Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

pen/English/verb

Return to 'Debug messages subpage 2571'

pen/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Eastern Min terms with redundant transliterations", "English 3-letter words", "English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Anglo-Norman", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peth₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 22 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for gender in Gujarati entries", "Requests for gender in Tigrinya entries", "Rhymes:English/ɛn", "Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Buryat translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Coptic translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Egyptian translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Fula translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Jin translations", "Terms with Kalmyk translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikuyu translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Luganda translations", "Terms with Luhya translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Meru translations", "Terms with Mokilese translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pannonian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Rade translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tigrinya translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Xiang translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "en:Animal body parts", "en:Female animals", "en:Prison", "en:Swans", "en:Walls and fences", "en:Writing instruments"], "derived": [{"word": "copen"}, {"word": "co-pen"}, {"word": "repen"}, {"word": "re-pen"}], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "pen-writing_tool-feather-wing"}, "expansion": "", "name": "etymid"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*peth₂-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "penne"}, "expansion": "Middle English penne", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "xno", "3": "penne"}, "expansion": "Anglo-Norman penne", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "penne"}, "expansion": "Old French penne", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "penna", "t": "feather"}, "expansion": "Latin penna (“feather”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*péth₂r̥", "4": "*péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én-", "t": "feather, wing"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "πτερόν", "t": "wing"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sa", "2": "पत्रम्", "t": "wing, feather"}, "expansion": "Sanskrit पत्रम् (patram, “wing, feather”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "перо", "t": "pen"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “pen”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "non", "2": "fjǫðr"}, "expansion": "Old Norse fjǫðr", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "feðer"}, "expansion": "Old English feðer", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "panne", "3": "penna", "4": "pinna"}, "expansion": "Doublet of panne, penna, and pinna", "name": "doublet"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English penne, from Anglo-Norman penne, from Old French penne, from Latin penna (“feather”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to rush, fly”) (from which petition). Proto-Indo-European base also root of *petra-, from which Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”) (whence pterodactyl), Sanskrit पत्रम् (patram, “wing, feather”), Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “pen”), Old Norse fjǫðr, Old English feðer (Modern English feather); note the /p/ → /f/ Germanic sound change.\nDoublet of panne, penna, and pinna. See feather and πέτομαι (pétomai) for more.", "forms": [{"form": "pens", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "penning", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "pen (third-person singular simple present pens, present participle penning, simple past and past participle penned)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Nonuel:", "text": "Prying open the crate, you discover a carefully wrapped, handwritten copy of one of Matriarch Dilinaga's treatises. It is unlikely she penned it herself, but the flowing brushwork and intricate watercolor illustrations clearly show the hand of a master scribe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2021 February 9, Christina Newland, “Is Tom Hanks part of a dying breed of genuine movie stars?”, in BBC:", "text": "His two most recent films are last year's Greyhound, a Hanks-penned World War Two thriller in which he plays a naval commander, and now News of the World, a Western set in the years immediately following the close of the US Civil War, directed by Paul Greengrass, which is premiering around the world on Netflix tomorrow.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2021 December 29, Conrad Landin, “Glasgow Subway: a city institution”, in RAIL, number 947, page 45:", "text": "It was in this era, too, that author and Scotland the Brave songwriter Cliff Hanley penned The Glasgow Underground, a tongue-in-cheek love letter to the Subway in song.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To write (an article, a book, etc.)."], "links": [["write", "write"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To write (an article, a book, etc.)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/pɛn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-us-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg/En-us-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/pɪn/", "tags": ["pin-pen-merger"]}, {"homophone": "pin (pin–pen merger)"}, {"rhymes": "-ɛn"}], "translations": [{"code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "lekha", "sense": "to write", "word": "লেখা"}, {"code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "likhon", "sense": "to write", "word": "লিখন"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "piša", "sense": "to write", "word": "пиша"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to write", "word": "schrijven"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to write", "word": "kynäillä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to write", "word": "écrire"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to write", "word": "niederschreiben"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to write", "word": "verfassen"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to write", "word": "scrivere"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nûsîn", "sense": "to write", "word": "نووسین"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pišuva", "sense": "to write", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "пишува"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to write", "word": "skrive"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to write", "word": "føre i pennen"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to write", "word": "pisać"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to write", "word": "escrever"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pisátʹ", "sense": "to write", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "писа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "napisátʹ", "sense": "to write", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "написа́ть"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to write", "word": "escribir"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to write", "word": "kaleme almak"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to write", "word": "yazmak"}], "word": "pen"}

