Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

saw/English/verb

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saw/English/verb: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {"code": "ase", "lang": "American Sign Language", "note": "A@InsideShoulderhigh-PalmBack-FlatB@NearCenterChesthigh-PalmDown Frontandback", "sense": "cut with a saw"}: {"categories": ["American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English irregular simple past forms", "English irregular verbs", "English lemmas", "English links with redundant alt parameters", "English links with redundant wikilinks", "English non-lemma forms", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sek-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with homophones", "English verb forms", "English verbs", "English verbs with weak preterite but strong past participle", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 7 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ɔː", "Rhymes:English/ɔː/1 syllable", "Terms with Aghwan translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with American Sign Language translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Baluchi translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Biatah Bidayuh translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Cheyenne translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Coptic translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Daur translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dongxiang translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with East Yugur translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Extremaduran translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German Low German translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Higaonon translations", "Terms with Hiligaynon translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Hunsrik translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ida'an translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Kalmyk translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Ligurian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Maguindanao translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Mansaka translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Minangkabau translations", "Terms with Mingrelian translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Nanai translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Nivkh translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Piedmontese translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Rohingya translations", "Terms with Romagnol translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Southern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tarantino translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Carpentry", "en:Saws", "en:Tools"], "derived": [{"word": "saw gourds"}, {"word": "saw logs"}, {"word": "saw off"}, {"word": "saw off the branch one is sitting on"}, {"word": "saw the baby in half"}, {"word": "saw wood"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*sek-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "sawe"}, "expansion": "Middle English sawe", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "saga"}, "expansion": "Old English saga", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*sagu"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sagu", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*sagô"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sagô", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*sek-", "t": "to cut"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "seage", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "West Frisian seage (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "zaag", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "Dutch zaag (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Säge", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "German Säge (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "sav", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "Danish sav (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "såg", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "Swedish såg (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "sög", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "Icelandic sög (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "secō", "t": "cut"}, "expansion": "Latin secō (“cut”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "it", "2": "sega", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "Italian sega (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "sawen"}, "expansion": "Middle English sawen", "name": "inh"}], "etymology_text": "The noun from Middle English sawe, sawgh, from Old English saga, sagu (“saw”), from Proto-West Germanic *sagu, from Proto-Germanic *sagô, *sagō (“saw”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”).\nCognate with West Frisian seage (“saw”), Dutch zaag (“saw”), German Säge (“saw”), Danish sav (“saw”), Swedish såg (“saw”), Icelandic sög (“saw”), and through Indo-European, with Latin secō (“cut”) and Italian sega (“saw”).\nThe verb from Middle English sawen, from the noun above.", "forms": [{"form": "saws", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "sawing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "sawed", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "sawed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "sawn", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"past_ptc2": "sawn"}, "expansion": "saw (third-person singular simple present saws, present participle sawing, simple past sawed, past participle sawed or sawn)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Hebrews 11:37:", "text": "They were stoned, they were sawen asunder, were tempted, were slaine with the sword: they wandered about in sheepskinnes, and goat skins, being destitute, afflicted, tormented.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To cut (something) with a saw."], "links": [["cut", "cut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cut (something) with a saw."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1835, James Hogg, The Story of Euphemia Hewit:", "text": "He said he was sometimes whistling a tune to himself — for, like me, he sawed a good deal on the fiddle; […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To make a motion back and forth similar to cutting something with a saw."], "links": [["motion", "motion"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To make a motion back and forth similar to cutting something with a saw."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "The timber saws smoothly.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To be cut with a saw."], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To be cut with a saw."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "to saw boards or planks (i.e. to saw logs or timber into boards or planks)", "type": "example"}, {"text": "to saw shingles", "type": "example"}, {"text": "to saw out a panel", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To form or produce (something) by cutting with a saw."], "links": [["form", "form"], ["produce", "produce"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To form or produce (something) by cutting with a saw."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "sô", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/ˈsɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "sô", "tags": ["US"]}, {"ipa": "/ˈsɔ/", "tags": ["US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-saw.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/En-us-saw.ogg/En-us-saw.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/En-us-saw.