Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

run/English/adj

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run/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts", "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "English adjectives", "English class 3 strong verbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English irregular past participles", "English irregular verbs", "English lemmas", "English non-lemma forms", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃er-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English uncomparable adjectives", "English verb forms", "English verb forms using redundant wikisyntax", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 12 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Ewe translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Lithuanian translations", "Requests for review of Telugu translations", "Requests for translations into Isan", "Requests for translations into Lü", "Requests for translations into Northern Thai", "Requests for translations into Shan", "Requests for translations into Southern Thai", "Rhymes:English/ʌn", "Rhymes:English/ʌn/1 syllable", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Afar translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Ainu translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Alemannic German translations", "Terms with American Sign Language translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Avar translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Cheyenne translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dungan translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Ewe translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Gan translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Guaraní translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Higaonon translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Jin translations", "Terms with Kabyle translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Nanai translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with North Frisian translations", "Terms with Northern Altai translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Min translations", "Terms with Northern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Javanese translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pannonian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sindhi translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Slovincian translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Sotho translations", "Terms with South Levantine Arabic translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tausug translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvaluan translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Xiang translations", "Terms with Yagnobi translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Collectives", "en:Fish", "en:Gaits", "en:Ichthyology", "en:Water"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₃er-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "runnen"}, "expansion": "Middle English runnen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "enm", "2": "rinnen", "t": "to run"}, "expansion": "Middle English rinnen (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "rinnan"}, "expansion": "Old English rinnan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "rinna", "t": "to run"}, "expansion": "Old Norse rinna (“to run”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*rinnaną", "t": "to run"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₃reyH-", "t": "to boil, churn"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "rin", "3": "", "4": "to run"}, "expansion": "Scots rin (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "rinne", "3": "", "4": "to walk, march"}, "expansion": "West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "rennen", "3": "", "4": "to run, race"}, "expansion": "Dutch rennen (“to run, race”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gsw", "2": "ränne", "t": "to run"}, "expansion": "Alemannic German ränne (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "rennen", "3": "", "4": "to run, race"}, "expansion": "German rennen (“to run, race”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "rende", "3": "", "4": "to run"}, "expansion": "Danish rende (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "ränna", "3": "", "4": "to run"}, "expansion": "Swedish ränna (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "rinna", "3": "", "4": "to flow"}, "expansion": "Swedish rinna (“to flow”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "renna", "3": "", "4": "to flow"}, "expansion": "Icelandic renna (“to flow”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "rend", "3": "", "4": "to run, run after"}, "expansion": "Albanian rend (“to run, run after”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen,\nyronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”) (compare also *rannijaną (“to make run”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”).\nCognate with Scots rin (“to run”), West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”), Dutch rennen (“to run, race”), Alemannic German ränne (“to run”), German rennen (“to run, race”), rinnen (“to flow”), Rhein, Danish rende (“to run”), Swedish ränna (“to run”), Swedish rinna (“to flow”), Icelandic renna (“to flow”). Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian rend (“to run, run after”). See random.", "forms": [{"form": "rin", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "ren", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "-"}, "expansion": "run (not comparable)", "name": "en-adj"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Put some run butter on the vegetables.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1921, L. W. Ferris, H. W. Redfield, W. R. North, “The Volatile Acids and the Volatile Oxidizable Substances of Cream and Experimental Butter”, in Journal of Dairy Science, volume 4, page 522:", "text": "Samples of the regular run butter were sealed in 1 pound tins and sent to Washington, where the butter was scored and examined.