Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

stroke/English/verb

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stroke/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English contranyms", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *streyg-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/əʊk", "Rhymes:English/əʊk/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Diacritical marks", "en:Punctuation marks"], "derived": [{"word": "stroke out"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*streyg-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "strok"}, "expansion": "Middle English strok", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "strāc"}, "expansion": "Old English strāc", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*straik"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *straik", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*straikaz", "t": "stroke"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*streyg-", "t": "to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "1"}, "expansion": "¹", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "contraction"}, "expansion": "contraction", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "2"}, "expansion": "²", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Streich", "t": "stroke"}, "expansion": "German Streich (“stroke”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "strēk", "t": "stroke, trick, prank"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German strēk (“stroke, trick, prank”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "strak"}, "expansion": "Scots strak", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English strok, stroke (“blow from a weapon, cut”), from Old English strāc, from Proto-West Germanic *straik, from Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”), from Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike”).\nSense 3.6.2.2 (“the oblique, slash, or virgule (‘/’)”) is a contraction of oblique stroke, a variant of oblique which was originally used in telegraphy.\nThe verb is derived from the noun.\nCognates\n* German Streich (“stroke”)\n* Middle Low German strēk (“stroke, trick, prank”)\n* Scots strak, strake, straik (“blow, stroke”)", "forms": [{"form": "strokes", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "stroking", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To draw the horizontal line across the upright part (of the letter t)."], "links": [["horizontal", "horizontal#Adjective"], ["upright", "upright#Adjective"], ["part", "part#Noun"], ["letter", "letter#Noun"], ["t", "t#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "To draw the horizontal line across the upright part (of the letter t)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Followed by out or through: to draw a line or lines through (text) to indicate that it is deleted; to cancel, to strike or strike out."], "links": [["out", "out#Adverb"], ["through", "through#Adverb"], ["draw", "draw#Verb"], ["line", "line#Noun"], ["text", "text#Noun"], ["indicate", "indicate"], ["deleted", "delete#Verb"], ["cancel", "cancel#Verb"], ["strike", "strike#Verb"], ["strike out", "strike out"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "Followed by out or through: to draw a line or lines through (text) to indicate that it is deleted; to cancel, to strike or strike out."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English poetic terms", "English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Of a bell or clock: to chime or sound to indicate (the hour, the time, etc.)."], "links": [["bell", "bell#Noun"], ["clock", "clock#Noun"], ["chime", "chime#Verb"], ["sound", "sound#Verb"], ["indicate", "indicate"], ["hour", "hour"], ["time", "time#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(poetic, rare) Of a bell or clock: to chime or sound to indicate (the hour, the time, etc.)."], "tags": ["poetic", "rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To mark (something) with lines or stripes; to stripe."], "links": [["mark", "mark#Verb"], ["stripes", "stripe#Noun"], ["stripe", "stripe#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rare) To mark (something) with lines or stripes; to stripe."], "tags": ["rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Ball games"], "glosses": ["To hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; also, to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so."], "links": [["ball game", "ball game"], ["hit", "hit#Verb"], ["kick", "kick#Verb"], ["ball", "ball#Noun"], ["flowing", "flowing#Adjective"], ["smooth", "smooth#Adjective"], ["motion", "motion#Noun"], ["score", "score#Verb"], ["goal", "goal"], ["point", "point#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(ball games) To hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; also, to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["ball-games", "games", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Rowing"], "glosses": ["Of a rower or a crew: to row at (a rate of a certain number of strokes (“movements of the oar through water”) per minute)."], "links": [["rowing", "rowing#Noun"], ["rower", "rower"], ["crew", "crew#Noun"], ["row", "row#Verb"], ["rate", "rate#Noun"], ["number", "number#Noun"], ["strokes", "stroke#English"], ["movement", "movement"], ["oar", "oar#Noun"], ["water", "water#Noun"], ["minute", "minute#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rowing)", "Of a rower or a crew: to row at (a rate of a certain number of strokes (“movements of the oar through water”) per minute)."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "rowing", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "en:Rowing"], "examples": [{"text": "to stroke a boat", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To act as the stroke (“rower who is nearest the stern of the boat, the movement of whose oar sets the rowing rhythm for the other rowers”) of (a boat or its crew)."], "links": [["rowing", "rowing#Noun"], ["stroke", "stroke#English"], ["nearest", "near#Adjective"], ["stern", "stern#Noun"], ["sets", "set#Verb"], ["rhythm", "rhythm"], ["boat", "boat#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rowing)", "To act as the stroke (“rower who is nearest the stern of the boat, the movement of whose oar sets the rowing rhythm for the other rowers”) of (a boat or its crew)."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "rowing", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Swimming"], "glosses": ["To strike (the water) with one's arms and legs when swimming."], "links": [["swimming", "swimming#Noun"], ["strike", "strike#Verb"], ["arms", "arm#Noun"], ["legs", "leg#Noun"], ["swimming", "swim#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(swimming) To strike (the water) with one's arms and legs when swimming."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports", "swimming"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To depict (something) with a paintbrush."], "links": [["depict", "depict#Verb"], ["paintbrush", "paintbrush"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(obsolete) To depict (something) with a paintbrush."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Medicine"], "glosses": ["Chiefly followed by out: to suffer loss of brain function when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted; to have a stroke (noun sense 4)."], "links": [["medicine", "medicine"], ["suffer", "suffer"], ["loss", "loss#Noun"], ["brain", "brain#Noun"], ["function", "function#Noun"], ["blood supply", "blood supply"], ["suddenly", "suddenly"], ["interrupted", "interrupt#Verb"], ["stroke", "stroke#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive)", "(medicine) Chiefly followed by out: to suffer loss of brain function when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted; to have a stroke (noun sense 4)."], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["medicine", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Swimming"], "glosses": ["To swim by making co-ordinated movements with the arms and legs."], "links": [["swimming", "swimming#Noun"], ["making", "make#Verb"], ["co-ordinated", "coordinated"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive)", "(swimming) To swim by making co-ordinated movements with the arms and legs."], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports", "swimming"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/stɹəʊk/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "strōk", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹoʊk/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"ipa": "/stɾʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"audio": "En-us-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg/En-us-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg/En-au-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊk"}], "translations": [{"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so", "word": "pyyhkäistä"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so", "word": "slå"}], "word": "stroke"}

stroke (English verb) stroke/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English contranyms", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *streyg-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/əʊk", "Rhymes:English/əʊk/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Diacritical marks", "en:Punctuation marks"], "derived": [{"word": "stroke out"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*streyg-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "strok"}, "expansion": "Middle English strok", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "strāc"}, "expansion": "Old English strāc", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*straik"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *straik", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*straikaz", "t": "stroke"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*streyg-", "t": "to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "1"}, "expansion": "¹", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "contraction"}, "expansion": "contraction", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "2"}, "expansion": "²", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Streich", "t": "stroke"}, "expansion": "German Streich (“stroke”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "strēk", "t": "stroke, trick, prank"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German strēk (“stroke, trick, prank”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "strak"}, "expansion": "Scots strak", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English strok, stroke (“blow from a weapon, cut”), from Old English strāc, from Proto-West Germanic *straik, from Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”), from Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike”).\nSense 3.6.2.2 (“the oblique, slash, or virgule (‘/’)”) is a contraction of oblique stroke, a variant of oblique which was originally used in telegraphy.\nThe verb is derived from the noun.\nCognates\n* German Streich (“stroke”)\n* Middle Low German strēk (“stroke, trick, prank”)\n* Scots strak, strake, straik (“blow, stroke”)", "forms": [{"form": "strokes", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "stroking", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To draw the horizontal line across the upright part (of the letter t)."], "links": [["horizontal", "horizontal#Adjective"], ["upright", "upright#Adjective"], ["part", "part#Noun"], ["letter", "letter#Noun"], ["t", "t#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "To draw the horizontal line across the upright part (of the letter t)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Followed by out or through: to draw a line or lines through (text) to indicate that it is deleted; to cancel, to strike or strike out."], "links": [["out", "out#Adverb"], ["through", "through#Adverb"], ["draw", "draw#Verb"], ["line", "line#Noun"], ["text", "text#Noun"], ["indicate", "indicate"], ["deleted", "delete#Verb"], ["cancel", "cancel#Verb"], ["strike", "strike#Verb"], ["strike out", "strike out"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "Followed by out or through: to draw a line or lines through (text) to indicate that it is deleted; to cancel, to strike or strike out."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English poetic terms", "English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Of a bell or clock: to chime or sound to indicate (the hour, the time, etc.)."], "links": [["bell", "bell#Noun"], ["clock", "clock#Noun"], ["chime", "chime#Verb"], ["sound", "sound#Verb"], ["indicate", "indicate"], ["hour", "hour"], ["time", "time#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(poetic, rare) Of a bell or clock: to chime or sound to indicate (the hour, the time, etc.)."], "tags": ["poetic", "rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To mark (something) with lines or stripes; to stripe."], "links": [["mark", "mark#Verb"], ["stripes", "stripe#Noun"], ["stripe", "stripe#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rare) To mark (something) with lines or stripes; to stripe."], "tags": ["rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Ball games"], "glosses": ["To hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; also, to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so."], "links": [["ball game", "ball game"], ["hit", "hit#Verb"], ["kick", "kick#Verb"], ["ball", "ball#Noun"], ["flowing", "flowing#Adjective"], ["smooth", "smooth#Adjective"], ["motion", "motion#Noun"], ["score", "score#Verb"], ["goal", "goal"], ["point", "point#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(ball games) To hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; also, to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["ball-games", "games", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Rowing"], "glosses": ["Of a rower or a crew: to row at (a rate of a certain number of strokes (“movements of the oar through water”) per minute)."], "links": [["rowing", "rowing#Noun"], ["rower", "rower"], ["crew", "crew#Noun"], ["row", "row#Verb"], ["rate", "rate#Noun"], ["number", "number#Noun"], ["strokes", "stroke#English"], ["movement", "movement"], ["oar", "oar#Noun"], ["water", "water#Noun"], ["minute", "minute#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rowing)", "Of a rower or a crew: to row at (a rate of a certain number of strokes (“movements of the oar through water”) per minute)."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "rowing", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "en:Rowing"], "examples": [{"text": "to stroke a boat", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To act as the stroke (“rower who is nearest the stern of the boat, the movement of whose oar sets the rowing rhythm for the other rowers”) of (a boat or its crew)."], "links": [["rowing", "rowing#Noun"], ["stroke", "stroke#English"], ["nearest", "near#Adjective"], ["stern", "stern#Noun"], ["sets", "set#Verb"], ["rhythm", "rhythm"], ["boat", "boat#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rowing)", "To act as the stroke (“rower who is nearest the stern of the boat, the movement of whose oar sets the rowing rhythm for the other rowers”) of (a boat or its crew)."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "rowing", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Swimming"], "glosses": ["To strike (the water) with one's arms and legs when swimming."], "links": [["swimming", "swimming#Noun"], ["strike", "strike#Verb"], ["arms", "arm#Noun"], ["legs", "leg#Noun"], ["swimming", "swim#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(swimming) To strike (the water) with one's arms and legs when swimming."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports", "swimming"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To depict (something) with a paintbrush."], "links": [["depict", "depict#Verb"], ["paintbrush", "paintbrush"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(obsolete) To depict (something) with a paintbrush."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Medicine"], "glosses": ["Chiefly followed by out: to suffer loss of brain function when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted; to have a stroke (noun sense 4)."], "links": [["medicine", "medicine"], ["suffer", "suffer"], ["loss", "loss#Noun"], ["brain", "brain#Noun"], ["function", "function#Noun"], ["blood supply", "blood supply"], ["suddenly", "suddenly"], ["interrupted", "interrupt#Verb"], ["stroke", "stroke#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive)", "(medicine) Chiefly followed by out: to suffer loss of brain function when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted; to have a stroke (noun sense 4)."], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["medicine", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Swimming"], "glosses": ["To swim by making co-ordinated movements with the arms and legs."], "links": [["swimming", "swimming#Noun"], ["making", "make#Verb"], ["co-ordinated", "coordinated"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive)", "(swimming) To swim by making co-ordinated movements with the arms and legs."], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports", "swimming"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/stɹəʊk/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "strōk", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹoʊk/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"ipa": "/stɾʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"audio": "En-us-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg/En-us-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg/En-au-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊk"}], "translations": [{"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so", "word": "pyyhkäistä"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so", "word": "slå"}], "word": "stroke"}