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ˈsɔɹ]", "note": "US, intrusive r, New England"}, {"enpr": "sä", "tags": ["cot-caught-merger"]}, {"ipa": "/ˈsɑ/", "tags": ["cot-caught-merger"]}, {"ipa": "/ˈsɑl/", "note": "rare, idiosyncratic, past tense of see (for example, as used by Dina Cappiello of the Associated Press)"}, {"homophone": "soar"}, {"homophone": "sore (non-rhotic, horse–hoarse merger)"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː"}], "translations": [{"code": "ase", "lang": "American Sign Language", "note": "A@InsideShoulderhigh-PalmBack-FlatB@NearCenterChesthigh-PalmDown Frontandback", "sense": "cut with a saw"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "našara", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "نَشَرَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "sġocʻel", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "սղոցել"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "nsher"}, {"code": "ast", "lang": "Asturian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrar"}, {"code": "bth", "lang": "Biatah Bidayuh", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "gŭrŭt"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "reža s trion", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "режа с трион"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrar"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "goe³", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "鋸 /锯"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jù", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "鋸 /锯"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "řezat"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "save"}, {"code": "dta", "lang": "Daur", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "kireedgw"}, {"code": "dlg", "lang": "Dolgan", "roman": "erbee", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "эрбээ"}, {"code": "sce", "lang": "Dongxiang", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "qiroujie"}, {"code": "sce", "lang": "Dongxiang", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "qiroulie"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "zagen"}, {"code": "yuy", "lang": "East Yugur", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "küreedegi"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "segi"}, {"code": "evn", "lang": "Evenki", "roman": "hunami", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "хунами"}, {"code": "ext", "lang": "Extremaduran", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sahal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sahata"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "scier"}, {"code": "fur", "lang": "Friulian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "seâ"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrar"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sägen"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prionízo", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "πριονίζω"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "prízō", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "πρίζω"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "príō", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "πρίω"}, {"code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "pilattorpoq"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "fűrészel"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "saga"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "segare"}, {"alt": "ひく", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "hiku", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "挽く"}, {"alt": "きる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kiru", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "切る"}, {"code": "xal", "lang": "Kalmyk", "roman": "körädx", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "көрәдх"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "kyeoda", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "켜다"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sseolda", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "썰다"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "mişar kirin"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "bi mişarê birrîn"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrare"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "zāģēt"}, {"code": "nds-de", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["German-Low-German"], "word": "sagen"}, {"code": "lb", "lang": "Luxembourgish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "seeën"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pili", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "пили"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "menggergaji"}, {"code": "mnc", "lang": "Manchu", "roman": "fufumbi", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "ᡶᡠᡶᡠᠮᠪᡳ"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "kanikani"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "note": "with the grain of timber, rip saw", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "kani haratua"}, {"code": "mi", "english": "across the grain of timber, cross cut", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "kani tāmaku"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "xöröödöx", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "хөрөөдөх"}, {"code": "gld", "lang": "Nanai", "roman": "pori", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "пори"}, {"code": "se", "lang": "Northern Sami", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sahet"}, {"code": "se", "lang": "Northern Sami", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sahát"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sage"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "ressar"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "ressegar"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrar"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "arre kardan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "اره کردن"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "piłować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "przepiłowywać"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "przepiłować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "rżnąć"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "przerżnąć"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrar"}, {"code": "rgn", "lang": "Romagnol", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "ṣghêr"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "fierăstrui"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "ferestrui"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "resgiar"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "rasgear"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "razger"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "rasger"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pilítʹ", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "пили́ть"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sàbh"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "пилити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "жагати"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "piliti"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "žagati"}, {"code": "scn", "lang": "Sicilian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sirrari"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "žagati"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "såga"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "segar"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "siegar"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "cưa"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "soyî"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "llifio"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "zegn", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "זעגן"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "goe³", "sense": "make a motion back and forth as with a saw", "word": "鋸 /锯"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "make a motion back and forth as with a saw", "word": "sahata"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prionízo", "sense": "make a motion back and forth as with a saw", "word": "πριονίζω"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "note": "e.g. violin", "roman": "kyeoda", "sense": "make a motion back and forth as with a saw", "word": "켜다"}], "wikipedia": ["saw"], "word": "saw"}