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In a liquid state; melted or molten."], "links": [["liquid", "liquid"], ["melted", "melted"], ["molten", "molten"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1735, Thomas Frankz, A tour through France, Flanders, and Germany: in a letter to Robert Savil, page 18:", "text": "[...] the Sides are generally made of Holland's Tiles, or Plates of run Iron, ornamented variously as Fancy dictates, [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1833, The Cabinet Cyclopaedia: A treatise on the progressive improvement and present state of the Manufactures in Metal, volume 2, Iron and Steel (printed in London), page 314", "text": "Vast quantities are cast in sand moulds, with that kind of run steel which is so largely used in the production of common table-knives and forks."}, {"ref": "c. 1839, (Richard of Raindale, The Plan of my House vindicated, quoted by) T. T. B. in the Dwelling of Richard of Raindale, King of the Moors, published in The Mirror, number 966, 7 September 1839, page 153", "text": "For making tea I have a kettle,\nBesides a pan made of run metal;\nAn old arm-chair, in which I sit well —\nThe back is round."}], "glosses": ["Cast in a mould."], "links": [["Cast", "cast"], ["mould", "mould"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"glosses": ["Exhausted; depleted (especially with \"down\" or \"out\")."], "links": [["Exhausted", "exhaust"], ["deplete", "deplete"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned", "en:Fish"], "examples": [{"ref": "1889, Henry Cholmondeley-Pennell, Fishing: Salmon and Trout, fifth edition, page 185:", "text": "The temperature of the water is consequently much higher than in either England or Scotland, and many newly run salmon will be found in early spring in the upper waters of Irish rivers where obstructions exist.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1986, Arthur Oglesby, Fly fishing for salmon and sea trout, page 15:", "text": "It may be very much a metallic appearance as opposed to the silver freshness of a recently run salmon.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2005, Rod Sutterby, Malcolm Greenhalgh, Atlantic Salmon: An Illustrated Natural History, page 86:", "text": "Thus, on almost any day of the year, a fresh-run salmon may be caught legally somewhere in the British Isles.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Travelled, migrated; having made a migration or a spawning run."], "links": [["zoology", "zoology"], ["Travelled", "travelled"], ["migrated", "migrated"], ["migration", "migration"], ["run", "#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(of a zoology) Travelled, migrated; having made a migration or a spawning run."], "raw_tags": ["of a zoology"], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"examples": [{"text": "run brandy"}], "glosses": ["Smuggled."], "links": [["Smuggled", "smuggled"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/ɹʌn/", "tags": ["General-American", "UK"]}, {"audio": "en-us-run.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/En-us-run.ogg/En-us-run.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/En-us-run.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-run.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/En-run.ogg/En-run.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/En-run.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-au-run.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/En-au-run.ogg/En-au-run.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/En-au-run.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/ɹʊn/", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"rhymes": "-ʌn"}], "wikipedia": ["Run"], "word": "run"}

run (English adj) run/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts", "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "English adjectives", "English class 3 strong verbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English irregular past participles", "English irregular verbs", "English lemmas", "English non-lemma forms", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃er-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English uncomparable adjectives", "English verb forms", "English verb forms using redundant wikisyntax", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 12 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Ewe translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Lithuanian translations", "Requests for review of Telugu translations", "Requests for translations into Isan", "Requests for translations into Lü", "Requests for translations into Northern Thai", "Requests for translations into Shan", "Requests for translations into Southern Thai", "Rhymes:English/ʌn", "Rhymes:English/ʌn/1 syllable", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Afar translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Ainu translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Alemannic German translations", "Terms with American Sign Language translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Avar translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Cheyenne translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dungan translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Ewe translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Gan translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Guaraní translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Higaonon translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Jin translations", "Terms with Kabyle translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Nanai translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with North Frisian translations", "Terms with Northern Altai translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Min translations", "Terms with Northern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Javanese translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pannonian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sindhi translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Slovincian translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Sotho translations", "Terms with South Levantine Arabic translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tausug translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvaluan translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Xiang translations", "Terms with Yagnobi translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Collectives", "en:Fish", "en:Gaits", "en:Ichthyology", "en:Water"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₃er-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "runnen"}, "expansion": "Middle