stroke (English verb) stroke/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English contranyms", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *streyg-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/əʊk", "Rhymes:English/əʊk/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Diacritical marks", "en:Punctuation marks"], "derived": [{"word": "stroke out"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*streyg-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "strok"}, "expansion": "Middle English strok", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "strāc"}, "expansion": "Old English strāc", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*straik"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *straik", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*straikaz", "t": "stroke"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*streyg-", "t": "to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "1"}, "expansion": "¹", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "contraction"}, "expansion": "contraction", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "2"}, "expansion": "²", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Streich", "t": "stroke"}, "expansion": "German Streich (“stroke”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "strēk", "t": "stroke, trick, prank"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German strēk (“stroke, trick, prank”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "strak"}, "expansion": "Scots strak", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English strok, stroke (“blow from a weapon, cut”), from Old English strāc, from Proto-West Germanic *straik, from Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”), from Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike”).\nSense 3.6.2.2 (“the oblique, slash, or virgule (‘/’)”) is a contraction of oblique stroke, a variant of oblique which was originally used in telegraphy.\nThe verb is derived from the noun.\nCognates\n* German Streich (“stroke”)\n* Middle Low German strēk (“stroke, trick, prank”)\n* Scots strak, strake, straik (“blow, stroke”)", "forms": [{"form": "strokes", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "stroking", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To draw the horizontal line across the upright part (of the letter t)."], "links": [["horizontal", "horizontal#Adjective"], ["upright", "upright#Adjective"], ["part", "part#Noun"], ["letter", "letter#Noun"], ["t", "t#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "To draw the horizontal line across the upright part (of the letter t)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Followed by out or through: to draw a line or lines through (text) to indicate that it is deleted; to cancel, to strike or strike out."], "links": [["out", "out#Adverb"], ["through", "through#Adverb"], ["draw", "draw#Verb"], ["line", "line#Noun"], ["text", "text#Noun"], ["indicate", "indicate"], ["deleted", "delete#Verb"], ["cancel", "cancel#Verb"], ["strike", "strike#Verb"], ["strike out", "strike out"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "Followed by out or through: to draw a line or lines through (text) to indicate that it is deleted; to cancel, to strike or strike out."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English poetic terms", "English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Of a bell or clock: to chime or sound to indicate (the hour, the time, etc.)."], "links": [["bell", "bell#Noun"], ["clock", "clock#Noun"], ["chime", "chime#Verb"], ["sound", "sound#Verb"], ["indicate", "indicate"], ["hour", "hour"], ["time", "time#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(poetic, rare) Of a bell or clock: to chime or sound to indicate (the hour, the time, etc.)."], "tags": ["poetic", "rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To mark (something) with lines or stripes; to stripe."], "links": [["mark", "mark#Verb"], ["stripes", "stripe#Noun"], ["stripe", "stripe#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rare) To mark (something) with lines or stripes; to stripe."], "tags": ["rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Ball games"], "glosses": ["To hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; also, to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so."], "links": [["ball game", "ball game"], ["hit", "hit#Verb"], ["kick", "kick#Verb"], ["ball", "ball#Noun"], ["flowing", "flowing#Adjective"], ["smooth", "smooth#Adjective"], ["motion", "motion#Noun"], ["score", "score#Verb"], ["goal", "goal"], ["point", "point#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(ball games) To hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; also, to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["ball-games", "games", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Rowing"], "glosses": ["Of a rower or a crew: to row at (a rate of a certain number of strokes (“movements of the oar through water”) per minute)."], "links": [["rowing", "rowing#Noun"], ["rower", "rower"], ["crew", "crew#Noun"], ["row", "row#Verb"], ["rate", "rate#Noun"], ["number", "number#Noun"], ["strokes", "stroke#English"], ["movement", "movement"], ["oar", "oar#Noun"], ["water", "water#Noun"], ["minute", "minute#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rowing)", "Of a rower or a crew: to row at (a rate of a certain number of strokes (“movements of the oar through water”) per minute)."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "rowing", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "en:Rowing"], "examples": [{"text": "to stroke a boat", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To act as the stroke (“rower who is nearest the stern of the boat, the movement of whose oar sets the rowing rhythm for the other rowers”) of (a boat or its crew)."], "links": [["rowing", "rowing#Noun"], ["stroke", "stroke#English"], ["nearest", "near#Adjective"], ["stern", "stern#Noun"], ["sets", "set#Verb"], ["rhythm", "rhythm"], ["boat", "boat#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rowing)", "To act as the stroke (“rower who is nearest the stern of the boat, the movement of whose oar sets the rowing rhythm for the other rowers”) of (a boat or its crew)."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "rowing", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Swimming"], "glosses": ["To strike (the water) with one's arms and legs when swimming."], "links": [["swimming", "swimming#Noun"], ["strike", "strike#Verb"], ["arms", "arm#Noun"], ["legs", "leg#Noun"], ["swimming", "swim#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(swimming) To strike (the water) with one's arms and legs when swimming."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports", "swimming"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To depict (something) with a paintbrush."], "links": [["depict", "depict#Verb"], ["paintbrush", "paintbrush"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(obsolete) To depict (something) with a paintbrush."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Medicine"], "glosses": ["Chiefly followed by out: to suffer loss of brain function when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted; to have a stroke (noun sense 4)."], "links": [["medicine", "medicine"], ["suffer", "suffer"], ["loss", "loss#Noun"], ["brain", "brain#Noun"], ["function", "function#Noun"], ["blood supply", "blood supply"], ["suddenly", "suddenly"], ["interrupted", "interrupt#Verb"], ["stroke", "stroke#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive)", "(medicine) Chiefly followed by out: to suffer loss of brain function when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted; to have a stroke (noun sense 4)."], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["medicine", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Swimming"], "glosses": ["To swim by making co-ordinated movements with the arms and legs."], "links": [["swimming", "swimming#Noun"], ["making", "make#Verb"], ["co-ordinated", "coordinated"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive)", "(swimming) To swim by making co-ordinated movements with the arms and legs."], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports", "swimming"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/stɹəʊk/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "strōk", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹoʊk/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"ipa": "/stɾʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"audio": "En-us-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg/En-us-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg/En-au-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊk"}], "translations": [{"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so", "word": "pyyhkäistä"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so", "word": "slå"}], "word": "stroke"}

stroke/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English contranyms", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/əʊk", "Rhymes:English/əʊk/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Diacritical marks", "en:Punctuation marks"], "derived": [{"word": "restroke"}, {"word": "strokable"}, {"word": "strokeable"}, {"tags": ["adjective"], "word": "stroked"}, {"word": "stroker"}, {"word": "unstroked"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "stroken"}, "expansion": "Middle English stroken", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "strok, stroke, (Northern England, Scotland) straike, strake, (Early Middle English) straca, stracien", "otherforms": "1"}, "expansion": "[and other forms]", "name": "nb..."}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "strācian", "t": "to stroke"}, "expansion": "Old English strācian (“to stroke”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*straikōn", "t": "to caress, stroke"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *straikōn (“to caress, stroke”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "suffix"}, "expansion": "suffix", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "1"}, "expansion": "¹", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "2"}, "expansion": "²", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "streicheln", "t": "to stroke, fondle"}, "expansion": "German streicheln (“to stroke, fondle”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "straken"}, "expansion": "German Low German straken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "strēken"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German strēken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "dum", "2": "strēken"}, "expansion": "Middle Dutch strēken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "streeken"}, "expansion": "Dutch streeken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "goh", "2": "strīhhan"}, "expansion": "Old High German strīhhan", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gmh", "2": "strīchen"}, "expansion": "Middle High German strīchen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "streichen", "t": "to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard"}, "expansion": "German streichen (“to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "strookje", "t": "to stroke; caress"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian strookje (“to stroke; caress”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "streakje", "t": "to stroke; caress"}, "expansion": "West Frisian streakje (“to stroke; caress”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "The verb is derived from Middle English stroken, straken (“to caress, fondle, pat, rub, smooth, stroke; to pass something over (someone or something); to brush or rub against;”) [and other forms], from Old English strācian (“to stroke”), from Proto-West Germanic *straikōn (“to caress, stroke”), from *straik (“a line, stroke; a dash”) (see further at etymology 1) + *-ōn (suffix forming verbs from nouns).\nThe noun is derived from the verb.\nCognates\n* German streicheln (“to stroke, fondle”)\n* German Low German straken, strieken, strakeln, striekeln (“to stroke; caress; fondle”)\n* Middle Low German strēken, Middle Dutch strēken (modern Dutch streeken)\n* Old High German strīhhan, streihhōn, Middle High German strīchen (modern German streichen (“to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard”))\n* Saterland Frisian strookje (“to stroke; caress”)\n* West Frisian streakje (“to stroke; caress”)", "forms": [{"form": "strokes", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "stroking", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["table-tags"]}, {"form": "glossary", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["inflection-template"]}, {"form": "stroke", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["infinitive"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)", "name": "en-verb"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "transitive"}, "expansion": "(transitive)", "name": "term-label"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1660 July 16 (Gregorian calendar), John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for 6 July 1660]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC, pages 323–324:", "text": "His Majestie began first to touch for yᵉ evil, according to custome, thus: his Maᵗⁱᵉ sitting under his State in yᵉ Banquetting House, the Chirurgeons cause the sick to be brought or led up to the throne, where they kneeling, yᵉ King strokes their faces or cheekes with both his hands at once, at which instant a Chaplaine in his formalities says, \"He put his hands upon them and he healed them.\"", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “Cinyras and Myrrha, out of the Tenth Book of Ovid’s Metamorphosis”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 177:", "text": "The tender Sire, vvho ſavv her bluſh, and cry, / Aſcrib'd it all to Maiden-modeſty, / And dry'd the falling Drops, and yet more kind, / He ſtroak'd her Cheeks, and holy Kiſſes join'd.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1788, Edward Gibbon, “Description of Arabia and Its Inhabitants. […]”, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume V, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 183:", "text": "The gravity and firmneſs of the mind is conſpicuous in his outvvard demeanor: his ſpeech is ſlovv, vveighty, and conciſe, he is ſeldom provoked to laughter, his only geſture is that of ſtroking his beard, the venerable ſymbol of manhood; and the ſenſe of his ovvn importance teaches him to accoſt his equals vvithout levity, and his ſuperiors vvithout avve.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1791, Oliver Goldsmith, “Of Animals of the Hare Kind. [The Guinea-pig.]”, in An History of the Earth, and Animated Nature. […], new edition, volume IV, London: […] F[rancis] Wingrave, successor to Mr. [John] Nourse, […], →OCLC, page 53:", "text": "It [the guinea pig] ſtrokes its head vvith the fore feet like the rabbit; and, like it, ſits upon the hind feet; […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1911 October 26, Max Beerbohm, chapter XVI, in Zuleika Dobson, or, An Oxford Love Story, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: John Lane Company, published 1912, →OCLC, page 248:", "text": "Softly she stroked the carpet with the palms of her hands. \"Happy carpet!\" she crooned. \"Aye, happy the very women that wove the threads that are trod by the feet of my beloved master.[…]\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move one's hand or an object (such as a broom or brush) along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly; to caress."], "links": [["move", "move#Verb"], ["hand", "hand#Noun"], ["object", "object#Noun"], ["broom", "broom#Noun"], ["brush", "brush#Noun"], ["surface", "surface#Noun"], ["one", "one#Numeral"], ["direction", "direction"], ["touching", "touch#Verb"], ["lightly", "lightly"], ["caress", "caress#Verb"]], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"glosses": ["To bring (something) to a certain condition by stroking (sense 1)."], "links": [["bring", "bring#Verb"], ["condition", "condition#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(also figuratively) To bring (something) to a certain condition by stroking (sense 1)."], "tags": ["also", "figuratively", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Psychoanalysis"], "examples": [{"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 4, column 2:", "text": "[W]hen thou cam'ſt firſt / Thou ſtroakſt me, & made much of me: […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To give assurance to (someone) through encouragement."], "links": [["psychoanalysis", "psychoanalysis"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["assurance", "assurance"], ["encouragement", "encouragement"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figuratively)", "(especially psychoanalysis) To give assurance to (someone) through encouragement."], "tags": ["especially", "figuratively", "transitive"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "medicine", "psychoanalysis", "psychology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["American English", "en:Politics"], "glosses": ["To influence (someone) by convincing or flattering them."], "links": [["politics", "politics"], ["influence", "influence#Verb"], ["convincing", "convince"], ["flattering", "flatter#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figuratively)", "(by extension, chiefly US, politics) To influence (someone) by convincing or flattering them."], "tags": ["US", "broadly", "figuratively", "transitive"], "topics": ["government", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["en:Agriculture"], "glosses": ["To milk (a cow or other animal); especially, to squeeze the teat of (a cow, etc.) to extract the last bit of milk from the udder; to strap (dialectal), to strip."], "links": [["agriculture", "agriculture"], ["milk", "milk#Verb"], ["cow", "cow#Noun"], ["animal", "animal"], ["squeeze", "squeeze#Verb"], ["teat", "teat"], ["extract", "extract#Verb"], ["last", "last#Adjective"], ["bit", "bit#Noun"], ["milk", "milk#Noun"], ["udder", "udder"], ["strap", "strap#Verb"], ["strip", "strip#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(agriculture) To milk (a cow or other animal); especially, to squeeze the teat of (a cow, etc.) to extract the last bit of milk from the udder; to strap (dialectal), to strip."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["agriculture", "business", "lifestyle"]}, {"categories": ["en:Masonry"], "glosses": ["To give a finely fluted surface to (stone) by carving it with a tool."], "links": [["masonry", "masonry"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["finely", "finely"], ["fluted", "fluted#Adjective"], ["stone", "stone#Noun"], ["carving", "carve#Verb"], ["tool", "tool#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(masonry) To give a finely fluted surface to (stone) by carving it with a tool."