See rocailler in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "anagrams": [ { "word": "Corailler" }, { "word": "corailler" }, { "word": "croailler" }, { "word": "crollerai" }, { "word": "recrollai" } ], "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Lemmes en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Verbes du premier groupe en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Verbes en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Verbes transitifs en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Français", "orig": "français", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "rocaillé" } ], "etymology_texts": [ "De rocaille." ], "forms": [ { "form": "rocailler", "ipas": [ "\\ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "infinitive", "present" ] }, { "form": "avoir rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\a.vwaʁ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "infinitive", "past" ] }, { "form": "en rocaillant", "ipas": [ "\\ɑ̃ ʁɔ.ka.jɑ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "gerund", "present" ] }, { "form": "en ayant rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ɑ̃.n‿ɛ.jɑ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "gerund", "past" ] }, { "form": "rocaillant", "ipas": [ "\\ʁɔ.ka.jɑ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "je rocaille", "ipas": [ "\\ʒə ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "present" ] }, { "form": "tu rocailles", "ipas": [ "\\ty ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "present" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on rocaille", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "present" ] }, { "form": "nous rocaillons", "ipas": [ "\\nu ʁɔ.ka.jɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "present" ] }, { "form": "vous rocaillez", "ipas": [ "\\vu ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "present" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles rocaillent", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "present" ] }, { "form": "j’ai rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ʒ‿e ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "tu as rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ty a ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on a rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿a ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "nous avons rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\nu.z‿a.vɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "vous avez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\vu.z‿a.ve ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles ont rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿ɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "je rocaillais", "ipas": [ "\\ʒə ʁɔ.ka.jɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "tu rocaillais", "ipas": [ "\\ty ʁɔ.ka.jɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on rocaillait", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.ka.jɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "nous rocaillions", "ipas": [ "\\nu ʁɔ.kaj.jɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "vous rocailliez", "ipas": [ "\\vu ʁɔ.kaj.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles rocaillaient", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.ka.jɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "j’avais rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ʒ‿a.vɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "tu avais rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ty a.vɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on avait rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿a.vɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "nous avions rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\nu.z‿a.vjɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "vous aviez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\vu.z‿a.vje ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles avaient rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿a.vɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "je rocaillai", "ipas": [ "\\ʒə ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past" ] }, { "form": "tu rocaillas", "ipas": [ "\\ty ʁɔ.ka.ja\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on rocailla", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.ka.ja\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past" ] }, { "form": "nous rocaillâmes", "ipas": [ "\\nu ʁɔ.ka.jam\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past" ] }, { "form": "vous rocaillâtes", "ipas": [ "\\vu ʁɔ.ka.jat\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles rocaillèrent", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.ka.jɛʁ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past" ] }, { "form": "j’eus rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ʒ‿y ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past anterior" ] }, { "form": "tu eus rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ty y ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past anterior" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on eut rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿y ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past anterior" ] }, { "form": "nous eûmes rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\nu.z‿ym ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past anterior" ] }, { "form": "vous eûtes rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\vu.z‿yt ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past anterior" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles eurent rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿yʁ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past anterior" ] }, { "form": "je rocaillerai", "ipas": [ "\\ʒə ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁe\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future" ] }, { "form": "tu rocailleras", "ipas": [ "\\ty ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁa\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on rocaillera", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁa\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future" ] }, { "form": "nous rocaillerons", "ipas": [ "\\nu ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future" ] }, { "form": "vous rocaillerez", "ipas": [ "\\vu ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁe\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles rocailleront", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future" ] }, { "form": "j’aurai rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ʒ‿o.ʁe ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future perfect" ] }, { "form": "tu auras rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ty o.ʁa ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future perfect" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on aura rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿o.ʁa ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future perfect" ] }, { "form": "nous aurons rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\nu.z‿o.ʁɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future perfect" ] }, { "form": "vous aurez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\vu.z‿o.ʁe ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future perfect" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles auront rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿o.ʁɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future perfect" ] }, { "form": "que je rocaille", "ipas": [ "\\kə ʒə ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "present" ] }, { "form": "que tu rocailles", "ipas": [ "\\kə ty ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "present" ] }, { "form": "qu’il/elle/on rocaille", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "present" ] }, { "form": "que nous rocaillions", "ipas": [ "\\kə nu ʁɔ.kaj.jɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "present" ] }, { "form": "que vous rocailliez", "ipas": [ "\\kə vu ʁɔ.kaj.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "present" ] }, { "form": "qu’ils/elles rocaillent", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "present" ] }, { "form": "que j’aie rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə ʒ‿ɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "past" ] }, { "form": "que tu aies rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə ty ɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "past" ] }, { "form": "qu’il/elle/on ait rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿ɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "past" ] }, { "form": "que nous ayons rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə nu.z‿ɛ.jɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "past" ] }, { "form": "que vous ayez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə vu.z‿ɛ.je ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "past" ] }, { "form": "qu’ils/elles aient rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[i/ɛ]l.z‿ɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "past" ] }, { "form": "que je rocaillasse", "ipas": [ "\\kə ʒə ʁɔ.ka.jas\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "que tu rocaillasses", "ipas": [ "\\kə ty ʁɔ.ka.jas\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "qu’il/elle/on rocaillât", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.ka.ja\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "que nous rocaillassions", "ipas": [ "\\kə nu ʁɔ.ka.ja.sjɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "que vous rocaillassiez", "ipas": [ "\\kə vu ʁɔ.ka.ja.sje\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "qu’ils/elles rocaillassent", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.ka.jas\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "que j’eusse rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə ʒ‿ys ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "que tu eusses rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə ty ys ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "qu’il/elle/on eût rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿y ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "que nous eussions rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə nu.z‿y.sjɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "que vous eussiez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə vu.z‿y.sje ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "qu’ils/elles eussent rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[i/ɛ]l.z‿ys ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "je rocaillerais", "ipas": [ "\\ʒə ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "present" ] }, { "form": "tu rocaillerais", "ipas": [ "\\ty ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "present" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on rocaillerait", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "present" ] }, { "form": "nous rocaillerions", "ipas": [ "\\nu ʁɔ.ka.jə.ʁjɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "present" ] }, { "form": "vous rocailleriez", "ipas": [ "\\vu ʁɔ.ka.jə.ʁje\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "present" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles rocailleraient", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "present" ] }, { "form": "j’aurais rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ʒ‿o.ʁɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "past" ] }, { "form": "tu aurais rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ty o.ʁɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "past" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on aurait rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿o.ʁɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "past" ] }, { "form": "nous aurions rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\nu.z‿o.ʁjɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "past" ] }, { "form": "vous auriez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\vu.z‿o.ʁje ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "past" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles auraient rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿o.ʁɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "past" ] }, { "form": "rocaille", "ipas": [ "\\ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "imperative", "present" ] }, { "form": "rocaillons", "ipas": [ "\\ʁɔ.ka.jɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "imperative", "present" ] }, { "form": "rocaillez", "ipas": [ "\\ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "imperative", "present" ] }, { "form": "aie rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "imperative", "past" ] }, { "form": "ayons rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ɛ.jɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "imperative", "past" ] }, { "form": "ayez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ɛ.je ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "imperative", "past" ] } ], "lang": "Français", "lang_code": "fr", "pos": "verb", "pos_title": "Verbe", "raw_tags": [ "1ᵉʳ groupe" ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Exemples en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "Émile Gérards, Paris souterrain, 1991", "text": "On a même poussé la minutie jusqu'à rocailler les parements de meulière, dans les galeries réservées pour la circulation." }, { "ref": "Annales des ponts et chaussées, 1908", "text": "nᵒ 4 De rejointoyer et de rocailler au besoin les maçonneries conservées, étant entendu que dans tous ces travaux, on respecterait l'appareil de l'ouvrage, qu'on emploierait en parement les mêmes matériaux et que, sur les bandeaux, les rocaillages devraient être limités à de faibles surfaces." } ], "glosses": [ "Traiter en rocaille." ], "id": "fr-rocailler-fr-verb-WSwcV7-T" }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Français de Normandie", "orig": "français de Normandie", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "Pêcher à pied dans la rocaille." ], "id": "fr-rocailler-fr-verb-8-FXVZvN", "raw_tags": [ "Normandie" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Exemples en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "Léo Malet, L’envahissant cadavre de la plaine Monceau, 1959, chapitre premier", "text": "Allô! rocaille bientôt celui-ci." } ], "glosses": [ "Dire avec une voix rocailleuse." ], "id": "fr-rocailler-fr-verb-y7BUROlD" } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "\\ʁɔ.ka.je\\" }, { "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-rocailler.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-rocailler.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-rocailler.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-rocailler.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-rocailler.wav.ogg", "raw_tags": [ "Somain (France)" ], "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-rocailler.wav" } ], "tags": [ "transitive" ], "word": "rocailler" }