English runnen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "enm", "2": "rinnen", "t": "to run"}, "expansion": "Middle English rinnen (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "rinnan"}, "expansion": "Old English rinnan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "rinna", "t": "to run"}, "expansion": "Old Norse rinna (“to run”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*rinnaną", "t": "to run"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₃reyH-", "t": "to boil, churn"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "rin", "3": "", "4": "to run"}, "expansion": "Scots rin (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "rinne", "3": "", "4": "to walk, march"}, "expansion": "West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "rennen", "3": "", "4": "to run, race"}, "expansion": "Dutch rennen (“to run, race”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gsw", "2": "ränne", "t": "to run"}, "expansion": "Alemannic German ränne (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "rennen", "3": "", "4": "to run, race"}, "expansion": "German rennen (“to run, race”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "rende", "3": "", "4": "to run"}, "expansion": "Danish rende (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "ränna", "3": "", "4": "to run"}, "expansion": "Swedish ränna (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "rinna", "3": "", "4": "to flow"}, "expansion": "Swedish rinna (“to flow”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "renna", "3": "", "4": "to flow"}, "expansion": "Icelandic renna (“to flow”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "rend", "3": "", "4": "to run, run after"}, "expansion": "Albanian rend (“to run, run after”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen,\nyronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”) (compare also *rannijaną (“to make run”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”).\nCognate with Scots rin (“to run”), West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”), Dutch rennen (“to run, race”), Alemannic German ränne (“to run”), German rennen (“to run, race”), rinnen (“to flow”), Rhein, Danish rende (“to run”), Swedish ränna (“to run”), Swedish rinna (“to flow”), Icelandic renna (“to flow”). Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian rend (“to run, run after”). See random.", "forms": [{"form": "rin", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "ren", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "-"}, "expansion": "run (not comparable)", "name": "en-adj"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Put some run butter on the vegetables.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1921, L. W. Ferris, H. W. Redfield, W. R. North, “The Volatile Acids and the Volatile Oxidizable Substances of Cream and Experimental Butter”, in Journal of Dairy Science, volume 4, page 522:", "text": "Samples of the regular run butter were sealed in 1 pound tins and sent to Washington, where the butter was scored and examined.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In a liquid state; melted or molten."], "links": [["liquid", "liquid"], ["melted", "melted"], ["molten", "molten"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1735, Thomas Frankz, A tour through France, Flanders, and Germany: in a letter to Robert Savil, page 18:", "text": "[...] the Sides are generally made of Holland's Tiles, or Plates of run Iron, ornamented variously as Fancy dictates, [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1833, The Cabinet Cyclopaedia: A treatise on the progressive improvement and present state of the Manufactures in Metal, volume 2, Iron and Steel (printed in London), page 314", "text": "Vast quantities are cast in sand moulds, with that kind of run steel which is so largely used in the production of common table-knives and forks."}, {"ref": "c. 1839, (Richard of Raindale, The Plan of my House vindicated, quoted by) T. T. B. in the Dwelling of Richard of Raindale, King of the Moors, published in The Mirror, number 966, 7 September 1839, page 153", "text": "For making tea I have a kettle,\nBesides a pan made of run metal;\nAn old arm-chair, in which I sit well —\nThe back is round."}], "glosses": ["Cast in a mould."], "links": [["Cast", "cast"], ["mould", "mould"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"glosses": ["Exhausted; depleted (especially with \"down\" or \"out\")."], "links": [["Exhausted", "exhaust"], ["deplete", "deplete"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned", "en:Fish"], "examples": [{"ref": "1889, Henry Cholmondeley-Pennell, Fishing: Salmon and Trout, fifth edition, page 185:", "text": "The temperature of the water is consequently much higher than in either England or Scotland, and many newly run salmon will be found in early spring in the upper waters of Irish rivers where obstructions exist.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1986, Arthur Oglesby, Fly fishing for salmon and sea trout, page 15:", "text": "It may be very much a metallic appearance as opposed to the silver freshness of a recently run salmon.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2005, Rod Sutterby, Malcolm Greenhalgh, Atlantic Salmon: An Illustrated Natural History, page 86:", "text": "Thus, on almost any day of the year, a fresh-run salmon may be caught legally somewhere in the British Isles.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Travelled, migrated; having made a migration or a spawning run."], "links": [["zoology", "zoology"], ["Travelled", "travelled"], ["migrated", "migrated"], ["migration", "migration"], ["run", "#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(of a zoology) Travelled, migrated; having made a migration or a spawning run."], "raw_tags": ["of a zoology"], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"examples": [{"text": "run brandy"}], "glosses": ["Smuggled."], "links": [["Smuggled", "smuggled"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/ɹʌn/", "tags": ["General-American", "UK"]}, {"audio": "en-us-run.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/En-us-run.ogg/En-us-run.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/En-us-run.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-run.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/En-run.ogg/En-run.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/En-run.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-au-run.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/En-au-run.ogg/En-au-run.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/En-au-run.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/ɹʊn/", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"rhymes": "-ʌn"}], "wikipedia": ["Run"], "word": "run"}