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["business", "construction", "manufacturing", "masonry"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To sharpen (a knife or other cutting instrument) by honing or rubbing it against a surface."], "links": [["sharpen", "sharpen"], ["knife", "knife#Noun"], ["cutting", "cutting#Adjective"], ["instrument", "instrument"], ["honing", "hone#Verb"], ["rubbing", "rub#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete)", "To sharpen (a knife or other cutting instrument) by honing or rubbing it against a surface."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To soothe (someone); also, to flatter or indulge (someone)."], "links": [["soothe", "soothe"], ["indulge", "indulge"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete)", "(figuratively) To soothe (someone); also, to flatter or indulge (someone)."], "tags": ["figuratively", "obsolete", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/stɹəʊk/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "strōk", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹoʊk/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"ipa": "/stɾʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"audio": "En-us-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg/En-us-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg/En-au-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊk"}], "translations": [{"code": "af", "lang": "Afrikaans", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streel"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ledhatoj"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "fërkoj"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "lāṭafa", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "لَاطَفَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "mallasa", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "مَلَّسَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "šoyel", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "շոյել"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sığallamaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sığal çəkmək"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "hládzicʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дзіць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pahládzicʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "пагла́дзіць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "gládja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дя"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pogládja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дя"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "galja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "галя"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "sap", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "သပ်"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "fǔ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫 /抚"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "fǔmó", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫摩 /抚摩"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hladit"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pohladit"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryge"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strelen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strijken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "aaien"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silitama"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strúka"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silittää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "pyyhkiä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sivellä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "caresser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streicheln"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streichen"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "chaïdévo", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "χαϊδεύω"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "thopévo", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "θωπεύω"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "litéf", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ליטף \\ לִטֵּף"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "sahlānā", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "सहलाना"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "puckārnā", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "पुचकारना"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "simít"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "simogat"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strjúka"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "elus"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "slíoc"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "accarezzare"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "naderu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "なでる"}, {"alt": "なでる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "naderu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫でる"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "älpeşteu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "әлпештеу"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "sipau", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "сипау"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "kbət", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ក្បិត"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑɑbɑbaoh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "បបោស"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "ʼɑɑʼɑngʼael", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "អង្អែល"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sseudadeumda", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "쓰다듬다"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glaudeit"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glausteit"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "mulceō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "palpō"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glaudīt"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glostyti"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "gali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гали"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pogali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погали"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "izgali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изгали"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "hokomirimiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "moremore"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ilex", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "илэх"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "taalax", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "таалах"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ilikü", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Mongolian"], "word": "ᠢᠯᠢᠬᠦ"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "taɣalaqu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Mongolian"], "word": "ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryke"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "gladiti", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "гладити"}, {"code": "orv", "lang": "Old East Slavic", "roman": "gladiti", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гладити"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strīcan"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "navâzeš kardan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "نوازش کردن"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "głaskać"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pogłaskać"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "gładzić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "wygładzić"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "mângâia"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "gláditʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дить"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pogláditʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дить"}, {"code": "ru", "english": "to caress", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "laskátʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ласка́ть"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "straik"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "slìog"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "гла̏дити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Roman", "imperfective"], "word": "glȁditi"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hladiť"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pohladiť"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "božati"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pobožati"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "głaźiś"}, {"code": "hsb", "lang": "Upper Sorbian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hładźić"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryka"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "navoziš kardan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "навозиш кардан"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lá-boom", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ละโบม"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lûup", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ลูบ"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "nûuat", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "นวด"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sıvazlamak"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "okşamak"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "hládyty", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дити"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pohládyty", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дити"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silamoq"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "vuốt"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "anwesu"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "gorllyfnu"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streakje"}], "word": "stroke"}

stroke (English verb) stroke/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English contranyms", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/əʊk", "Rhymes:English/əʊk/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Diacritical marks", "en:Punctuation marks"], "derived": [{"word": "restroke"}, {"word": "strokable"}, {"word": "strokeable"}, {"tags": ["adjective"], "word": "stroked"}, {"word": "stroker"}, {"word": "unstroked"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "stroken"}, "expansion": "Middle English stroken", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "strok, stroke, (Northern England, Scotland) straike, strake, (Early Middle English) straca, stracien", "otherforms": "1"}, "expansion": "[and other forms]", "name": "nb..."}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "strācian", "t": "to stroke"}, "expansion": "Old English strācian (“to stroke”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*straikōn", "t": "to caress, stroke"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *straikōn (“to caress, stroke”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "suffix"}, "expansion": "suffix", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "1"}, "expansion": "¹", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "2"}, "expansion": "²", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "streicheln", "t": "to stroke, fondle"}, "expansion": "German streicheln (“to stroke, fondle”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "straken"}, "expansion": "German Low German straken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "strēken"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German strēken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "dum", "2": "strēken"}, "expansion": "Middle Dutch strēken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "streeken"}, "expansion": "Dutch streeken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "goh", "2": "strīhhan"}, "expansion": "Old High German strīhhan", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gmh", "2": "strīchen"}, "expansion": "Middle High German strīchen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "streichen", "t": "to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard"}, "expansion": "German streichen (“to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "strookje", "t": "to stroke; caress"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian strookje (“to stroke; caress”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "streakje", "t": "to stroke; caress"}, "expansion": "West Frisian streakje (“to stroke; caress”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "The verb is derived from Middle English stroken, straken (“to caress, fondle, pat, rub, smooth, stroke; to pass something over (someone or something); to brush or rub against;”) [and other forms], from Old English strācian (“to stroke”), from Proto-West Germanic *straikōn (“to caress, stroke”), from *straik (“a line, stroke; a dash”) (see further at etymology 1) + *-ōn (suffix forming verbs from nouns).\nThe noun is derived from the verb.\nCognates\n* German streicheln (“to stroke, fondle”)\n* German Low German straken, strieken, strakeln, striekeln (“to stroke; caress; fondle”)\n* Middle Low German strēken, Middle Dutch strēken (modern Dutch streeken)\n* Old High German strīhhan, streihhōn, Middle High German strīchen (modern German streichen (“to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard”))\n* Saterland Frisian strookje (“to stroke; caress”)\n* West Frisian streakje (“to stroke; caress”)", "forms": [{"form": "strokes", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "stroking", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["table-tags"]}, {"form": "glossary", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["inflection-template"]}, {"form": "stroke", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["infinitive"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)", "name": "en-verb"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "transitive"}, "expansion": "(transitive)", "name": "term-label"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1660 July 16 (Gregorian calendar), John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for 6 July 1660]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC, pages 323–324:", "text": "His Majestie began first to touch for yᵉ evil, according to custome, thus: his Maᵗⁱᵉ sitting under his State in yᵉ Banquetting House, the Chirurgeons cause the sick to be brought or led up to the throne, where they kneeling, yᵉ King strokes their faces or cheekes with both his hands at once, at which instant a Chaplaine in his formalities says, \"He put his hands upon them and he healed them.\"", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “Cinyras and Myrrha, out of the Tenth Book of Ovid’s Metamorphosis”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 177:", "text": "The tender Sire, vvho ſavv her bluſh, and cry, / Aſcrib'd it all to Maiden-modeſty, / And dry'd the falling Drops, and yet more kind, / He ſtroak'd her Cheeks, and holy Kiſſes join'd.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1788, Edward Gibbon, “Description of Arabia and Its Inhabitants. […]”, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume V, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 183:", "text": "The gravity and firmneſs of the mind is conſpicuous in his outvvard demeanor: his ſpeech is ſlovv, vveighty, and conciſe, he is ſeldom provoked to laughter, his only geſture is that of ſtroking his beard, the venerable ſymbol of manhood; and the ſenſe of his ovvn importance teaches him to accoſt his equals vvithout levity, and his ſuperiors vvithout avve.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1791, Oliver Goldsmith, “Of Animals of the Hare Kind. [The Guinea-pig.]”, in An History of the Earth, and Animated Nature. […], new edition, volume IV, London: […] F[rancis] Wingrave, successor to Mr. [John] Nourse, […], →OCLC, page 53:", "text": "It [the guinea pig] ſtrokes its head vvith the fore feet like the rabbit; and, like it, ſits upon the hind feet; […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1911 October 26, Max Beerbohm, chapter XVI, in Zuleika Dobson, or, An Oxford Love Story, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: John Lane Company, published 1912, →OCLC, page 248:", "text": "Softly she stroked the carpet with the palms of her hands. \"Happy carpet!\" she crooned. \"Aye, happy the very women that wove the threads that are trod by the feet of my beloved master.