saw (English verb) saw/English/verb: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {"code": "ase", "lang": "American Sign Language", "note": "A@InsideShoulderhigh-PalmBack-FlatB@NearCenterChesthigh-PalmDown Frontandback", "sense": "cut with a saw"}: {"categories": ["American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English irregular simple past forms", "English irregular verbs", "English lemmas", "English links with redundant alt parameters", "English links with redundant wikilinks", "English non-lemma forms", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sek-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with homophones", "English verb forms", "English verbs", "English verbs with weak preterite but strong past participle", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 7 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ɔː", "Rhymes:English/ɔː/1 syllable", "Terms with Aghwan translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with American Sign Language translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Baluchi translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Biatah Bidayuh translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Cheyenne translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Coptic translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Daur translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dongxiang translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with East Yugur translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Extremaduran translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German Low German translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Higaonon translations", "Terms with Hiligaynon translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Hunsrik translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ida'an translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Kalmyk translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Ligurian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Maguindanao translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Mansaka translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Minangkabau translations", "Terms with Mingrelian translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Nanai translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Nivkh translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Piedmontese translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Rohingya translations", "Terms with Romagnol translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Southern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tarantino translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Carpentry", "en:Saws", "en:Tools"], "derived": [{"word": "saw gourds"}, {"word": "saw logs"}, {"word": "saw off"}, {"word": "saw off the branch one is sitting on"}, {"word": "saw the baby in half"}, {"word": "saw wood"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*sek-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "sawe"}, "expansion": "Middle English sawe", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "saga"}, "expansion": "Old English saga", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*sagu"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sagu", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*sagô"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sagô", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*sek-", "t": "to cut"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "seage", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "West Frisian seage (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "zaag", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "Dutch zaag (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Säge", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "German Säge (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "sav", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "Danish sav (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "såg", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "Swedish såg (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "sög", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "Icelandic sög (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "secō", "t": "cut"}, "expansion": "Latin secō (“cut”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "it", "2": "sega", "t": "saw"}, "expansion": "Italian sega (“saw”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "sawen"}, "expansion": "Middle English sawen", "name": "inh"}], "etymology_text": "The noun from Middle English sawe, sawgh, from Old English saga, sagu (“saw”), from Proto-West Germanic *sagu, from Proto-Germanic *sagô, *sagō (“saw”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”).\nCognate with West Frisian seage (“saw”), Dutch zaag (“saw”), German Säge (“saw”), Danish sav (“saw”), Swedish såg (“saw”), Icelandic sög (“saw”), and through Indo-European, with Latin secō (“cut”) and Italian sega (“saw”).\nThe verb from Middle English sawen, from the noun above.", "forms": [{"form": "saws", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "sawing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "sawed", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "sawed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "sawn", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"past_ptc2": "sawn"}, "expansion": "saw (third-person singular simple present saws, present participle sawing, simple past sawed, past participle sawed or sawn)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Hebrews 11:37:", "text": "They were stoned, they were sawen asunder, were tempted, were slaine with the sword: they wandered about in sheepskinnes, and goat skins, being destitute, afflicted, tormented.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To cut (something) with a saw."], "links": [["cut", "cut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cut (something) with a saw."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1835, James Hogg, The Story of Euphemia Hewit:", "text": "He said he was sometimes whistling a tune to himself — for, like me, he sawed a good deal on the fiddle; […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To make a motion back and forth similar to cutting something with a saw."], "links": [["motion", "motion"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To make a motion back and forth similar to cutting something with a saw."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "The timber saws smoothly.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To be cut with a saw."], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To be cut with a saw."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "to saw boards or planks (i.e. to saw logs or timber into boards or planks)", "type": "example"}, {"text": "to saw shingles", "type": "example"}, {"text": "to saw out a panel", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To form or produce (something) by cutting with a saw."], "links": [["form", "form"], ["produce", "produce"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To form or produce (something) by cutting with a saw."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "sô", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/ˈsɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "sô", "tags": ["US"]}, {"ipa": "/ˈsɔ/", "tags": ["US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-saw.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/En-us-saw.ogg/En-us-saw.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/En-us-saw.