pen (English verb) pen/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Eastern Min terms with redundant transliterations", "English 3-letter words", "English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Anglo-Norman", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peth₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 22 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for gender in Gujarati entries", "Requests for gender in Tigrinya entries", "Rhymes:English/ɛn", "Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Buryat translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Coptic translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Egyptian translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Fula translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Jin translations", "Terms with Kalmyk translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikuyu translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Luganda translations", "Terms with Luhya translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Meru translations", "Terms with Mokilese translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pannonian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Rade translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tigrinya translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Xiang translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "en:Animal body parts", "en:Female animals", "en:Prison", "en:Swans", "en:Walls and fences", "en:Writing instruments"], "derived": [{"word": "copen"}, {"word": "co-pen"}, {"word": "repen"}, {"word": "re-pen"}], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "pen-writing_tool-feather-wing"}, "expansion": "", "name": "etymid"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*peth₂-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "penne"}, "expansion": "Middle English penne", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "xno", "3": "penne"}, "expansion": "Anglo-Norman penne", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "penne"}, "expansion": "Old French penne", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "penna", "t": "feather"}, "expansion": "Latin penna (“feather”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*péth₂r̥", "4": "*péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én-", "t": "feather, wing"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "πτερόν", "t": "wing"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sa", "2": "पत्रम्", "t": "wing, feather"}, "expansion": "Sanskrit पत्रम् (patram, “wing, feather”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "перо", "t": "pen"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “pen”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "non", "2": "fjǫðr"}, "expansion": "Old Norse fjǫðr", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "feðer"}, "expansion": "Old English feðer", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "panne", "3": "penna", "4": "pinna"}, "expansion": "Doublet of panne, penna, and pinna", "name": "doublet"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English penne, from Anglo-Norman penne, from Old French penne, from Latin penna (“feather”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to rush, fly”) (from which petition). Proto-Indo-European base also root of *petra-, from which Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”) (whence pterodactyl), Sanskrit पत्रम् (patram, “wing, feather”), Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “pen”), Old Norse fjǫðr, Old English feðer (Modern English feather); note the /p/ → /f/ Germanic sound change.\nDoublet of panne, penna, and pinna. See feather and πέτομαι (pétomai) for more.", "forms": [{"form": "pens", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "penning", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "pen (third-person singular simple present pens, present participle penning, simple past and past participle penned)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Nonuel:", "text": "Prying open the crate, you discover a carefully wrapped, handwritten copy of one of Matriarch Dilinaga's treatises. It is unlikely she penned it herself, but the flowing brushwork and intricate watercolor illustrations clearly show the hand of a master scribe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2021 February 9, Christina Newland, “Is Tom Hanks part of a dying breed of genuine movie stars?”, in BBC:", "text": "His two most recent films are last year's Greyhound, a Hanks-penned World War Two thriller in which he plays a naval commander, and now News of the World, a Western set in the years immediately following the close of the US Civil War, directed by Paul Greengrass, which is premiering around the world on Netflix tomorrow.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2021 December 29, Conrad Landin, “Glasgow Subway: a city institution”, in RAIL, number 947, page 45:", "text": "It was in this era, too, that author and Scotland the Brave songwriter Cliff Hanley penned The Glasgow Underground, a tongue-in-cheek love letter to the Subway in song.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To write (an article, a book, etc.)."], "links": [["write", "write"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To write (an article, a book, etc.)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/pɛn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-us-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg/En-us-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/pɪn/", "tags": ["pin-pen-merger"]}, {"homophone": "pin (pin–pen merger)"}, {"rhymes": "-ɛn"}], "translations": [{"code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "lekha", "sense": "to write", "word": "লেখা"}, {"code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "likhon", "sense": "to write", "word": "লিখন"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "piša", "sense": "to write", "word": "пиша"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to write", "word": "schrijven"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to write", "word": "kynäillä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to write", "word": "écrire"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to write", "word": "niederschreiben"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to write", "word": "verfassen"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to write", "word": "scrivere"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nûsîn", "sense": "to write", "word": "نووسین"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pišuva", "sense": "to write", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "пишува"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to write", "word": "skrive"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to write", "word": "føre i pennen"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to write", "word": "pisać"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to write", "word": "escrever"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pisátʹ", "sense": "to write", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "писа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "napisátʹ", "sense": "to write", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "написа́ть"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to write", "word": "escribir"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to write", "word": "kaleme almak"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to write", "word": "yazmak"}], "word": "pen"}