[…]\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move one's hand or an object (such as a broom or brush) along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly; to caress."], "links": [["move", "move#Verb"], ["hand", "hand#Noun"], ["object", "object#Noun"], ["broom", "broom#Noun"], ["brush", "brush#Noun"], ["surface", "surface#Noun"], ["one", "one#Numeral"], ["direction", "direction"], ["touching", "touch#Verb"], ["lightly", "lightly"], ["caress", "caress#Verb"]], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"glosses": ["To bring (something) to a certain condition by stroking (sense 1)."], "links": [["bring", "bring#Verb"], ["condition", "condition#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(also figuratively) To bring (something) to a certain condition by stroking (sense 1)."], "tags": ["also", "figuratively", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Psychoanalysis"], "examples": [{"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 4, column 2:", "text": "[W]hen thou cam'ſt firſt / Thou ſtroakſt me, & made much of me: […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To give assurance to (someone) through encouragement."], "links": [["psychoanalysis", "psychoanalysis"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["assurance", "assurance"], ["encouragement", "encouragement"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figuratively)", "(especially psychoanalysis) To give assurance to (someone) through encouragement."], "tags": ["especially", "figuratively", "transitive"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "medicine", "psychoanalysis", "psychology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["American English", "en:Politics"], "glosses": ["To influence (someone) by convincing or flattering them."], "links": [["politics", "politics"], ["influence", "influence#Verb"], ["convincing", "convince"], ["flattering", "flatter#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figuratively)", "(by extension, chiefly US, politics) To influence (someone) by convincing or flattering them."], "tags": ["US", "broadly", "figuratively", "transitive"], "topics": ["government", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["en:Agriculture"], "glosses": ["To milk (a cow or other animal); especially, to squeeze the teat of (a cow, etc.) to extract the last bit of milk from the udder; to strap (dialectal), to strip."], "links": [["agriculture", "agriculture"], ["milk", "milk#Verb"], ["cow", "cow#Noun"], ["animal", "animal"], ["squeeze", "squeeze#Verb"], ["teat", "teat"], ["extract", "extract#Verb"], ["last", "last#Adjective"], ["bit", "bit#Noun"], ["milk", "milk#Noun"], ["udder", "udder"], ["strap", "strap#Verb"], ["strip", "strip#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(agriculture) To milk (a cow or other animal); especially, to squeeze the teat of (a cow, etc.) to extract the last bit of milk from the udder; to strap (dialectal), to strip."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["agriculture", "business", "lifestyle"]}, {"categories": ["en:Masonry"], "glosses": ["To give a finely fluted surface to (stone) by carving it with a tool."], "links": [["masonry", "masonry"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["finely", "finely"], ["fluted", "fluted#Adjective"], ["stone", "stone#Noun"], ["carving", "carve#Verb"], ["tool", "tool#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(masonry) To give a finely fluted surface to (stone) by carving it with a tool."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["business", "construction", "manufacturing", "masonry"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To sharpen (a knife or other cutting instrument) by honing or rubbing it against a surface."], "links": [["sharpen", "sharpen"], ["knife", "knife#Noun"], ["cutting", "cutting#Adjective"], ["instrument", "instrument"], ["honing", "hone#Verb"], ["rubbing", "rub#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete)", "To sharpen (a knife or other cutting instrument) by honing or rubbing it against a surface."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To soothe (someone); also, to flatter or indulge (someone)."], "links": [["soothe", "soothe"], ["indulge", "indulge"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete)", "(figuratively) To soothe (someone); also, to flatter or indulge (someone)."], "tags": ["figuratively", "obsolete", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/stɹəʊk/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "strōk", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹoʊk/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"ipa": "/stɾʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"audio": "En-us-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg/En-us-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg/En-au-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊk"}], "translations": [{"code": "af", "lang": "Afrikaans", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streel"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ledhatoj"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "fërkoj"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "lāṭafa", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "لَاطَفَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "mallasa", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "مَلَّسَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "šoyel", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "շոյել"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sığallamaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sığal çəkmək"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "hládzicʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дзіць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pahládzicʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "пагла́дзіць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "gládja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дя"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pogládja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дя"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "galja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "галя"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "sap", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "သပ်"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "fǔ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫 /抚"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "fǔmó", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫摩 /抚摩"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hladit"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pohladit"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryge"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strelen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strijken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "aaien"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silitama"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strúka"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silittää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "pyyhkiä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sivellä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "caresser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streicheln"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streichen"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "chaïdévo", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "χαϊδεύω"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "thopévo", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "θωπεύω"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "litéf", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ליטף \\ לִטֵּף"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "sahlānā", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "सहलाना"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "puckārnā", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "पुचकारना"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "simít"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "simogat"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strjúka"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "elus"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "slíoc"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "accarezzare"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "naderu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "なでる"}, {"alt": "なでる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "naderu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫でる"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "älpeşteu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "әлпештеу"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "sipau", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "сипау"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "kbət", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ក្បិត"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑɑbɑbaoh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "បបោស"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "ʼɑɑʼɑngʼael", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "អង្អែល"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sseudadeumda", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "쓰다듬다"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glaudeit"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glausteit"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "mulceō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "palpō"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glaudīt"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glostyti"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "gali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гали"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pogali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погали"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "izgali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изгали"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "hokomirimiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "moremore"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ilex", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "илэх"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "taalax", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "таалах"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ilikü", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Mongolian"], "word": "ᠢᠯᠢᠬᠦ"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "taɣalaqu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Mongolian"], "word": "ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryke"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "gladiti", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "гладити"}, {"code": "orv", "lang": "Old East Slavic", "roman": "gladiti", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гладити"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strīcan"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "navâzeš kardan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "نوازش کردن"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "głaskać"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pogłaskać"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "gładzić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "wygładzić"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "mângâia"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "gláditʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дить"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pogláditʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дить"}, {"code": "ru", "english": "to caress", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "laskátʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ласка́ть"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "straik"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "slìog"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "гла̏дити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Roman", "imperfective"], "word": "glȁditi"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hladiť"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pohladiť"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "božati"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pobožati"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "głaźiś"}, {"code": "hsb", "lang": "Upper Sorbian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hładźić"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryka"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "navoziš kardan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "навозиш кардан"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lá-boom", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ละโบม"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lûup", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ลูบ"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "nûuat", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "นวด"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sıvazlamak"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "okşamak"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "hládyty", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дити"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pohládyty", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дити"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silamoq"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "vuốt"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "anwesu"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "gorllyfnu"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streakje"}], "word": "stroke"}

stroke (English verb) stroke/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English contranyms", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/əʊk", "Rhymes:English/əʊk/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Diacritical marks", "en:Punctuation marks"], "derived": [{"word": "restroke"}, {"word": "strokable"}, {"word": "strokeable"}, {"tags": ["adjective"], "word": "stroked"}, {"word": "stroker"}, {"word": "unstroked"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "stroken"}, "expansion": "Middle English stroken", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "strok, stroke, (Northern England, Scotland) straike, strake, (Early Middle English) straca, stracien", "otherforms": "1"}, "expansion": "[and other forms]", "name": "nb..."}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "strācian", "t": "to stroke"}, "expansion": "Old English strācian (“to stroke”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*straikōn", "t": "to caress, stroke"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *straikōn (“to caress, stroke”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "suffix"}, "expansion": "suffix", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "1"}, "expansion": "¹", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "2"}, "expansion": "²", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "streicheln", "t": "to stroke, fondle"}, "expansion": "German streicheln (“to stroke, fondle”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "straken"}, "expansion": "German Low German straken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "strēken"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German strēken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "dum", "2": "strēken"}, "expansion": "Middle Dutch strēken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "streeken"}, "expansion": "Dutch streeken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "goh", "2": "strīhhan"}, "expansion": "Old High German strīhhan", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gmh", "2": "strīchen"}, "expansion": "Middle High German strīchen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "streichen", "t": "to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard"}, "expansion": "German streichen (“to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "strookje", "t": "to stroke; caress"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian strookje (“to stroke; caress”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "streakje", "t": "to stroke; caress"}, "expansion": "West Frisian streakje (“to stroke; caress”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "The verb is derived from Middle English stroken, straken (“to caress, fondle, pat, rub, smooth, stroke; to pass something over (someone or something); to brush or rub against;”) [and other forms], from Old English strācian (“to stroke”), from Proto-West Germanic *straikōn (“to caress, stroke”), from *straik (“a line, stroke; a dash”) (see further at etymology 1) + *-ōn (suffix forming verbs from nouns).\nThe noun is derived from the verb.\nCognates\n* German streicheln (“to stroke, fondle”)\n* German Low German straken, strieken, strakeln, striekeln (“to stroke; caress; fondle”)\n* Middle Low German strēken, Middle Dutch strēken (modern Dutch streeken)\n* Old High German strīhhan, streihhōn, Middle High German strīchen (modern German streichen (“to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard”))\n* Saterland Frisian strookje (“to stroke; caress”)\n* West Frisian streakje (“to stroke; caress”)", "forms": [{"form": "strokes", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "stroking", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["table-tags"]}, {"form": "glossary", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["inflection-template"]}, {"form": "stroke", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["infinitive"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)", "name": "en-verb"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "transitive"}, "expansion": "(transitive)", "name": "term-label"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1660 July 16 (Gregorian calendar), John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for 6 July 1660]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC, pages 323–324:", "text": "His Majestie began first to touch for yᵉ evil, according to custome, thus: his Maᵗⁱᵉ sitting under his State in yᵉ Banquetting House, the Chirurgeons cause the sick to be brought or led up to the throne, where they kneeling, yᵉ King strokes their faces or cheekes with both his hands at once, at which instant a Chaplaine in his formalities says, \"He put his hands upon them and he healed them.\"", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “Cinyras and Myrrha, out of the Tenth Book of Ovid’s Metamorphosis”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 177:", "text": "The tender Sire, vvho ſavv her bluſh, and cry, / Aſcrib'd it all to Maiden-modeſty, / And dry'd the falling Drops, and yet more kind, / He ſtroak'd her Cheeks, and holy Kiſſes join'd.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1788, Edward Gibbon, “Description of Arabia and Its Inhabitants. […]”, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume V, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 183:", "text": "The gravity and firmneſs of the mind is conſpicuous in his outvvard demeanor: his ſpeech is ſlovv, vveighty, and conciſe, he is ſeldom provoked to laughter, his only geſture is that of ſtroking his beard, the venerable ſymbol of manhood; and the ſenſe of his ovvn importance teaches him to accoſt his equals vvithout levity, and his ſuperiors vvithout avve.