See 中国 on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Compositions en chinois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Noms propres en chinois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinois",
"orig": "chinois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Mot composé de 中, zhōng (« milieu ») et de 国, guó (« pays »). Le mot zhōngguó dérive de 中華, zhōnghuá (« Chine ») et qui fut mentionné pour la première fois en 1894 par Sun Yat-sen. Zhōnghuá est composé de 中, zhōng et de 華, huá. Voir aussi 中原, zhōngyuán littéralement « plaines du centre » en référence au berceau de la première civilisation chinoise situé quelque part entre le Fleuve Jaune et le Yangtse. Quant au sinogramme huá, qui peut prendre aujourd’hui le sens de « en fleur », « magnifique » ou « illustre », il est l'un des éléments de huáxià, terme qui désigne dans les écrits des Royaumes combattants les premiers Chinois, « les tribus de Huang di et de Yandi ». Qian Mu (錢穆), historien, considère qu’il s’agit du nom de leur territoire, Hua étant une montagne du Henan, Xia l’ancien nom de la rivière Han (漢水). D’autres historiens pensent que l’ethnie Xia, qui aurait donné son nom à la dynastie Xia de l’histoire chinoise, était qualifiée de hua, dont un des sens est « peint », du fait que ses membres se tatouaient."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "中國",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditionnel"
]
}
],
"lang": "Chinois",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"pos_title": "Nom propre",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pays d’Asie en chinois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chine."
],
"id": "fr-中国-zh-name-DjnMvRiG",
"topics": [
"geography"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Zhōngguó"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʈ͡ʂʊŋ˥ ku̯ɔ˧˥\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʈ͡ʂʊŋ˥ ku̯ɔ˧˥\\",
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Zhōngguó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"EFEO"
],
"zh_pron": "tchong-kouo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "chung¹ kuo²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "jūnggwó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ"
},
{
"audio": "Zh-zhongguo.ogg",
"ipa": "tʂʊŋ˥.kuɔ˧˥",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/Zh-zhongguo.ogg/Zh-zhongguo.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zh-zhongguo.ogg",
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "zung¹ gwok³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"gan"
],
"zh_pron": "zung¹ guet⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "Chûng-koet"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"zh_pron": "zung¹ guêd⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin"
],
"zh_pron": "zung¹ gueh⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"minbei",
"KCR"
],
"zh_pron": "Dô̤ng-gŏ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"minbei"
],
"tags": [
"Bang-ua-ce",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh_pron": "Dṳ̆ng-guók"
},
{
"audio": "Cdo Dṳ̆ng-guók.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f9/Cdo_Dṳ̆ng-guók.ogg/Cdo_Dṳ̆ng-guók.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cdo Dṳ̆ng-guók.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"minbei"
],
"tags": [
"Eastern-Min"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"minbei"
],
"tags": [
"Peh-oe-ji",
"Hokkien",
"Fujian",
"Taiwan"
],
"zh_pron": "Tiong-kok"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"minbei"
],
"tags": [
"Chaozhou",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "dong1 gog4"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh_pron": "tson koq (T1)"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"xiang"
],
"zh_pron": "zhong¹ gue⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʈɨuŋ kwək̚\\",
"tags": [
"Medieval-Chinese"
]
},
{
"ipa": "\\*truŋ [C.q]ʷˤək\\",
"raw_tags": [
":Modèle:Baxter–Sagart"
],
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese"
]
},
{
"ipa": "\\*tuŋ kʷɯːɡ\\",
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
]
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dates manquantes en japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Noms propres en japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Noms propres en japonais issus d’un mot en chinois classique",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japonais",
"orig": "japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "中国語"
},
{
"word": "中国人"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(Date à préciser) Du chinois classique."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "ちゅうごく",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
},
{
"form": "Chūgoku",
"tags": [
"transcription"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japonais",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"pos_title": "Nom propre 1",
"raw_tags": [
"\\tɕɯː.ɡo̞.kɯ\\"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "中華"
},
{
"word": "台湾"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pays en japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chine."