pen/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English 3-letter words", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 22 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ɛn", "Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "en:Animal body parts", "en:Female animals", "en:Prison", "en:Swans", "en:Walls and fences", "en:Writing instruments"], "derived": [{"word": "pen up"}, {"word": "pent"}, {"word": "pent-up"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "pen-enclose-close-lock-bolt"}, "expansion": "", "name": "etymid"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "pennen"}, "expansion": "Middle English pennen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "*pennian", "pos": "attested in <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">onpennian</i> (“to open”)", "t": "to close, lock, bolt"}, "expansion": "Old English *pennian (“to close, lock, bolt”, attested in onpennian (“to open”))", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "pennen", "t": "to secure a door with a bolt"}, "expansion": "Low German pennen (“to secure a door with a bolt”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English pennen, from Old English *pennian (“to close, lock, bolt”, attested in onpennian (“to open”)), derived from penn (see above). Akin to Low German pennen (“to secure a door with a bolt”).", "forms": [{"form": "pens", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "penning", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "pent", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "pent", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"past2": "pent"}, "expansion": "pen (third-person singular simple present pens, present participle penning, simple past and past participle penned or pent)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "Watching where shepherds pen their flocks at eve.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To enclose in a pen."], "links": [["enclose", "enclose"], ["pen", "#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To enclose in a pen."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/pɛn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-us-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg/En-us-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/pɪn/", "tags": ["pin-pen-merger"]}, {"homophone": "pin (pin–pen merger)"}, {"rhymes": "-ɛn"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "vkarvam v košara", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "вкарвам в кошара"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "karsinoida"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "sulkea karsinaan"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "sulkea selliin"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "einsperren"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "einpferchen"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "mantróno", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "μαντρώνω"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "recintare"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "innhegne"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "innhegne"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "prender"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "enclausurar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zapirátʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "запира́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaperétʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "запере́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaključátʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "заключа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaključítʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "заключи́ть"}], "word": "pen"}

pen (English verb) pen/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English 3-letter words", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 22 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ɛn", "Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "en:Animal body parts", "en:Female animals", "en:Prison", "en:Swans", "en:Walls and fences", "en:Writing instruments"], "derived": [{"word": "pen up"}, {"word": "pent"}, {"word": "pent-up"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "pen-enclose-close-lock-bolt"}, "expansion": "", "name": "etymid"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "pennen"}, "expansion": "Middle English pennen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "*pennian", "pos": "attested in <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">onpennian</i> (“to open”)", "t": "to close, lock, bolt"}, "expansion": "Old English *pennian (“to close, lock, bolt”, attested in onpennian (“to open”))", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "pennen", "t": "to secure a door with a bolt"}, "expansion": "Low German pennen (“to secure a door with a bolt”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English pennen, from Old English *pennian (“to close, lock, bolt”, attested in onpennian (“to open”)), derived from penn (see above). Akin to Low German pennen (“to secure a door with a bolt”).", "forms": [{"form": "pens", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "penning", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "pent", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "pent", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"past2": "pent"}, "expansion": "pen (third-person singular simple present pens, present participle penning, simple past and past participle penned or pent)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "Watching where shepherds pen their flocks at eve.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To enclose in a pen."], "links": [["enclose", "enclose"], ["pen", "#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To enclose in a pen."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/pɛn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-us-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg/En-us-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/pɪn/", "tags": ["pin-pen-merger"]}, {"homophone": "pin (pin–pen merger)"}, {"rhymes": "-ɛn"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "vkarvam v košara", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "вкарвам в кошара"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "karsinoida"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "sulkea karsinaan"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "sulkea selliin"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "einsperren"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "einpferchen"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "mantróno", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "μαντρώνω"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "recintare"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "innhegne"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "innhegne"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "prender"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "enclausurar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zapirátʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "запира́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaperétʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "запере́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaključátʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "заключа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaključítʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "заключи́ть"}], "word": "pen"}