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1791, Oliver Goldsmith, “Of Animals of the Hare Kind. [The Guinea-pig.]”, in An History of the Earth, and Animated Nature. […], new edition, volume IV, London: […] F[rancis] Wingrave, successor to Mr. [John] Nourse, […], →OCLC, page 53:", "text": "It [the guinea pig] ſtrokes its head vvith the fore feet like the rabbit; and, like it, ſits upon the hind feet; […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1911 October 26, Max Beerbohm, chapter XVI, in Zuleika Dobson, or, An Oxford Love Story, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: John Lane Company, published 1912, →OCLC, page 248:", "text": "Softly she stroked the carpet with the palms of her hands. \"Happy carpet!\" she crooned. \"Aye, happy the very women that wove the threads that are trod by the feet of my beloved master.[…]\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move one's hand or an object (such as a broom or brush) along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly; to caress."], "links": [["move", "move#Verb"], ["hand", "hand#Noun"], ["object", "object#Noun"], ["broom", "broom#Noun"], ["brush", "brush#Noun"], ["surface", "surface#Noun"], ["one", "one#Numeral"], ["direction", "direction"], ["touching", "touch#Verb"], ["lightly", "lightly"], ["caress", "caress#Verb"]], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"glosses": ["To bring (something) to a certain condition by stroking (sense 1)."], "links": [["bring", "bring#Verb"], ["condition", "condition#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(also figuratively) To bring (something) to a certain condition by stroking (sense 1)."], "tags": ["also", "figuratively", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Psychoanalysis"], "examples": [{"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 4, column 2:", "text": "[W]hen thou cam'ſt firſt / Thou ſtroakſt me, & made much of me: […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To give assurance to (someone) through encouragement."], "links": [["psychoanalysis", "psychoanalysis"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["assurance", "assurance"], ["encouragement", "encouragement"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figuratively)", "(especially psychoanalysis) To give assurance to (someone) through encouragement."], "tags": ["especially", "figuratively", "transitive"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "medicine", "psychoanalysis", "psychology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["American English", "en:Politics"], "glosses": ["To influence (someone) by convincing or flattering them."], "links": [["politics", "politics"], ["influence", "influence#Verb"], ["convincing", "convince"], ["flattering", "flatter#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figuratively)", "(by extension, chiefly US, politics) To influence (someone) by convincing or flattering them."], "tags": ["US", "broadly", "figuratively", "transitive"], "topics": ["government", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["en:Agriculture"], "glosses": ["To milk (a cow or other animal); especially, to squeeze the teat of (a cow, etc.) to extract the last bit of milk from the udder; to strap (dialectal), to strip."], "links": [["agriculture", "agriculture"], ["milk", "milk#Verb"], ["cow", "cow#Noun"], ["animal", "animal"], ["squeeze", "squeeze#Verb"], ["teat", "teat"], ["extract", "extract#Verb"], ["last", "last#Adjective"], ["bit", "bit#Noun"], ["milk", "milk#Noun"], ["udder", "udder"], ["strap", "strap#Verb"], ["strip", "strip#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(agriculture) To milk (a cow or other animal); especially, to squeeze the teat of (a cow, etc.) to extract the last bit of milk from the udder; to strap (dialectal), to strip."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["agriculture", "business", "lifestyle"]}, {"categories": ["en:Masonry"], "glosses": ["To give a finely fluted surface to (stone) by carving it with a tool."], "links": [["masonry", "masonry"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["finely", "finely"], ["fluted", "fluted#Adjective"], ["stone", "stone#Noun"], ["carving", "carve#Verb"], ["tool", "tool#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(masonry) To give a finely fluted surface to (stone) by carving it with a tool."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["business", "construction", "manufacturing", "masonry"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To sharpen (a knife or other cutting instrument) by honing or rubbing it against a surface."], "links": [["sharpen", "sharpen"], ["knife", "knife#Noun"], ["cutting", "cutting#Adjective"], ["instrument", "instrument"], ["honing", "hone#Verb"], ["rubbing", "rub#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete)", "To sharpen (a knife or other cutting instrument) by honing or rubbing it against a surface."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To soothe (someone); also, to flatter or indulge (someone)."], "links": [["soothe", "soothe"], ["indulge", "indulge"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete)", "(figuratively) To soothe (someone); also, to flatter or indulge (someone)."], "tags": ["figuratively", "obsolete", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/stɹəʊk/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "strōk", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹoʊk/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"ipa": "/stɾʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"audio": "En-us-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg/En-us-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg/En-au-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊk"}], "translations": [{"code": "af", "lang": "Afrikaans", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streel"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ledhatoj"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "fërkoj"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "lāṭafa", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "لَاطَفَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "mallasa", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "مَلَّسَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "šoyel", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "շոյել"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sığallamaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sığal çəkmək"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "hládzicʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дзіць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pahládzicʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "пагла́дзіць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "gládja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дя"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pogládja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дя"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "galja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "галя"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "sap", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "သပ်"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "fǔ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫 /抚"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "fǔmó", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫摩 /抚摩"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hladit"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pohladit"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryge"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strelen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strijken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "aaien"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silitama"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strúka"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silittää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "pyyhkiä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sivellä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "caresser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streicheln"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streichen"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "chaïdévo", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "χαϊδεύω"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "thopévo", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "θωπεύω"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "litéf", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ליטף \\ לִטֵּף"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "sahlānā", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "सहलाना"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "puckārnā", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "पुचकारना"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "simít"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "simogat"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strjúka"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "elus"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "slíoc"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "accarezzare"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "naderu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "なでる"}, {"alt": "なでる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "naderu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫でる"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "älpeşteu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "әлпештеу"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "sipau", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "сипау"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "kbət", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ក្បិត"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑɑbɑbaoh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "បបោស"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "ʼɑɑʼɑngʼael", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "អង្អែល"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sseudadeumda", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "쓰다듬다"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glaudeit"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glausteit"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "mulceō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "palpō"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glaudīt"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glostyti"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "gali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гали"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pogali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погали"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "izgali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изгали"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "hokomirimiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "moremore"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ilex", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "илэх"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "taalax", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "таалах"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ilikü", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Mongolian"], "word": "ᠢᠯᠢᠬᠦ"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "taɣalaqu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Mongolian"], "word": "ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryke"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "gladiti", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "гладити"}, {"code": "orv", "lang": "Old East Slavic", "roman": "gladiti", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гладити"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strīcan"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "navâzeš kardan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "نوازش کردن"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "głaskać"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pogłaskać"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "gładzić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "wygładzić"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "mângâia"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "gláditʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дить"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pogláditʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дить"}, {"code": "ru", "english": "to caress", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "laskátʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ласка́ть"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "straik"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "slìog"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "гла̏дити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Roman", "imperfective"], "word": "glȁditi"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hladiť"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pohladiť"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "božati"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pobožati"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "głaźiś"}, {"code": "hsb", "lang": "Upper Sorbian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hładźić"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryka"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "navoziš kardan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "навозиш кардан"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lá-boom", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ละโบม"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lûup", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ลูบ"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "nûuat", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "นวด"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sıvazlamak"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "okşamak"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "hládyty", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дити"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pohládyty", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дити"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silamoq"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "vuốt"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "anwesu"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "gorllyfnu"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streakje"}], "word": "stroke"}

stroke/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English contranyms", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *streyg-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/əʊk", "Rhymes:English/əʊk/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Diacritical marks", "en:Punctuation marks"], "derived": [{"word": "stroke out"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*streyg-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "strok"}, "expansion": "Middle English strok", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "strāc"}, "expansion": "Old English strāc", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*straik"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *straik", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*straikaz", "t": "stroke"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*streyg-", "t": "to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "1"}, "expansion": "¹", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "contraction"}, "expansion": "contraction", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "2"}, "expansion": "²", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Streich", "t": "stroke"}, "expansion": "German Streich (“stroke”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "strēk", "t": "stroke, trick, prank"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German strēk (“stroke, trick, prank”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "strak"}, "expansion": "Scots strak", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English strok, stroke (“blow from a weapon, cut”), from Old English strāc, from Proto-West Germanic *straik, from Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”), from Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike”).\nSense 3.6.2.2 (“the oblique, slash, or virgule (‘/’)”) is a contraction of oblique stroke, a variant of oblique which was originally used in telegraphy.\nThe verb is derived from the noun.\nCognates\n* German Streich (“stroke”)\n* Middle Low German strēk (“stroke, trick, prank”)\n* Scots strak, strake, straik (“blow, stroke”)", "forms": [{"form": "strokes", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "stroking", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To draw the horizontal line across the upright part (of the letter t)."], "links": [["horizontal", "horizontal#Adjective"], ["upright", "upright#Adjective"], ["part", "part#Noun"], ["letter", "letter#Noun"], ["t", "t#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "To draw the horizontal line across the upright part (of the letter t)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Followed by out or through: to draw a line or lines through (text) to indicate that it is deleted; to cancel, to strike or strike out."], "links": [["out", "out#Adverb"], ["through", "through#Adverb"], ["draw", "draw#Verb"], ["line", "line#Noun"], ["text", "text#Noun"], ["indicate", "indicate"], ["deleted", "delete#Verb"], ["cancel", "cancel#Verb"], ["strike", "strike#Verb"], ["strike out", "strike out"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "Followed by out or through: to draw a line or lines through (text) to indicate that it is deleted; to cancel, to strike or strike out."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English poetic terms", "English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Of a bell or clock: to chime or sound to indicate (the hour, the time, etc.)."], "links": [["bell", "bell#Noun"], ["clock", "clock#Noun"], ["chime", "chime#Verb"], ["sound", "sound#Verb"], ["indicate", "indicate"], ["hour", "hour"], ["time", "time#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(poetic, rare) Of a bell or clock: to chime or sound to indicate (the hour, the time, etc.)