{ "anagrams": [ { "word": "Corailler" }, { "word": "corailler" }, { "word": "croailler" }, { "word": "crollerai" }, { "word": "recrollai" } ], "categories": [ "Lemmes en français", "Verbes du premier groupe en français", "Verbes en français", "Verbes transitifs en français", "français" ], "derived": [ { "word": "rocaillé" } ], "etymology_texts": [ "De rocaille." ], "forms": [ { "form": "rocailler", "ipas": [ "\\ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "infinitive", "present" ] }, { "form": "avoir rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\a.vwaʁ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "infinitive", "past" ] }, { "form": "en rocaillant", "ipas": [ "\\ɑ̃ ʁɔ.ka.jɑ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "gerund", "present" ] }, { "form": "en ayant rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ɑ̃.n‿ɛ.jɑ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "gerund", "past" ] }, { "form": "rocaillant", "ipas": [ "\\ʁɔ.ka.jɑ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "je rocaille", "ipas": [ "\\ʒə ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "present" ] }, { "form": "tu rocailles", "ipas": [ "\\ty ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "present" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on rocaille", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "present" ] }, { "form": "nous rocaillons", "ipas": [ "\\nu ʁɔ.ka.jɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "present" ] }, { "form": "vous rocaillez", "ipas": [ "\\vu ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "present" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles rocaillent", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "present" ] }, { "form": "j’ai rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ʒ‿e ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "tu as rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ty a ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on a rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿a ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "nous avons rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\nu.z‿a.vɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "vous avez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\vu.z‿a.ve ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles ont rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿ɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "je rocaillais", "ipas": [ "\\ʒə ʁɔ.ka.jɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "tu rocaillais", "ipas": [ "\\ty ʁɔ.ka.jɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on rocaillait", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.ka.jɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "nous rocaillions", "ipas": [ "\\nu ʁɔ.kaj.jɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "vous rocailliez", "ipas": [ "\\vu ʁɔ.kaj.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles rocaillaient", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.ka.jɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "j’avais rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ʒ‿a.vɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "tu avais rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ty a.vɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on avait rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿a.vɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "nous avions rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\nu.z‿a.vjɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "vous aviez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\vu.z‿a.vje ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles avaient rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿a.vɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "je rocaillai", "ipas": [ "\\ʒə ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past" ] }, { "form": "tu rocaillas", "ipas": [ "\\ty ʁɔ.ka.ja\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on rocailla", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.ka.ja\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past" ] }, { "form": "nous rocaillâmes", "ipas": [ "\\nu ʁɔ.ka.jam\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past" ] }, { "form": "vous rocaillâtes", "ipas": [ "\\vu ʁɔ.ka.jat\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles rocaillèrent", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.ka.jɛʁ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past" ] }, { "form": "j’eus rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ʒ‿y ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past anterior" ] }, { "form": "tu eus rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ty y ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past anterior" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on eut rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿y ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past anterior" ] }, { "form": "nous eûmes rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\nu.z‿ym ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past anterior" ] }, { "form": "vous eûtes rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\vu.z‿yt ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past anterior" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles eurent rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿yʁ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "past anterior" ] }, { "form": "je rocaillerai", "ipas": [ "\\ʒə ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁe\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future" ] }, { "form": "tu rocailleras", "ipas": [ "\\ty ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁa\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on rocaillera", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁa\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future" ] }, { "form": "nous rocaillerons", "ipas": [ "\\nu ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future" ] }, { "form": "vous rocaillerez", "ipas": [ "\\vu ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁe\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles rocailleront", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future" ] }, { "form": "j’aurai rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ʒ‿o.ʁe ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future perfect" ] }, { "form": "tu auras rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ty o.ʁa ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future perfect" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on aura rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿o.ʁa ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future perfect" ] }, { "form": "nous aurons rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\nu.z‿o.ʁɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future perfect" ] }, { "form": "vous aurez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\vu.z‿o.ʁe ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future perfect" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles auront rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿o.ʁɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "indicative", "future perfect" ] }, { "form": "que je rocaille", "ipas": [ "\\kə ʒə ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "present" ] }, { "form": "que tu rocailles", "ipas": [ "\\kə ty ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "present" ] }, { "form": "qu’il/elle/on rocaille", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "present" ] }, { "form": "que nous rocaillions", "ipas": [ "\\kə nu ʁɔ.kaj.jɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "present" ] }, { "form": "que vous rocailliez", "ipas": [ "\\kə vu ʁɔ.kaj.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "present" ] }, { "form": "qu’ils/elles rocaillent", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "present" ] }, { "form": "que j’aie rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə ʒ‿ɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "past" ] }, { "form": "que tu aies rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə ty ɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "past" ] }, { "form": "qu’il/elle/on ait rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿ɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "past" ] }, { "form": "que nous ayons rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə nu.z‿ɛ.jɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "past" ] }, { "form": "que vous ayez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə vu.z‿ɛ.je ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "past" ] }, { "form": "qu’ils/elles aient rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[i/ɛ]l.z‿ɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "past" ] }, { "form": "que je rocaillasse", "ipas": [ "\\kə ʒə ʁɔ.ka.jas\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "que tu rocaillasses", "ipas": [ "\\kə ty ʁɔ.ka.jas\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "qu’il/elle/on rocaillât", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.ka.ja\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "que nous rocaillassions", "ipas": [ "\\kə nu ʁɔ.ka.ja.sjɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "que vous rocaillassiez", "ipas": [ "\\kə vu ʁɔ.ka.ja.sje\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "qu’ils/elles rocaillassent", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.ka.jas\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "imperfect" ] }, { "form": "que j’eusse rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə ʒ‿ys ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "que tu eusses rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə ty ys ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "qu’il/elle/on eût rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿y ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "que nous eussions rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə nu.z‿y.sjɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "que vous eussiez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\kə vu.z‿y.sje ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "qu’ils/elles eussent rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\k‿[i/ɛ]l.z‿ys ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "subjunctive", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "je rocaillerais", "ipas": [ "\\ʒə ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "present" ] }, { "form": "tu rocaillerais", "ipas": [ "\\ty ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "present" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on rocaillerait", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "present" ] }, { "form": "nous rocaillerions", "ipas": [ "\\nu ʁɔ.ka.jə.ʁjɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "present" ] }, { "form": "vous rocailleriez", "ipas": [ "\\vu ʁɔ.ka.jə.ʁje\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "present" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles rocailleraient", "ipas": [ "\\[il/ɛl] ʁɔ.kaj(ə.)ʁɛ\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "present" ] }, { "form": "j’aurais rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ʒ‿o.ʁɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "past" ] }, { "form": "tu aurais rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ty o.ʁɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "past" ] }, { "form": "il/elle/on aurait rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿o.ʁɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "past" ] }, { "form": "nous aurions rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\nu.z‿o.ʁjɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "past" ] }, { "form": "vous auriez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\vu.z‿o.ʁje ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "past" ] }, { "form": "ils/elles auraient rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿o.ʁɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "conditional", "past" ] }, { "form": "rocaille", "ipas": [ "\\ʁɔ.kaj\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "imperative", "present" ] }, { "form": "rocaillons", "ipas": [ "\\ʁɔ.ka.jɔ̃\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "imperative", "present" ] }, { "form": "rocaillez", "ipas": [ "\\ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "imperative", "present" ] }, { "form": "aie rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ɛ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "imperative", "past" ] }, { "form": "ayons rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ɛ.jɔ̃ ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "imperative", "past" ] }, { "form": "ayez rocaillé", "ipas": [ "\\ɛ.je ʁɔ.ka.je\\" ], "source": "Conjugaison:français/rocailler", "tags": [ "imperative", "past" ] } ], "lang": "Français", "lang_code": "fr", "pos": "verb", "pos_title": "Verbe", "raw_tags": [ "1ᵉʳ groupe" ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Exemples en français" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "Émile Gérards, Paris souterrain, 1991", "text": "On a même poussé la minutie jusqu'à rocailler les parements de meulière, dans les galeries réservées pour la circulation." }, { "ref": "Annales des ponts et chaussées, 1908", "text": "nᵒ 4 De rejointoyer et de rocailler au besoin les maçonneries conservées, étant entendu que dans tous ces travaux, on respecterait l'appareil de l'ouvrage, qu'on emploierait en parement les mêmes matériaux et que, sur les bandeaux, les rocaillages devraient être limités à de faibles surfaces." } ], "glosses": [ "Traiter en rocaille." ] }, { "categories": [ "français de Normandie" ], "glosses": [ "Pêcher à pied dans la rocaille." ], "raw_tags": [ "Normandie" ] }, { "categories": [ "Exemples en français" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "Léo Malet, L’envahissant cadavre de la plaine Monceau, 1959, chapitre premier", "text": "Allô! rocaille bientôt celui-ci." } ], "glosses": [ "Dire avec une voix rocailleuse." ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "\\ʁɔ.ka.je\\" }, { "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-rocailler.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-rocailler.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-rocailler.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-rocailler.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-rocailler.wav.ogg", "raw_tags": [ "Somain (France)" ], "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-rocailler.wav" } ], "tags": [ "transitive" ], "word": "rocailler" }
Download raw JSONL data for rocailler meaning in Français (16.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Français dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-07 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (51d164f and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.