pen/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Eastern Min terms with redundant transliterations", "English 3-letter words", "English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Anglo-Norman", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peth₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 22 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for gender in Gujarati entries", "Requests for gender in Tigrinya entries", "Rhymes:English/ɛn", "Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Buryat translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Coptic translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Egyptian translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Fula translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Jin translations", "Terms with Kalmyk translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikuyu translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Luganda translations", "Terms with Luhya translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Meru translations", "Terms with Mokilese translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pannonian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Rade translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tigrinya translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Xiang translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "en:Animal body parts", "en:Female animals", "en:Prison", "en:Swans", "en:Walls and fences", "en:Writing instruments"], "derived": [{"word": "copen"}, {"word": "co-pen"}, {"word": "repen"}, {"word": "re-pen"}], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "pen-writing_tool-feather-wing"}, "expansion": "", "name": "etymid"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*peth₂-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "penne"}, "expansion": "Middle English penne", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "xno", "3": "penne"}, "expansion": "Anglo-Norman penne", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "penne"}, "expansion": "Old French penne", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "penna", "t": "feather"}, "expansion": "Latin penna (“feather”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*péth₂r̥", "4": "*péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én-", "t": "feather, wing"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "πτερόν", "t": "wing"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sa", "2": "पत्रम्", "t": "wing, feather"}, "expansion": "Sanskrit पत्रम् (patram, “wing, feather”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "перо", "t": "pen"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “pen”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "non", "2": "fjǫðr"}, "expansion": "Old Norse fjǫðr", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "feðer"}, "expansion": "Old English feðer", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "panne", "3": "penna", "4": "pinna"}, "expansion": "Doublet of panne, penna, and pinna", "name": "doublet"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English penne, from Anglo-Norman penne, from Old French penne, from Latin penna (“feather”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to rush, fly”) (from which petition). Proto-Indo-European base also root of *petra-, from which Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”) (whence pterodactyl), Sanskrit पत्रम् (patram, “wing, feather”), Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “pen”), Old Norse fjǫðr, Old English feðer (Modern English feather); note the /p/ → /f/ Germanic sound change.\nDoublet of panne, penna, and pinna. See feather and πέτομαι (pétomai) for more.", "forms": [{"form": "pens", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "penning", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "pen (third-person singular simple present pens, present participle penning, simple past and past participle penned)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Nonuel:", "text": "Prying open the crate, you discover a carefully wrapped, handwritten copy of one of Matriarch Dilinaga's treatises. It is unlikely she penned it herself, but the flowing brushwork and intricate watercolor illustrations clearly show the hand of a master scribe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2021 February 9, Christina Newland, “Is Tom Hanks part of a dying breed of genuine movie stars?”, in BBC:", "text": "His two most recent films are last year's Greyhound, a Hanks-penned World War Two thriller in which he plays a naval commander, and now News of the World, a Western set in the years immediately following the close of the US Civil War, directed by Paul Greengrass, which is premiering around the world on Netflix tomorrow.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2021 December 29, Conrad Landin, “Glasgow Subway: a city institution”, in RAIL, number 947, page 45:", "text": "It was in this era, too, that author and Scotland the Brave songwriter Cliff Hanley penned The Glasgow Underground, a tongue-in-cheek love letter to the Subway in song.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To write (an article, a book, etc.)."], "links": [["write", "write"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To write (an article, a book, etc.)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/pɛn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-us-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg/En-us-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/pɪn/", "tags": ["pin-pen-merger"]}, {"homophone": "pin (pin–pen merger)"}, {"rhymes": "-ɛn"}], "translations": [{"code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "lekha", "sense": "to write", "word": "লেখা"}, {"code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "likhon", "sense": "to write", "word": "লিখন"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "piša", "sense": "to write", "word": "пиша"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to write", "word": "schrijven"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to write", "word": "kynäillä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to write", "word": "écrire"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to write", "word": "niederschreiben"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to write", "word": "verfassen"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to write", "word": "scrivere"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nûsîn", "sense": "to write", "word": "نووسین"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pišuva", "sense": "to write", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "пишува"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to write", "word": "skrive"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to write", "word": "føre i pennen"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to write", "word": "pisać"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to write", "word": "escrever"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pisátʹ", "sense": "to write", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "писа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "napisátʹ", "sense": "to write", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "написа́ть"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to write", "word": "escribir"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to write", "word": "kaleme almak"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to write", "word": "yazmak"}], "word": "pen"}