."], "tags": ["poetic", "rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To mark (something) with lines or stripes; to stripe."], "links": [["mark", "mark#Verb"], ["stripes", "stripe#Noun"], ["stripe", "stripe#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rare) To mark (something) with lines or stripes; to stripe."], "tags": ["rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Ball games"], "glosses": ["To hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; also, to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so."], "links": [["ball game", "ball game"], ["hit", "hit#Verb"], ["kick", "kick#Verb"], ["ball", "ball#Noun"], ["flowing", "flowing#Adjective"], ["smooth", "smooth#Adjective"], ["motion", "motion#Noun"], ["score", "score#Verb"], ["goal", "goal"], ["point", "point#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(ball games) To hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; also, to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["ball-games", "games", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Rowing"], "glosses": ["Of a rower or a crew: to row at (a rate of a certain number of strokes (“movements of the oar through water”) per minute)."], "links": [["rowing", "rowing#Noun"], ["rower", "rower"], ["crew", "crew#Noun"], ["row", "row#Verb"], ["rate", "rate#Noun"], ["number", "number#Noun"], ["strokes", "stroke#English"], ["movement", "movement"], ["oar", "oar#Noun"], ["water", "water#Noun"], ["minute", "minute#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rowing)", "Of a rower or a crew: to row at (a rate of a certain number of strokes (“movements of the oar through water”) per minute)."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "rowing", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "en:Rowing"], "examples": [{"text": "to stroke a boat", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To act as the stroke (“rower who is nearest the stern of the boat, the movement of whose oar sets the rowing rhythm for the other rowers”) of (a boat or its crew)."], "links": [["rowing", "rowing#Noun"], ["stroke", "stroke#English"], ["nearest", "near#Adjective"], ["stern", "stern#Noun"], ["sets", "set#Verb"], ["rhythm", "rhythm"], ["boat", "boat#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rowing)", "To act as the stroke (“rower who is nearest the stern of the boat, the movement of whose oar sets the rowing rhythm for the other rowers”) of (a boat or its crew)."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "rowing", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Swimming"], "glosses": ["To strike (the water) with one's arms and legs when swimming."], "links": [["swimming", "swimming#Noun"], ["strike", "strike#Verb"], ["arms", "arm#Noun"], ["legs", "leg#Noun"], ["swimming", "swim#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(swimming) To strike (the water) with one's arms and legs when swimming."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports", "swimming"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To depict (something) with a paintbrush."], "links": [["depict", "depict#Verb"], ["paintbrush", "paintbrush"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(obsolete) To depict (something) with a paintbrush."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Medicine"], "glosses": ["Chiefly followed by out: to suffer loss of brain function when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted; to have a stroke (noun sense 4)."], "links": [["medicine", "medicine"], ["suffer", "suffer"], ["loss", "loss#Noun"], ["brain", "brain#Noun"], ["function", "function#Noun"], ["blood supply", "blood supply"], ["suddenly", "suddenly"], ["interrupted", "interrupt#Verb"], ["stroke", "stroke#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive)", "(medicine) Chiefly followed by out: to suffer loss of brain function when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted; to have a stroke (noun sense 4)."], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["medicine", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Swimming"], "glosses": ["To swim by making co-ordinated movements with the arms and legs."], "links": [["swimming", "swimming#Noun"], ["making", "make#Verb"], ["co-ordinated", "coordinated"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive)", "(swimming) To swim by making co-ordinated movements with the arms and legs."], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports", "swimming"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/stɹəʊk/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "strōk", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹoʊk/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"ipa": "/stɾʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"audio": "En-us-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg/En-us-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg/En-au-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊk"}], "translations": [{"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so", "word": "pyyhkäistä"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so", "word": "slå"}], "word": "stroke"}

stroke (English verb) stroke/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English contranyms", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *streyg-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/əʊk", "Rhymes:English/əʊk/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Diacritical marks", "en:Punctuation marks"], "derived": [{"word": "stroke out"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*streyg-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "strok"}, "expansion": "Middle English strok", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "strāc"}, "expansion": "Old English strāc", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*straik"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *straik", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*straikaz", "t": "stroke"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*streyg-", "t": "to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "1"}, "expansion": "¹", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "contraction"}, "expansion": "contraction", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "2"}, "expansion": "²", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Streich", "t": "stroke"}, "expansion": "German Streich (“stroke”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "strēk", "t": "stroke, trick, prank"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German strēk (“stroke, trick, prank”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "strak"}, "expansion": "Scots strak", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English strok, stroke (“blow from a weapon, cut”), from Old English strāc, from Proto-West Germanic *straik, from Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”), from Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike”).\nSense 3.6.2.2 (“the oblique, slash, or virgule (‘/’)”) is a contraction of oblique stroke, a variant of oblique which was originally used in telegraphy.\nThe verb is derived from the noun.\nCognates\n* German Streich (“stroke”)\n* Middle Low German strēk (“stroke, trick, prank”)\n* Scots strak, strake, straik (“blow, stroke”)", "forms": [{"form": "strokes", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "stroking", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To draw the horizontal line across the upright part (of the letter t)."], "links": [["horizontal", "horizontal#Adjective"], ["upright", "upright#Adjective"], ["part", "part#Noun"], ["letter", "letter#Noun"], ["t", "t#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "To draw the horizontal line across the upright part (of the letter t)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Followed by out or through: to draw a line or lines through (text) to indicate that it is deleted; to cancel, to strike or strike out."], "links": [["out", "out#Adverb"], ["through", "through#Adverb"], ["draw", "draw#Verb"], ["line", "line#Noun"], ["text", "text#Noun"], ["indicate", "indicate"], ["deleted", "delete#Verb"], ["cancel", "cancel#Verb"], ["strike", "strike#Verb"], ["strike out", "strike out"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "Followed by out or through: to draw a line or lines through (text) to indicate that it is deleted; to cancel, to strike or strike out."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English poetic terms", "English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Of a bell or clock: to chime or sound to indicate (the hour, the time, etc.)."], "links": [["bell", "bell#Noun"], ["clock", "clock#Noun"], ["chime", "chime#Verb"], ["sound", "sound#Verb"], ["indicate", "indicate"], ["hour", "hour"], ["time", "time#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(poetic, rare) Of a bell or clock: to chime or sound to indicate (the hour, the time, etc.)."], "tags": ["poetic", "rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To mark (something) with lines or stripes; to stripe."], "links": [["mark", "mark#Verb"], ["stripes", "stripe#Noun"], ["stripe", "stripe#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rare) To mark (something) with lines or stripes; to stripe."], "tags": ["rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Ball games"], "glosses": ["To hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; also, to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so."], "links": [["ball game", "ball game"], ["hit", "hit#Verb"], ["kick", "kick#Verb"], ["ball", "ball#Noun"], ["flowing", "flowing#Adjective"], ["smooth", "smooth#Adjective"], ["motion", "motion#Noun"], ["score", "score#Verb"], ["goal", "goal"], ["point", "point#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(ball games) To hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; also, to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["ball-games", "games", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Rowing"], "glosses": ["Of a rower or a crew: to row at (a rate of a certain number of strokes (“movements of the oar through water”) per minute)."], "links": [["rowing", "rowing#Noun"], ["rower", "rower"], ["crew", "crew#Noun"], ["row", "row#Verb"], ["rate", "rate#Noun"], ["number", "number#Noun"], ["strokes", "stroke#English"], ["movement", "movement"], ["oar", "oar#Noun"], ["water", "water#Noun"], ["minute", "minute#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rowing)", "Of a rower or a crew: to row at (a rate of a certain number of strokes (“movements of the oar through water”) per minute)."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "rowing", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "en:Rowing"], "examples": [{"text": "to stroke a boat", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To act as the stroke (“rower who is nearest the stern of the boat, the movement of whose oar sets the rowing rhythm for the other rowers”) of (a boat or its crew)."], "links": [["rowing", "rowing#Noun"], ["stroke", "stroke#English"], ["nearest", "near#Adjective"], ["stern", "stern#Noun"], ["sets", "set#Verb"], ["rhythm", "rhythm"], ["boat", "boat#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(rowing)", "To act as the stroke (“rower who is nearest the stern of the boat, the movement of whose oar sets the rowing rhythm for the other rowers”) of (a boat or its crew)."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "rowing", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Swimming"], "glosses": ["To strike (the water) with one's arms and legs when swimming."], "links": [["swimming", "swimming#Noun"], ["strike", "strike#Verb"], ["arms", "arm#Noun"], ["legs", "leg#Noun"], ["swimming", "swim#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(swimming) To strike (the water) with one's arms and legs when swimming."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports", "swimming"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To depict (something) with a paintbrush."], "links": [["depict", "depict#Verb"], ["paintbrush", "paintbrush"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive)", "(obsolete) To depict (something) with a paintbrush."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Medicine"], "glosses": ["Chiefly followed by out: to suffer loss of brain function when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted; to have a stroke (noun sense 4)."], "links": [["medicine", "medicine"], ["suffer", "suffer"], ["loss", "loss#Noun"], ["brain", "brain#Noun"], ["function", "function#Noun"], ["blood supply", "blood supply"], ["suddenly", "suddenly"], ["interrupted", "interrupt#Verb"], ["stroke", "stroke#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive)", "(medicine) Chiefly followed by out: to suffer loss of brain function when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted; to have a stroke (noun sense 4)."], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["medicine", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Swimming"], "glosses": ["To swim by making co-ordinated movements with the arms and legs."], "links": [["swimming", "swimming#Noun"], ["making", "make#Verb"], ["co-ordinated", "coordinated"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive)", "(swimming) To swim by making co-ordinated movements with the arms and legs."], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports", "swimming"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/stɹəʊk/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "strōk", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹoʊk/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"ipa": "/stɾʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"audio": "En-us-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg/En-us-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg/En-au-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊk"}], "translations": [{"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so", "word": "pyyhkäistä"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to hit or kick (the ball) with a flowing or smooth motion; to score (a goal, a point, etc.) by doing so", "word": "slå"}], "word": "stroke"}

stroke/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English contranyms", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/əʊk", "Rhymes:English/əʊk/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Diacritical marks", "en:Punctuation marks"], "derived": [{"word": "restroke"}, {"word": "strokable"}, {"word": "strokeable"}, {"tags": ["adjective"], "word": "stroked"}, {"word": "stroker"}, {"word": "unstroked"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "stroken"}, "expansion": "Middle English stroken", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "strok, stroke, (Northern England, Scotland) straike, strake, (Early Middle English) straca, stracien", "otherforms": "1"}, "expansion": "[and other forms]", "name": "nb..."}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "strācian", "t": "to stroke"}, "expansion": "Old English strācian (“to stroke”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*straikōn", "t": "to caress, stroke"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *straikōn (“to caress, stroke”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "suffix"}, "expansion": "suffix", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "1"}, "expansion": "¹", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "2"}, "expansion": "²", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "streicheln", "t": "to stroke, fondle"}, "expansion": "German streicheln (“to stroke, fondle”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "straken"}, "expansion": "German Low German straken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "strēken"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German strēken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "dum", "2": "strēken"}, "expansion": "Middle Dutch strēken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "streeken"}, "expansion": "Dutch streeken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "goh", "2": "strīhhan"}, "expansion": "Old High German strīhhan", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gmh", "2": "strīchen"}, "expansion": "Middle High German strīchen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "streichen", "t": "to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard"}, "expansion": "German streichen (“to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "strookje", "t": "to stroke; caress"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian strookje (“to stroke; caress”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "streakje", "t": "to stroke; caress"}, "expansion": "West Frisian streakje (“to stroke; caress”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "The verb is derived from Middle English stroken, straken (“to caress, fondle, pat, rub, smooth, stroke; to pass something over (someone or something); to brush or rub against;”) [and other forms], from Old English strācian (“to stroke”), from Proto-West Germanic *straikōn (“to caress, stroke”), from *straik (“a line, stroke; a dash”) (see further at etymology 1) + *-ōn (suffix forming verbs from nouns).\nThe noun is derived from the verb.\nCognates\n* German streicheln (“to stroke, fondle”)\n* German Low German straken, strieken, strakeln, striekeln (“to stroke; caress; fondle”)\n* Middle Low German strēken, Middle Dutch strēken (modern Dutch streeken)\n* Old High German strīhhan, streihhōn, Middle High German strīchen (modern German streichen (“to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard”))\n* Saterland Frisian strookje (“to stroke; caress”)\n* West Frisian streakje (“to stroke; caress”)", "forms": [{"form": "strokes", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "stroking", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["table-tags"]}, {"form": "glossary", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["inflection-template"]}, {"form": "stroke", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["infinitive"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)", "name": "en-verb"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "transitive"}, "expansion": "(transitive)", "name": "term-label"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1660 July 16 (Gregorian calendar), John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for 6 July 1660]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC, pages 323–324:", "text": "His Majestie began first to touch for yᵉ evil, according to custome, thus: his Maᵗⁱᵉ sitting under his State in yᵉ Banquetting House, the Chirurgeons cause the sick to be brought or led up to the throne, where they kneeling, yᵉ King strokes their faces or cheekes with both his hands at once, at which instant a Chaplaine in his formalities says, \"He put his hands upon them and he healed them.