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Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian rend (“to run, run after”). See random.", "forms": [{"form": "rin", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "ren", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "-"}, "expansion": "run (not comparable)", "name": "en-adj"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Put some run butter on the vegetables.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1921, L. W. Ferris, H. W. Redfield, W. R. North, “The Volatile Acids and the Volatile Oxidizable Substances of Cream and Experimental Butter”, in Journal of Dairy Science, volume 4, page 522:", "text": "Samples of the regular run butter were sealed in 1 pound tins and sent to Washington, where the butter was scored and examined.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In a liquid state; melted or molten."], "links": [["liquid", "liquid"], ["melted", "melted"], ["molten", "molten"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1735, Thomas Frankz, A tour through France, Flanders, and Germany: in a letter to Robert Savil, page 18:", "text": "[...] the Sides are generally made of Holland's Tiles, or Plates of run Iron, ornamented variously as Fancy dictates, [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1833, The Cabinet Cyclopaedia: A treatise on the progressive improvement and present state of the Manufactures in Metal, volume 2, Iron and Steel (printed in London), page 314", "text": "Vast quantities are cast in sand moulds, with that kind of run steel which is so largely used in the production of common table-knives and forks."}, {"ref": "c. 1839, (Richard of Raindale, The Plan of my House vindicated, quoted by) T. 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B. in the Dwelling of Richard of Raindale, King of the Moors, published in The Mirror, number 966, 7 September 1839, page 153", "text": "For making tea I have a kettle,\nBesides a pan made of run metal;\nAn old arm-chair, in which I sit well —\nThe back is round."}], "glosses": ["Cast in a mould."], "links": [["Cast", "cast"], ["mould", "mould"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"glosses": ["Exhausted; depleted (especially with \"down\" or \"out\")."], "links": [["Exhausted", "exhaust"], ["deplete", "deplete"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned", "en:Fish"], "examples": [{"ref": "1889, Henry Cholmondeley-Pennell, Fishing: Salmon and Trout, fifth edition, page 185:", "text": "The temperature of the water is consequently much higher than in either England or Scotland, and many newly run salmon will be found in early spring in the upper waters of Irish rivers where obstructions exist.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1986, Arthur Oglesby, Fly fishing for salmon and sea trout, page 15:", "text": "It may be very much a metallic appearance as opposed to the silver freshness of a recently run salmon.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2005, Rod Sutterby, Malcolm Greenhalgh, Atlantic Salmon: An Illustrated Natural History, page 86:", "text": "Thus, on almost any day of the year, a fresh-run salmon may be caught legally somewhere in the British Isles.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Travelled, migrated; having made a migration or a spawning run."], "links": [["zoology", "zoology"], ["Travelled", "travelled"], ["migrated", "migrated"], ["migration", "migration"], ["run", "#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(of a zoology) Travelled, migrated; having made a migration or a spawning run."], "raw_tags": ["of a zoology"], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"examples": [{"text": "run brandy"}], "glosses": ["Smuggled."], "links": [["Smuggled", "smuggled"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/ɹʌn/", "tags": ["General-American", "UK"]}, {"audio": "en-us-run.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/En-us-run.ogg/En-us-run.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/En-us-run.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-run.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/En-run.ogg/En-run.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/En-run.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-au-run.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/En-au-run.ogg/En-au-run.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/En-au-run.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/ɹʊn/", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"rhymes": "-ʌn"}], "wikipedia": ["Run"], "word": "run"}

run (English adj) run/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts", "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "English adjectives", "English class 3 strong verbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English irregular past participles", "English irregular verbs", "English lemmas", "English non-lemma forms", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃er-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English uncomparable adjectives", "English 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Levantine Arabic translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tausug translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvaluan translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Xiang translations", "Terms with Yagnobi translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Collectives", "en:Fish", "en:Gaits", "en:Ichthyology", "en:Water"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₃er-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "runnen"}, "expansion": "Middle English runnen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "enm", "2": "rinnen", "t": "to run"}, "expansion": "Middle English rinnen (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "rinnan"}, "expansion": "Old English rinnan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "rinna", "t": "to run"}, "expansion": "Old Norse rinna (“to run”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*rinnaną", "t": "to