],
"id": "fr-中国-ja-name-DjnMvRiG",
"topics": [
"geography"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Ja-Chugoku.ogg",
"ipa": "tɕɯː.ɡo.kɯ",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/Ja-Chugoku.ogg/Ja-Chugoku.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ja-Chugoku.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"\\tɕɯː.ɡo̞.kɯ\\",
"Japon (Tokyo)"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Par ellipse"
],
"word": "中"
},
{
"translation": "République populaire de Chine",
"word": "中華人民共和国"
},
{
"word": "支那"
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Compositions en japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dates manquantes en japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Noms propres en japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japonais",
"orig": "japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(Date à préciser) Composé de 中, chū (« moyen ») et de 国, koku (« État »), littéralement « États de distance moyenne de Kyoto »."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "ちゅうごく",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
},
{
"form": "Chūgoku",
"tags": [
"transcription"
]
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "岡山"
},
{
"word": "広島"
},
{
"word": "鳥取"
},
{
"word": "島根"
},
{
"word": "山口"
}
],
"lang": "Japonais",
"lang_code": "ja",
"notes": [
"On n’utilise ce mot que dans un contexte où il est clair qu’il réfère à la région du Japon et non pas à la Chine."
],
"pos": "name",
"pos_title": "Nom propre 2",
"raw_tags": [
"\\tɕɯː.ɡo̞.kɯ\\"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Régions du Japon en japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"La région de Chugoku."
],
"id": "fr-中国-ja-name-v13Brnkw",
"raw_tags": [
"Toponyme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Ja-Chugoku.ogg",
"ipa": "tɕɯː.ɡo.kɯ",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/Ja-Chugoku.ogg/Ja-Chugoku.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ja-Chugoku.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"\\tɕɯː.ɡo̞.kɯ\\",
"Japon (Tokyo)"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Beaucoup plus courant"
],
"word": "中国地方"
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"categories": [
"Compositions en chinois",
"Noms propres en chinois",
"chinois"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Mot composé de 中, zhōng (« milieu ») et de 国, guó (« pays »). Le mot zhōngguó dérive de 中華, zhōnghuá (« Chine ») et qui fut mentionné pour la première fois en 1894 par Sun Yat-sen. Zhōnghuá est composé de 中, zhōng et de 華, huá. Voir aussi 中原, zhōngyuán littéralement « plaines du centre » en référence au berceau de la première civilisation chinoise situé quelque part entre le Fleuve Jaune et le Yangtse. Quant au sinogramme huá, qui peut prendre aujourd’hui le sens de « en fleur », « magnifique » ou « illustre », il est l'un des éléments de huáxià, terme qui désigne dans les écrits des Royaumes combattants les premiers Chinois, « les tribus de Huang di et de Yandi ». Qian Mu (錢穆), historien, considère qu’il s’agit du nom de leur territoire, Hua étant une montagne du Henan, Xia l’ancien nom de la rivière Han (漢水). D’autres historiens pensent que l’ethnie Xia, qui aurait donné son nom à la dynastie Xia de l’histoire chinoise, était qualifiée de hua, dont un des sens est « peint », du fait que ses membres se tatouaient."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "中國",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditionnel"
]
}
],
"lang": "Chinois",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"pos_title": "Nom propre",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pays d’Asie en chinois"
],
"glosses": [
"Chine."