pen (English verb) pen/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Eastern Min terms with redundant transliterations", "English 3-letter words", "English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Anglo-Norman", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peth₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 22 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for gender in Gujarati entries", "Requests for gender in Tigrinya entries", "Rhymes:English/ɛn", "Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Buryat translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Coptic translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Egyptian translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Fula translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Jin translations", "Terms with Kalmyk translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikuyu translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Luganda translations", "Terms with Luhya translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Meru translations", "Terms with Mokilese translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pannonian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Rade translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tigrinya translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Xiang translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "en:Animal body parts", "en:Female animals", "en:Prison", "en:Swans", "en:Walls and fences", "en:Writing instruments"], "derived": [{"word": "copen"}, {"word": "co-pen"}, {"word": "repen"}, {"word": "re-pen"}], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "pen-writing_tool-feather-wing"}, "expansion": "", "name": "etymid"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*peth₂-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "penne"}, "expansion": "Middle English penne", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "xno", "3": "penne"}, "expansion": "Anglo-Norman penne", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "penne"}, "expansion": "Old French penne", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "penna", "t": "feather"}, "expansion": "Latin penna (“feather”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*péth₂r̥", "4": "*péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én-", "t": "feather, wing"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "πτερόν", "t": "wing"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sa", "2": "पत्रम्", "t": "wing, feather"}, "expansion": "Sanskrit पत्रम् (patram, “wing, feather”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "перо", "t": "pen"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “pen”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "non", "2": "fjǫðr"}, "expansion": "Old Norse fjǫðr", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "feðer"}, "expansion": "Old English feðer", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "panne", "3": "penna", "4": "pinna"}, "expansion": "Doublet of panne, penna, and pinna", "name": "doublet"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English penne, from Anglo-Norman penne, from Old French penne, from Latin penna (“feather”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to rush, fly”) (from which petition). Proto-Indo-European base also root of *petra-, from which Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”) (whence pterodactyl), Sanskrit पत्रम् (patram, “wing, feather”), Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “pen”), Old Norse fjǫðr, Old English feðer (Modern English feather); note the /p/ → /f/ Germanic sound change.\nDoublet of panne, penna, and pinna. See feather and πέτομαι (pétomai) for more.", "forms": [{"form": "pens", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "penning", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "pen (third-person singular simple present pens, present participle penning, simple past and past participle penned)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Nonuel:", "text": "Prying open the crate, you discover a carefully wrapped, handwritten copy of one of Matriarch Dilinaga's treatises. It is unlikely she penned it herself, but the flowing brushwork and intricate watercolor illustrations clearly show the hand of a master scribe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2021 February 9, Christina Newland, “Is Tom Hanks part of a dying breed of genuine movie stars?”, in BBC:", "text": "His two most recent films are last year's Greyhound, a Hanks-penned World War Two thriller in which he plays a naval commander, and now News of the World, a Western set in the years immediately following the close of the US Civil War, directed by Paul Greengrass, which is premiering around the world on Netflix tomorrow.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2021 December 29, Conrad Landin, “Glasgow Subway: a city institution”, in RAIL, number 947, page 45:", "text": "It was in this era, too, that author and Scotland the Brave songwriter Cliff Hanley penned The Glasgow Underground, a tongue-in-cheek love letter to the Subway in song.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To write (an article, a book, etc.)."], "links": [["write", "write"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To write (an article, a book, etc.)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/pɛn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-us-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg/En-us-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/pɪn/", "tags": ["pin-pen-merger"]}, {"homophone": "pin (pin–pen merger)"}, {"rhymes": "-ɛn"}], "translations": [{"code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "lekha", "sense": "to write", "word": "লেখা"}, {"code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "likhon", "sense": "to write", "word": "লিখন"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "piša", "sense": "to write", "word": "пиша"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to write", "word": "schrijven"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to write", "word": "kynäillä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to write", "word": "écrire"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to write", "word": "niederschreiben"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to write", "word": "verfassen"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to write", "word": "scrivere"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nûsîn", "sense": "to write", "word": "نووسین"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pišuva", "sense": "to write", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "пишува"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to write", "word": "skrive"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to write", "word": "føre i pennen"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to write", "word": "pisać"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to write", "word": "escrever"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pisátʹ", "sense": "to write", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "писа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "napisátʹ", "sense": "to write", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "написа́ть"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to write", "word": "escribir"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to write", "word": "kaleme almak"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to write", "word": "yazmak"}], "word": "pen"}