\"", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “Cinyras and Myrrha, out of the Tenth Book of Ovid’s Metamorphosis”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 177:", "text": "The tender Sire, vvho ſavv her bluſh, and cry, / Aſcrib'd it all to Maiden-modeſty, / And dry'd the falling Drops, and yet more kind, / He ſtroak'd her Cheeks, and holy Kiſſes join'd.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1788, Edward Gibbon, “Description of Arabia and Its Inhabitants. […]”, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume V, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 183:", "text": "The gravity and firmneſs of the mind is conſpicuous in his outvvard demeanor: his ſpeech is ſlovv, vveighty, and conciſe, he is ſeldom provoked to laughter, his only geſture is that of ſtroking his beard, the venerable ſymbol of manhood; and the ſenſe of his ovvn importance teaches him to accoſt his equals vvithout levity, and his ſuperiors vvithout avve.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1791, Oliver Goldsmith, “Of Animals of the Hare Kind. [The Guinea-pig.]”, in An History of the Earth, and Animated Nature. […], new edition, volume IV, London: […] F[rancis] Wingrave, successor to Mr. [John] Nourse, […], →OCLC, page 53:", "text": "It [the guinea pig] ſtrokes its head vvith the fore feet like the rabbit; and, like it, ſits upon the hind feet; […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1911 October 26, Max Beerbohm, chapter XVI, in Zuleika Dobson, or, An Oxford Love Story, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: John Lane Company, published 1912, →OCLC, page 248:", "text": "Softly she stroked the carpet with the palms of her hands. \"Happy carpet!\" she crooned. \"Aye, happy the very women that wove the threads that are trod by the feet of my beloved master.[…]\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move one's hand or an object (such as a broom or brush) along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly; to caress."], "links": [["move", "move#Verb"], ["hand", "hand#Noun"], ["object", "object#Noun"], ["broom", "broom#Noun"], ["brush", "brush#Noun"], ["surface", "surface#Noun"], ["one", "one#Numeral"], ["direction", "direction"], ["touching", "touch#Verb"], ["lightly", "lightly"], ["caress", "caress#Verb"]], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"glosses": ["To bring (something) to a certain condition by stroking (sense 1)."], "links": [["bring", "bring#Verb"], ["condition", "condition#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(also figuratively) To bring (something) to a certain condition by stroking (sense 1)."], "tags": ["also", "figuratively", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Psychoanalysis"], "examples": [{"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 4, column 2:", "text": "[W]hen thou cam'ſt firſt / Thou ſtroakſt me, & made much of me: […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To give assurance to (someone) through encouragement."], "links": [["psychoanalysis", "psychoanalysis"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["assurance", "assurance"], ["encouragement", "encouragement"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figuratively)", "(especially psychoanalysis) To give assurance to (someone) through encouragement."], "tags": ["especially", "figuratively", "transitive"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "medicine", "psychoanalysis", "psychology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["American English", "en:Politics"], "glosses": ["To influence (someone) by convincing or flattering them."], "links": [["politics", "politics"], ["influence", "influence#Verb"], ["convincing", "convince"], ["flattering", "flatter#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figuratively)", "(by extension, chiefly US, politics) To influence (someone) by convincing or flattering them."], "tags": ["US", "broadly", "figuratively", "transitive"], "topics": ["government", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["en:Agriculture"], "glosses": ["To milk (a cow or other animal); especially, to squeeze the teat of (a cow, etc.) to extract the last bit of milk from the udder; to strap (dialectal), to strip."], "links": [["agriculture", "agriculture"], ["milk", "milk#Verb"], ["cow", "cow#Noun"], ["animal", "animal"], ["squeeze", "squeeze#Verb"], ["teat", "teat"], ["extract", "extract#Verb"], ["last", "last#Adjective"], ["bit", "bit#Noun"], ["milk", "milk#Noun"], ["udder", "udder"], ["strap", "strap#Verb"], ["strip", "strip#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(agriculture) To milk (a cow or other animal); especially, to squeeze the teat of (a cow, etc.) to extract the last bit of milk from the udder; to strap (dialectal), to strip."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["agriculture", "business", "lifestyle"]}, {"categories": ["en:Masonry"], "glosses": ["To give a finely fluted surface to (stone) by carving it with a tool."], "links": [["masonry", "masonry"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["finely", "finely"], ["fluted", "fluted#Adjective"], ["stone", "stone#Noun"], ["carving", "carve#Verb"], ["tool", "tool#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(masonry) To give a finely fluted surface to (stone) by carving it with a tool."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["business", "construction", "manufacturing", "masonry"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To sharpen (a knife or other cutting instrument) by honing or rubbing it against a surface."], "links": [["sharpen", "sharpen"], ["knife", "knife#Noun"], ["cutting", "cutting#Adjective"], ["instrument", "instrument"], ["honing", "hone#Verb"], ["rubbing", "rub#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete)", "To sharpen (a knife or other cutting instrument) by honing or rubbing it against a surface."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To soothe (someone); also, to flatter or indulge (someone)."], "links": [["soothe", "soothe"], ["indulge", "indulge"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete)", "(figuratively) To soothe (someone); also, to flatter or indulge (someone)."], "tags": ["figuratively", "obsolete", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/stɹəʊk/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "strōk", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹoʊk/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"ipa": "/stɾʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"audio": "En-us-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg/En-us-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg/En-au-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊk"}], "translations": [{"code": "af", "lang": "Afrikaans", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streel"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ledhatoj"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "fërkoj"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "lāṭafa", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "لَاطَفَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "mallasa", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "مَلَّسَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "šoyel", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "շոյել"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sığallamaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sığal çəkmək"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "hládzicʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дзіць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pahládzicʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "пагла́дзіць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "gládja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дя"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pogládja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дя"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "galja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "галя"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "sap", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "သပ်"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "fǔ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫 /抚"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "fǔmó", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫摩 /抚摩"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hladit"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pohladit"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryge"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strelen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strijken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "aaien"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silitama"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strúka"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silittää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "pyyhkiä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sivellä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "caresser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streicheln"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streichen"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "chaïdévo", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "χαϊδεύω"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "thopévo", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "θωπεύω"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "litéf", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ליטף \\ לִטֵּף"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "sahlānā", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "सहलाना"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "puckārnā", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "पुचकारना"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "simít"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "simogat"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strjúka"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "elus"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "slíoc"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "accarezzare"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "naderu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "なでる"}, {"alt": "なでる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "naderu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫でる"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "älpeşteu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "әлпештеу"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "sipau", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "сипау"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "kbət", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ក្បិត"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑɑbɑbaoh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "បបោស"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "ʼɑɑʼɑngʼael", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "អង្អែល"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sseudadeumda", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "쓰다듬다"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glaudeit"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glausteit"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "mulceō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "palpō"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glaudīt"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glostyti"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "gali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гали"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pogali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погали"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "izgali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изгали"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "hokomirimiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "moremore"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ilex", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "илэх"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "taalax", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "таалах"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ilikü", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Mongolian"], "word": "ᠢᠯᠢᠬᠦ"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "taɣalaqu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Mongolian"], "word": "ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryke"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "gladiti", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "гладити"}, {"code": "orv", "lang": "Old East Slavic", "roman": "gladiti", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гладити"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strīcan"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "navâzeš kardan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "نوازش کردن"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "głaskać"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pogłaskać"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "gładzić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "wygładzić"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "mângâia"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "gláditʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дить"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pogláditʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дить"}, {"code": "ru", "english": "to caress", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "laskátʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ласка́ть"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "straik"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "slìog"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "гла̏дити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Roman", "imperfective"], "word": "glȁditi"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hladiť"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pohladiť"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "božati"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pobožati"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "głaźiś"}, {"code": "hsb", "lang": "Upper Sorbian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hładźić"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryka"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "navoziš kardan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "навозиш кардан"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lá-boom", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ละโบม"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lûup", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ลูบ"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "nûuat", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "นวด"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sıvazlamak"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "okşamak"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "hládyty", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дити"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pohládyty", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дити"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silamoq"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "vuốt"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "anwesu"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "gorllyfnu"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streakje"}], "word": "stroke"}

