surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿o.ʁɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"future perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que je surnage",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ʒə syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "que tu surnages",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ty syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’il/elle/on surnage",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "que nous surnagions",
"ipas": [
"\\kə nu syʁ.na.ʒjɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "que vous surnagiez",
"ipas": [
"\\kə vu syʁ.na.ʒje\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’ils/elles surnagent",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[il/ɛl] syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "que j’aie surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ʒ‿ɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "que tu aies surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ty ɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’il/elle/on ait surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿ɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "que nous ayons surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə nu.z‿ɛ.jɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "que vous ayez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə vu.z‿ɛ.je syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’ils/elles aient surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[i/ɛ]l.z‿ɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "que je surnageasse",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ʒə syʁ.na.ʒas\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que tu surnageasses",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ty syʁ.na.ʒas\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’il/elle/on surnageât",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.na.ʒa\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que nous surnageassions",
"ipas": [
"\\kə nu syʁ.na.ʒa.sjɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que vous surnageassiez",
"ipas": [
"\\kə vu syʁ.na.ʒa.sje\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’ils/elles surnageassent",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[il/ɛl] syʁ.na.ʒas\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que j’eusse surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ʒ‿ys syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que tu eusses surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə ty ys syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’il/elle/on eût surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿y syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que nous eussions surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə nu.z‿y.sjɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "que vous eussiez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\kə vu.z‿y.sje syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "qu’ils/elles eussent surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\k‿[i/ɛ]l.z‿ys syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "je surnagerais",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒə syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tu surnagerais",
"ipas": [
"\\ty syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on surnagerait",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "nous surnagerions",
"ipas": [
"\\nu syʁ.na.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vous surnageriez",
"ipas": [
"\\vu syʁ.na.ʒə.ʁje\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles surnageraient",
"ipas": [
"\\[il/ɛl] syʁ.na.ʒ(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "j’aurais surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ʒ‿o.ʁɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tu aurais surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ty o.ʁɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "il/elle/on aurait surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿o.ʁɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "nous aurions surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\nu.z‿o.ʁjɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vous auriez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\vu.z‿o.ʁje syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ils/elles auraient surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿o.ʁɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "surnage",
"ipas": [
"\\syʁ.naʒ\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "surnageons",
"ipas": [
"\\syʁ.na.ʒɔ̃\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "surnagez",
"ipas": [
"\\syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "aie surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ɛ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ayons surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ɛ.jɔ̃ syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ayez surnagé",
"ipas": [
"\\ɛ.je syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
],
"source": "Conjugaison:français/surnager",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "Verbe",
"raw_tags": [
"1ᵉʳ groupe"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Exemples en français"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Jules Verne, Le Pays des fourrures, J. Hetzel et Cⁱᵉ, Paris, 1873",
"text": "Mais une épave, un reste de carcasse, le tronçon d’un mât, une hune brisée, quelques planches, cela résiste, cela surnage, cela ne peut fondre !"
},
{
"ref": "Léon Berman, Histoire des Juifs de France des origines à nos jours, 1937",
"text": "Or, le bruit se répandit bientôt que le juif avait jeté l’hostie dans une cuve d’eau bouillante, à la suite de quoi l’eau aurait rougi sans s’altérer. Et l’on assurait que, depuis ce temps, l’enfant Jésus surnageait dans cette eau, sans qu’il fût possible de l’y enfoncer."
},
{
"ref": "L'Union médicale du Canada, 1910, volume 39, page 529",
"text": "Comme le supplicieur d'Orléans qui faisait bouillir les faux-monnayeurs et repoussait de la pique ceux qui venaient surnager, Ambroise Paré faisait échauder vivants deux petits chiens dans l'huile de lys."
},
{
"ref": "J. Fritsch, Fabrication et raffinage des huiles végétales, manuel à l'usage des fabricants, raffineurs, courtiers et négociants en huiles, Paris : chez H. Desforges, 1905, page 4",
"text": "(Plus rare)'(Transitif) — Après refroidissement du liquide, l’acide palmitique solidifié surnage' le liquide ; on le sépare de ce dernier, on le lave à l'eau, on le fait dissoudre dans l'alcool bouillant et l'y laisse cristalliser."
},
{
"ref": "D. de Prat, Nouveau manuel complet de filature ; 1ʳᵉ partie : Fibres animales & minérales, Encyclopédie Roret, 1914",
"text": "(Transitif) — S’il y a trop peu d’ammoniaque, l’huile surnagera le magmat en gouttes et le reste de l’émulsion sera toujours opaque."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Flotter à la surface d’un liquide."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Exemples en français",
"Métaphores en français"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "À la longue les erreurs tombent et la vérité surnage."
},
{
"text": "Parmi une foule d’ouvrages tombés dans l’oubli, celui-là a surnagé."
},
{
"ref": "Stendhal, Le rouge et le noir, 1830, réédition Gallimard, 2020, page 439",
"text": "Peu à peu l’agitation de Julien se calma; la prudence surnagea."
},
{
"ref": "Michel Zévaco, Le Capitan, 1906, Arthème Fayard, collection « Le Livre populaire » nᵒ 31, 1907",
"text": "De tous ces événements qui lui étaient arrivés, ce qui lui semblait surnager, c'était plus que jamais la nécessité urgente de se mettre sous la sauvegarde d'un tout-puissant protecteur comme Concini, maréchal d'Ancre."
},
{
"ref": "Marcel Proust, À l’ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs, Gallimard, 1919",
"text": "Fallait-il croire qu'ils venaient d'années déjà si lointaines de ma vie que le paysage qui les entourait avait été entièrement aboli dans ma mémoire et que comme ces pages qu'on est tout d'un coup ému de retrouver dans un ouvrage qu'on s'imaginait n'avoir jamais lu, ils surnageaient seuls du livre oublié de ma première enfance ?"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Subsister en parlant de quelque chose, par opposition à d’autres choses qui disparaissent, qui sont oubliées."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Exemples en français"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "journal 20 minutes, édition Paris-IDF, 30 septembre 2022, page 14",
"text": "Une cohésion et une combativité qu’il faudra retenir pour la suite de cette jeune équipe de France, incarnée par la meneuse Marine Fauthoux, qui a surnagé jeudi."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Avoir un niveau acceptable, par comparaison à ses coéquipiers."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\syʁ.na.ʒe\\"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-surnager.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-surnager.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-surnager.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-surnager.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-surnager.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Lyon)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-surnager.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-surnager.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-surnager.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-surnager.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-surnager.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-surnager.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Lyon)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-surnager.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "sobrenedar"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "surar"
},
{
"lang": "Croate",
"lang_code": "hr",
"word": "opstajati"
},
{
"lang": "Croate",
"lang_code": "hr",
"word": "održavati se na"
},
{
"lang": "Croate",
"lang_code": "hr",
"word": "održati se"
},
{
"lang": "Croate",
"lang_code": "hr",
"word": "opstati"
},
{
"lang": "Espagnol",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "sobrenadar"
},
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "superno"
}
],
"word": "surnager"
}
Download raw JSONL data for surnager meaning in Français (20.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Français dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-19 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.