pen/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English 3-letter words", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 22 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ɛn", "Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "en:Animal body parts", "en:Female animals", "en:Prison", "en:Swans", "en:Walls and fences", "en:Writing instruments"], "derived": [{"word": "pen up"}, {"word": "pent"}, {"word": "pent-up"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "pen-enclose-close-lock-bolt"}, "expansion": "", "name": "etymid"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "pennen"}, "expansion": "Middle English pennen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "*pennian", "pos": "attested in <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">onpennian</i> (“to open”)", "t": "to close, lock, bolt"}, "expansion": "Old English *pennian (“to close, lock, bolt”, attested in onpennian (“to open”))", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "pennen", "t": "to secure a door with a bolt"}, "expansion": "Low German pennen (“to secure a door with a bolt”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English pennen, from Old English *pennian (“to close, lock, bolt”, attested in onpennian (“to open”)), derived from penn (see above). Akin to Low German pennen (“to secure a door with a bolt”).", "forms": [{"form": "pens", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "penning", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "pent", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "pent", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"past2": "pent"}, "expansion": "pen (third-person singular simple present pens, present participle penning, simple past and past participle penned or pent)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "Watching where shepherds pen their flocks at eve.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To enclose in a pen."], "links": [["enclose", "enclose"], ["pen", "#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To enclose in a pen."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/pɛn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-us-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg/En-us-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/pɪn/", "tags": ["pin-pen-merger"]}, {"homophone": "pin (pin–pen merger)"}, {"rhymes": "-ɛn"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "vkarvam v košara", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "вкарвам в кошара"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "karsinoida"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "sulkea karsinaan"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "sulkea selliin"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "einsperren"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "einpferchen"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "mantróno", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "μαντρώνω"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "recintare"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "innhegne"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "innhegne"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "prender"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "enclausurar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zapirátʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "запира́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaperétʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "запере́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaključátʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "заключа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaključítʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "заключи́ть"}], "word": "pen"}

pen (English verb) pen/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English 3-letter words", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 22 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ɛn", "Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "en:Animal body parts", "en:Female animals", "en:Prison", "en:Swans", "en:Walls and fences", "en:Writing instruments"], "derived": [{"word": "pen up"}, {"word": "pent"}, {"word": "pent-up"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "pen-enclose-close-lock-bolt"}, "expansion": "", "name": "etymid"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "pennen"}, "expansion": "Middle English pennen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "*pennian", "pos": "attested in <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">onpennian</i> (“to open”)", "t": "to close, lock, bolt"}, "expansion": "Old English *pennian (“to close, lock, bolt”, attested in onpennian (“to open”))", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "pennen", "t": "to secure a door with a bolt"}, "expansion": "Low German pennen (“to secure a door with a bolt”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English pennen, from Old English *pennian (“to close, lock, bolt”, attested in onpennian (“to open”)), derived from penn (see above). Akin to Low German pennen (“to secure a door with a bolt”).", "forms": [{"form": "pens", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "penning", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "penned", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "pent", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "pent", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"past2": "pent"}, "expansion": "pen (third-person singular simple present pens, present participle penning, simple past and past participle penned or pent)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "Watching where shepherds pen their flocks at eve.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To enclose in a pen."], "links": [["enclose", "enclose"], ["pen", "#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To enclose in a pen."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/pɛn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-us-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg/En-us-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/En-us-pen.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/En-us-inlandnorth-pen.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/pɪn/", "tags": ["pin-pen-merger"]}, {"homophone": "pin (pin–pen merger)"}, {"rhymes": "-ɛn"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "vkarvam v košara", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "вкарвам в кошара"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "karsinoida"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "sulkea karsinaan"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "sulkea selliin"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "einsperren"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "einpferchen"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "mantróno", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "μαντρώνω"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "recintare"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "innhegne"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "innhegne"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "prender"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to enclose", "word": "enclausurar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zapirátʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "запира́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaperétʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "запере́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaključátʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "заключа́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaključítʹ", "sense": "to enclose", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "заключи́ть"}], "word": "pen"}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (f2d86ce and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.