stroke (English verb) stroke/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English contranyms", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/əʊk", "Rhymes:English/əʊk/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Diacritical marks", "en:Punctuation marks"], "derived": [{"word": "restroke"}, {"word": "strokable"}, {"word": "strokeable"}, {"tags": ["adjective"], "word": "stroked"}, {"word": "stroker"}, {"word": "unstroked"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "stroken"}, "expansion": "Middle English stroken", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "strok, stroke, (Northern England, Scotland) straike, strake, (Early Middle English) straca, stracien", "otherforms": "1"}, "expansion": "[and other forms]", "name": "nb..."}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "strācian", "t": "to stroke"}, "expansion": "Old English strācian (“to stroke”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*straikōn", "t": "to caress, stroke"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *straikōn (“to caress, stroke”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "suffix"}, "expansion": "suffix", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "1"}, "expansion": "¹", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "2"}, "expansion": "²", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "streicheln", "t": "to stroke, fondle"}, "expansion": "German streicheln (“to stroke, fondle”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "straken"}, "expansion": "German Low German straken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "strēken"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German strēken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "dum", "2": "strēken"}, "expansion": "Middle Dutch strēken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "streeken"}, "expansion": "Dutch streeken", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "goh", "2": "strīhhan"}, "expansion": "Old High German strīhhan", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "gmh", "2": "strīchen"}, "expansion": "Middle High German strīchen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "streichen", "t": "to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard"}, "expansion": "German streichen (“to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "strookje", "t": "to stroke; caress"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian strookje (“to stroke; caress”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "streakje", "t": "to stroke; caress"}, "expansion": "West Frisian streakje (“to stroke; caress”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "The verb is derived from Middle English stroken, straken (“to caress, fondle, pat, rub, smooth, stroke; to pass something over (someone or something); to brush or rub against;”) [and other forms], from Old English strācian (“to stroke”), from Proto-West Germanic *straikōn (“to caress, stroke”), from *straik (“a line, stroke; a dash”) (see further at etymology 1) + *-ōn (suffix forming verbs from nouns).\nThe noun is derived from the verb.\nCognates\n* German streicheln (“to stroke, fondle”)\n* German Low German straken, strieken, strakeln, striekeln (“to stroke; caress; fondle”)\n* Middle Low German strēken, Middle Dutch strēken (modern Dutch streeken)\n* Old High German strīhhan, streihhōn, Middle High German strīchen (modern German streichen (“to stroke; to rub; to spread; to apply; to paint; to cancel; to cross out, strike out; to delete; to discard”))\n* Saterland Frisian strookje (“to stroke; caress”)\n* West Frisian streakje (“to stroke; caress”)", "forms": [{"form": "strokes", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "stroking", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "stroked", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["table-tags"]}, {"form": "glossary", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["inflection-template"]}, {"form": "stroke", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["infinitive"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)", "name": "en-verb"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "transitive"}, "expansion": "(transitive)", "name": "term-label"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1660 July 16 (Gregorian calendar), John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for 6 July 1660]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC, pages 323–324:", "text": "His Majestie began first to touch for yᵉ evil, according to custome, thus: his Maᵗⁱᵉ sitting under his State in yᵉ Banquetting House, the Chirurgeons cause the sick to be brought or led up to the throne, where they kneeling, yᵉ King strokes their faces or cheekes with both his hands at once, at which instant a Chaplaine in his formalities says, \"He put his hands upon them and he healed them.\"", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “Cinyras and Myrrha, out of the Tenth Book of Ovid’s Metamorphosis”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 177:", "text": "The tender Sire, vvho ſavv her bluſh, and cry, / Aſcrib'd it all to Maiden-modeſty, / And dry'd the falling Drops, and yet more kind, / He ſtroak'd her Cheeks, and holy Kiſſes join'd.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1788, Edward Gibbon, “Description of Arabia and Its Inhabitants. […]”, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume V, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 183:", "text": "The gravity and firmneſs of the mind is conſpicuous in his outvvard demeanor: his ſpeech is ſlovv, vveighty, and conciſe, he is ſeldom provoked to laughter, his only geſture is that of ſtroking his beard, the venerable ſymbol of manhood; and the ſenſe of his ovvn importance teaches him to accoſt his equals vvithout levity, and his ſuperiors vvithout avve.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1791, Oliver Goldsmith, “Of Animals of the Hare Kind. [The Guinea-pig.]”, in An History of the Earth, and Animated Nature. […], new edition, volume IV, London: […] F[rancis] Wingrave, successor to Mr. [John] Nourse, […], →OCLC, page 53:", "text": "It [the guinea pig] ſtrokes its head vvith the fore feet like the rabbit; and, like it, ſits upon the hind feet; […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1911 October 26, Max Beerbohm, chapter XVI, in Zuleika Dobson, or, An Oxford Love Story, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: John Lane Company, published 1912, →OCLC, page 248:", "text": "Softly she stroked the carpet with the palms of her hands. \"Happy carpet!\" she crooned. \"Aye, happy the very women that wove the threads that are trod by the feet of my beloved master.[…]\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move one's hand or an object (such as a broom or brush) along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly; to caress."], "links": [["move", "move#Verb"], ["hand", "hand#Noun"], ["object", "object#Noun"], ["broom", "broom#Noun"], ["brush", "brush#Noun"], ["surface", "surface#Noun"], ["one", "one#Numeral"], ["direction", "direction"], ["touching", "touch#Verb"], ["lightly", "lightly"], ["caress", "caress#Verb"]], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"glosses": ["To bring (something) to a certain condition by stroking (sense 1)."], "links": [["bring", "bring#Verb"], ["condition", "condition#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(also figuratively) To bring (something) to a certain condition by stroking (sense 1)."], "tags": ["also", "figuratively", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Psychoanalysis"], "examples": [{"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 4, column 2:", "text": "[W]hen thou cam'ſt firſt / Thou ſtroakſt me, & made much of me: […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To give assurance to (someone) through encouragement."], "links": [["psychoanalysis", "psychoanalysis"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["assurance", "assurance"], ["encouragement", "encouragement"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figuratively)", "(especially psychoanalysis) To give assurance to (someone) through encouragement."], "tags": ["especially", "figuratively", "transitive"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "medicine", "psychoanalysis", "psychology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["American English", "en:Politics"], "glosses": ["To influence (someone) by convincing or flattering them."], "links": [["politics", "politics"], ["influence", "influence#Verb"], ["convincing", "convince"], ["flattering", "flatter#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figuratively)", "(by extension, chiefly US, politics) To influence (someone) by convincing or flattering them."], "tags": ["US", "broadly", "figuratively", "transitive"], "topics": ["government", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["en:Agriculture"], "glosses": ["To milk (a cow or other animal); especially, to squeeze the teat of (a cow, etc.) to extract the last bit of milk from the udder; to strap (dialectal), to strip."], "links": [["agriculture", "agriculture"], ["milk", "milk#Verb"], ["cow", "cow#Noun"], ["animal", "animal"], ["squeeze", "squeeze#Verb"], ["teat", "teat"], ["extract", "extract#Verb"], ["last", "last#Adjective"], ["bit", "bit#Noun"], ["milk", "milk#Noun"], ["udder", "udder"], ["strap", "strap#Verb"], ["strip", "strip#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(agriculture) To milk (a cow or other animal); especially, to squeeze the teat of (a cow, etc.) to extract the last bit of milk from the udder; to strap (dialectal), to strip."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["agriculture", "business", "lifestyle"]}, {"categories": ["en:Masonry"], "glosses": ["To give a finely fluted surface to (stone) by carving it with a tool."], "links": [["masonry", "masonry"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["finely", "finely"], ["fluted", "fluted#Adjective"], ["stone", "stone#Noun"], ["carving", "carve#Verb"], ["tool", "tool#Noun"]], "raw_glosses": ["(masonry) To give a finely fluted surface to (stone) by carving it with a tool."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["business", "construction", "manufacturing", "masonry"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To sharpen (a knife or other cutting instrument) by honing or rubbing it against a surface."], "links": [["sharpen", "sharpen"], ["knife", "knife#Noun"], ["cutting", "cutting#Adjective"], ["instrument", "instrument"], ["honing", "hone#Verb"], ["rubbing", "rub#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete)", "To sharpen (a knife or other cutting instrument) by honing or rubbing it against a surface."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To soothe (someone); also, to flatter or indulge (someone)."], "links": [["soothe", "soothe"], ["indulge", "indulge"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete)", "(figuratively) To soothe (someone); also, to flatter or indulge (someone)."], "tags": ["figuratively", "obsolete", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/stɹəʊk/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "strōk", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹoʊk/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/stɹʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"ipa": "/stɾʌok/", "note": "Local Dublin"}, {"audio": "En-us-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg/En-us-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/En-us-stroke.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-stroke.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg/En-au-stroke.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-au-stroke.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊk"}], "translations": [{"code": "af", "lang": "Afrikaans", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streel"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ledhatoj"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "fërkoj"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "lāṭafa", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "لَاطَفَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "mallasa", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "مَلَّسَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "šoyel", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "շոյել"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sığallamaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sığal çəkmək"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "hládzicʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дзіць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pahládzicʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "пагла́дзіць"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "gládja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дя"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pogládja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дя"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "galja", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "галя"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "sap", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "သပ်"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "fǔ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫 /抚"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "fǔmó", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫摩 /抚摩"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hladit"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pohladit"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryge"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strelen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strijken"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "aaien"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silitama"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strúka"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silittää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "pyyhkiä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sivellä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "caresser"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streicheln"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streichen"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "chaïdévo", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "χαϊδεύω"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "thopévo", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "θωπεύω"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "litéf", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ליטף \\ לִטֵּף"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "sahlānā", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "सहलाना"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "puckārnā", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "पुचकारना"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "simít"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "simogat"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strjúka"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "elus"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "slíoc"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "accarezzare"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "naderu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "なでる"}, {"alt": "なでる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "naderu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "撫でる"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "älpeşteu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "әлпештеу"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "sipau", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "сипау"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "kbət", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ក្បិត"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bɑɑbɑbaoh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "បបោស"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "ʼɑɑʼɑngʼael", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "អង្អែល"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sseudadeumda", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "쓰다듬다"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glaudeit"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glausteit"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "mulceō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "palpō"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glaudīt"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "glostyti"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "gali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гали"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pogali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погали"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "izgali", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "изгали"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "hokomirimiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "moremore"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ilex", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "илэх"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "taalax", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "таалах"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ilikü", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Mongolian"], "word": "ᠢᠯᠢᠬᠦ"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "taɣalaqu", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Mongolian"], "word": "ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryke"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "gladiti", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "гладити"}, {"code": "orv", "lang": "Old East Slavic", "roman": "gladiti", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гладити"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "strīcan"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "navâzeš kardan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "نوازش کردن"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "głaskać"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pogłaskać"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "gładzić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "wygładzić"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "mângâia"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "gláditʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дить"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pogláditʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дить"}, {"code": "ru", "english": "to caress", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "laskátʹ", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ласка́ть"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "straik"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "slìog"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "гла̏дити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["Roman", "imperfective"], "word": "glȁditi"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hladiť"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pohladiť"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "božati"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pobožati"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "głaźiś"}, {"code": "hsb", "lang": "Upper Sorbian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "hładźić"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "acariciar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "stryka"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "navoziš kardan", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "навозиш кардан"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lá-boom", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ละโบม"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lûup", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "ลูบ"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "nûuat", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "นวด"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "sıvazlamak"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "okşamak"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "hládyty", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "гла́дити"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pohládyty", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "погла́дити"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "silamoq"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "vuốt"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "anwesu"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "gorllyfnu"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "to move one’s hand or an object along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly", "word": "streakje"}], "word": "stroke"}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.