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ˈsɔɹ]", "note": "US, intrusive r, New England"}, {"enpr": "sä", "tags": ["cot-caught-merger"]}, {"ipa": "/ˈsɑ/", "tags": ["cot-caught-merger"]}, {"ipa": "/ˈsɑl/", "note": "rare, idiosyncratic, past tense of see (for example, as used by Dina Cappiello of the Associated Press)"}, {"homophone": "soar"}, {"homophone": "sore (non-rhotic, horse–hoarse merger)"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː"}], "translations": [{"code": "ase", "lang": "American Sign Language", "note": "A@InsideShoulderhigh-PalmBack-FlatB@NearCenterChesthigh-PalmDown Frontandback", "sense": "cut with a saw"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "našara", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "نَشَرَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "sġocʻel", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "սղոցել"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "nsher"}, {"code": "ast", "lang": "Asturian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrar"}, {"code": "bth", "lang": "Biatah Bidayuh", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "gŭrŭt"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "reža s trion", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "режа с трион"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrar"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "goe³", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "鋸 /锯"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jù", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "鋸 /锯"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "řezat"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "save"}, {"code": "dta", "lang": "Daur", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "kireedgw"}, {"code": "dlg", "lang": "Dolgan", "roman": "erbee", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "эрбээ"}, {"code": "sce", "lang": "Dongxiang", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "qiroujie"}, {"code": "sce", "lang": "Dongxiang", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "qiroulie"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "zagen"}, {"code": "yuy", "lang": "East Yugur", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "küreedegi"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "segi"}, {"code": "evn", "lang": "Evenki", "roman": "hunami", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "хунами"}, {"code": "ext", "lang": "Extremaduran", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sahal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sahata"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "scier"}, {"code": "fur", "lang": "Friulian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "seâ"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrar"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sägen"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prionízo", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "πριονίζω"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "prízō", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "πρίζω"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "príō", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "πρίω"}, {"code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "pilattorpoq"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "fűrészel"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "saga"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "segare"}, {"alt": "ひく", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "hiku", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "挽く"}, {"alt": "きる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kiru", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "切る"}, {"code": "xal", "lang": "Kalmyk", "roman": "körädx", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "көрәдх"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "kyeoda", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "켜다"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sseolda", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "썰다"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "mişar kirin"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "bi mişarê birrîn"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrare"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "zāģēt"}, {"code": "nds-de", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["German-Low-German"], "word": "sagen"}, {"code": "lb", "lang": "Luxembourgish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "seeën"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pili", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "пили"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "menggergaji"}, {"code": "mnc", "lang": "Manchu", "roman": "fufumbi", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "ᡶᡠᡶᡠᠮᠪᡳ"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "kanikani"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "note": "with the grain of timber, rip saw", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "kani haratua"}, {"code": "mi", "english": "across the grain of timber, cross cut", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "kani tāmaku"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "xöröödöx", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "хөрөөдөх"}, {"code": "gld", "lang": "Nanai", "roman": "pori", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "пори"}, {"code": "se", "lang": "Northern Sami", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sahet"}, {"code": "se", "lang": "Northern Sami", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sahát"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sage"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "ressar"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "ressegar"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrar"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "arre kardan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "اره کردن"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "piłować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "przepiłowywać"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "przepiłować"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "rżnąć"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "przerżnąć"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrar"}, {"code": "rgn", "lang": "Romagnol", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "ṣghêr"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "fierăstrui"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "ferestrui"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "resgiar"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "rasgear"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "razger"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "rasger"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pilítʹ", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "пили́ть"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sàbh"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "пилити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "жагати"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "piliti"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "žagati"}, {"code": "scn", "lang": "Sicilian", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "sirrari"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "žagati"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "serrar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "såga"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "segar"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "siegar"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "cưa"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "soyî"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "llifio"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "zegn", "sense": "cut with a saw", "word": "זעגן"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "goe³", "sense": "make a motion back and forth as with a saw", "word": "鋸 /锯"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "make a motion back and forth as with a saw", "word": "sahata"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prionízo", "sense": "make a motion back and forth as with a saw", "word": "πριονίζω"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "note": "e.g. violin", "roman": "kyeoda", "sense": "make a motion back and forth as with a saw", "word": "켜다"}], "wikipedia": ["saw"], "word": "saw"}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (f2d86ce and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.