run"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₃reyH-", "t": "to boil, churn"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "rin", "3": "", "4": "to run"}, "expansion": "Scots rin (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "rinne", "3": "", "4": "to walk, march"}, "expansion": "West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "rennen", "3": "", "4": "to run, race"}, "expansion": "Dutch rennen (“to run, race”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gsw", "2": "ränne", "t": "to run"}, "expansion": "Alemannic German ränne (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "rennen", "3": "", "4": "to run, race"}, "expansion": "German rennen (“to run, race”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "rende", "3": "", "4": "to run"}, "expansion": "Danish rende (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "ränna", "3": "", "4": "to run"}, "expansion": "Swedish ränna (“to run”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "rinna", "3": "", "4": "to flow"}, "expansion": "Swedish rinna (“to flow”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "renna", "3": "", "4": "to flow"}, "expansion": "Icelandic renna (“to flow”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "rend", "3": "", "4": "to run, run after"}, "expansion": "Albanian rend (“to run, run after”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen,\nyronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”) (compare also *rannijaną (“to make run”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”).\nCognate with Scots rin (“to run”), West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”), Dutch rennen (“to run, race”), Alemannic German ränne (“to run”), German rennen (“to run, race”), rinnen (“to flow”), Rhein, Danish rende (“to run”), Swedish ränna (“to run”), Swedish rinna (“to flow”), Icelandic renna (“to flow”). Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian rend (“to run, run after”). See random.", "forms": [{"form": "rin", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "ren", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "-"}, "expansion": "run (not comparable)", "name": "en-adj"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Put some run butter on the vegetables.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1921, L. W. Ferris, H. W. Redfield, W. R. North, “The Volatile Acids and the Volatile Oxidizable Substances of Cream and Experimental Butter”, in Journal of Dairy Science, volume 4, page 522:", "text": "Samples of the regular run butter were sealed in 1 pound tins and sent to Washington, where the butter was scored and examined.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In a liquid state; melted or molten."], "links": [["liquid", "liquid"], ["melted", "melted"], ["molten", "molten"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1735, Thomas Frankz, A tour through France, Flanders, and Germany: in a letter to Robert Savil, page 18:", "text": "[...] the Sides are generally made of Holland's Tiles, or Plates of run Iron, ornamented variously as Fancy dictates, [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1833, The Cabinet Cyclopaedia: A treatise on the progressive improvement and present state of the Manufactures in Metal, volume 2, Iron and Steel (printed in London), page 314", "text": "Vast quantities are cast in sand moulds, with that kind of run steel which is so largely used in the production of common table-knives and forks."}, {"ref": "c. 1839, (Richard of Raindale, The Plan of my House vindicated, quoted by) T. T. B. in the Dwelling of Richard of Raindale, King of the Moors, published in The Mirror, number 966, 7 September 1839, page 153", "text": "For making tea I have a kettle,\nBesides a pan made of run metal;\nAn old arm-chair, in which I sit well —\nThe back is round."}], "glosses": ["Cast in a mould."], "links": [["Cast", "cast"], ["mould", "mould"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"glosses": ["Exhausted; depleted (especially with \"down\" or \"out\")."], "links": [["Exhausted", "exhaust"], ["deplete", "deplete"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned", "en:Fish"], "examples": [{"ref": "1889, Henry Cholmondeley-Pennell, Fishing: Salmon and Trout, fifth edition, page 185:", "text": "The temperature of the water is consequently much higher than in either England or Scotland, and many newly run salmon will be found in early spring in the upper waters of Irish rivers where obstructions exist.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1986, Arthur Oglesby, Fly fishing for salmon and sea trout, page 15:", "text": "It may be very much a metallic appearance as opposed to the silver freshness of a recently run salmon.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2005, Rod Sutterby, Malcolm Greenhalgh, Atlantic Salmon: An Illustrated Natural History, page 86:", "text": "Thus, on almost any day of the year, a fresh-run salmon may be caught legally somewhere in the British Isles.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Travelled, migrated; having made a migration or a spawning run."], "links": [["zoology", "zoology"], ["Travelled", "travelled"], ["migrated", "migrated"], ["migration", "migration"], ["run", "#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(of a zoology) Travelled, migrated; having made a migration or a spawning run."], "raw_tags": ["of a zoology"], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"examples": [{"text": "run brandy"}], "glosses": ["Smuggled."], "links": [["Smuggled", "smuggled"]], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/ɹʌn/", "tags": ["General-American", "UK"]}, {"audio": "en-us-run.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/En-us-run.ogg/En-us-run.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/En-us-run.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-run.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/En-run.ogg/En-run.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/En-run.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-au-run.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/En-au-run.ogg/En-au-run.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/En-au-run.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/ɹʊn/", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"rhymes": "-ʌn"}], "wikipedia": ["Run"], "word": "run"}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (f074e77 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.