],
"topics": [
"geography"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Zhōngguó"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʈ͡ʂʊŋ˥ ku̯ɔ˧˥\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʈ͡ʂʊŋ˥ ku̯ɔ˧˥\\",
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Zhōngguó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"EFEO"
],
"zh_pron": "tchong-kouo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "chung¹ kuo²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "jūnggwó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ"
},
{
"audio": "Zh-zhongguo.ogg",
"ipa": "tʂʊŋ˥.kuɔ˧˥",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/Zh-zhongguo.ogg/Zh-zhongguo.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zh-zhongguo.ogg",
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "zung¹ gwok³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"gan"
],
"zh_pron": "zung¹ guet⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "Chûng-koet"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"zh_pron": "zung¹ guêd⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin"
],
"zh_pron": "zung¹ gueh⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"minbei",
"KCR"
],
"zh_pron": "Dô̤ng-gŏ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"minbei"
],
"tags": [
"Bang-ua-ce",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh_pron": "Dṳ̆ng-guók"
},
{
"audio": "Cdo Dṳ̆ng-guók.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f9/Cdo_Dṳ̆ng-guók.ogg/Cdo_Dṳ̆ng-guók.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cdo Dṳ̆ng-guók.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"minbei"
],
"tags": [
"Eastern-Min"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"minbei"
],
"tags": [
"Peh-oe-ji",
"Hokkien",
"Fujian",
"Taiwan"
],
"zh_pron": "Tiong-kok"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"minbei"
],
"tags": [
"Chaozhou",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "dong1 gog4"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh_pron": "tson koq (T1)"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"xiang"
],
"zh_pron": "zhong¹ gue⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʈɨuŋ kwək̚\\",
"tags": [
"Medieval-Chinese"
]
},
{
"ipa": "\\*truŋ [C.q]ʷˤək\\",
"raw_tags": [
":Modèle:Baxter–Sagart"
],
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese"
]
},
{
"ipa": "\\*tuŋ kʷɯːɡ\\",
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
]
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dates manquantes en japonais",
"Noms propres en japonais",
"Noms propres en japonais issus d’un mot en chinois classique",
"japonais"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "中国語"
},
{
"word": "中国人"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(Date à préciser) Du chinois classique."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "ちゅうごく",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
},
{
"form": "Chūgoku",
"tags": [
"transcription"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japonais",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"pos_title": "Nom propre 1",
"raw_tags": [
"\\tɕɯː.ɡo̞.kɯ\\"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "中華"
},
{
"word": "台湾"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pays en japonais"
],
"glosses": [
"Chine."
],
"topics": [
"geography"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Ja-Chugoku.ogg",
"ipa": "tɕɯː.ɡo.kɯ",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/Ja-Chugoku.ogg/Ja-Chugoku.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ja-Chugoku.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"\\tɕɯː.ɡo̞.kɯ\\",
"Japon (Tokyo)"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Par ellipse"
],
"word": "中"
},
{
"translation": "République populaire de Chine",
"word": "中華人民共和国"
},
{
"word": "支那"
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"categories": [
"Compositions en japonais",
"Dates manquantes en japonais",
"Noms propres en japonais",
"japonais"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(Date à préciser) Composé de 中, chū (« moyen ») et de 国, koku (« État »), littéralement « États de distance moyenne de Kyoto »."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "ちゅうごく",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
},
{
"form": "Chūgoku",
"tags": [
"transcription"
]
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "岡山"
},
{
"word": "広島"
},
{
"word": "鳥取"
},
{
"word": "島根"
},
{
"word": "山口"
}
],
"lang": "Japonais",
"lang_code": "ja",
"notes": [
"On n’utilise ce mot que dans un contexte où il est clair qu’il réfère à la région du Japon et non pas à la Chine."
],
"pos": "name",
"pos_title": "Nom propre 2",
"raw_tags": [
"\\tɕɯː.ɡo̞.kɯ\\"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Régions du Japon en japonais"
],
"glosses": [
"La région de Chugoku."
],
"raw_tags": [
"Toponyme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Ja-Chugoku.ogg",
"ipa": "tɕɯː.ɡo.kɯ",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/Ja-Chugoku.ogg/Ja-Chugoku.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ja-Chugoku.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"\\tɕɯː.ɡo̞.kɯ\\",
"Japon (Tokyo)"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Beaucoup plus courant"
],
"word": "中国地方"
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 中国 meaning in All languages combined (5.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-08-26 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (c15dac4 and c9bbad3). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.