Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

down/English/noun

1: down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Albanian translations", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Marathi translations", "Requests for review of Northern Kurdish translations", "Requests for review of Romanian translations", "Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Chickasaw translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Fijian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "amp down"}, {"word": "antidown"}, {"word": "a whisper down the lane"}, {"word": "backdown"}, {"word": "bag down"}, {"word": "ball down"}, {"word": "bar down"}, {"word": "be down with"}, {"word": "belt down"}, {"word": "bid down"}, {"word": "blaze down"}, {"word": "boildown"}, {"word": "bolt down"}, {"word": "bone down"}, {"word": "bottle down"}, {"word": "bouncedown"}, {"word": "bowl down"}, {"word": "Branton"}, {"word": "break-down"}, {"word": "breast down"}, {"word": "bringdown"}, {"word": "bring down on"}, {"word": "bring down the curtain"}, {"word": "bro down"}, {"word": "buck down"}, {"word": "buff down"}, {"word": "bug down"}, {"word": "builddown"}, {"word": "bunk down"}, {"word": "burn one down"}, {"word": "buss-down"}, {"word": "buss down"}, {"word": "bust down"}, {"word": "bust-down"}, {"word": "butter down"}, {"word": "buy down"}, {"word": "buydown"}, {"word": "camp down"}, {"word": "cast down"}, {"word": "catch someone with their pants down"}, {"word": "chalk down"}, {"word": "chalk it down"}, {"word": "champ down on"}, {"word": "chuck down"}, {"word": "clean down"}, {"word": "cleardown"}, {"word": "clew down"}, {"word": "climbdown"}, {"word": "comb down"}, {"word": "copy down"}, {"word": "couch down"}, {"word": "countdown"}, {"word": "cramdown"}, {"word": "cure down"}, {"word": "darken down"}, {"word": "dig down"}, {"word": "Dorset Down"}, {"word": "douche down"}, {"word": "downable"}, {"word": "downalator"}, {"word": "down and distance"}, {"word": "down and out"}, {"word": "down at heel"}, {"word": "down at heels"}, {"word": "down-at-the-heel"}, {"word": "downbeat"}, {"word": "downblend"}, {"word": "downblouse"}, {"word": "downbound"}, {"word": "downbow"}, {"word": "downburst"}, {"word": "downcard"}, {"word": "downcase"}, {"word": "downchirp"}, {"word": "downclimb"}, {"word": "downcoast"}, {"word": "downcomer"}, {"word": "down-crested"}, {"word": "downcutting"}, {"word": "downcycle"}, {"word": "downdip"}, {"word": "downdraft"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "downed"}, {"word": "downer"}, {"word": "downface"}, {"word": "downfall"}, {"word": "downfalling"}, {"word": "downfield"}, {"word": "downflood"}, {"word": "downflow"}, {"word": "downfold"}, {"word": "downforce"}, {"word": "down for the count"}, {"word": "downgauge"}, {"word": "downgaze"}, {"word": "downglide"}, {"word": "downgoing"}, {"word": "downgone"}, {"word": "downgyved"}, {"word": "down-gyved"}, {"word": "downhearted"}, {"word": "down-hearted"}, {"word": "down-hole"}, {"word": "down in the dumps"}, {"word": "down in the mouth"}, {"word": "downish"}, {"word": "downless"}, {"word": "downlight"}, {"word": "downlighting"}, {"word": "downlike"}, {"word": "download"}, {"word": "downlooked"}, {"word": "downlooker"}, {"word": "downlying"}, {"word": "downmass"}, {"word": "down memory lane"}, {"word": "down-modulate"}, {"word": "downmost"}, {"word": "downness"}, {"word": "down on one's luck"}, {"word": "down-page"}, {"word": "down pat"}, {"word": "down payment"}, {"word": "downpick"}, {"word": "downpipe"}, {"word": "downpress"}, {"word": "downpression"}, {"word": "downpressor"}, {"word": "down quark"}, {"word": "downrange"}, {"word": "downrank"}, {"word": "down-river"}, {"word": "down round"}, {"word": "down route"}, {"word": "downroute"}, {"word": "downsample"}, {"word": "downselection"}, {"word": "downshift"}, {"word": "downshifter"}, {"word": "downsitting"}, {"word": "downslope"}, {"word": "downsloping"}, {"word": "downslur"}, {"word": "downsome"}, {"word": "down someone's alley"}, {"word": "downspout"}, {"word": "downstair"}, {"word": "downstate"}, {"word": "downstreet"}, {"word": "downstrike"}, {"word": "downstroke"}, {"word": "downstroy"}, {"word": "downstyle"}, {"word": "down-tempo"}, {"word": "downtempo"}, {"word": "down the hatch"}, {"word": "downthrow"}, {"word": "downthrown"}, {"word": "downtick"}, {"word": "down to every move on the board"}, {"word": "downtone"}, {"word": "down to the short strokes"}, {"word": "downtown"}, {"word": "downtread"}, {"word": "downtube"}, {"word": "down upon one's luck"}, {"word": "downward"}, {"word": "downwarp"}, {"word": "down with one's dust"}, {"word": "down with the dust"}, {"word": "downzone"}, {"word": "dragger-down"}, {"word": "drawdown"}, {"word": "drilldown"}, {"word": "drink down"}, {"word": "drop-down menu"}, {"word": "drydown"}, {"word": "dubdown"}, {"word": "duck down"}, {"word": "dumbed-down"}, {"word": "eiderdown"}, {"word": "evendown"}, {"word": "fasten down"}, {"word": "featherdown"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "first down"}, {"word": "fish down"}, {"word": "flake down"}, {"word": "flat down"}, {"word": "flatten down"}, {"word": "flop down"}, {"word": "flump down"}, {"word": "force down someone's throat"}, {"tags": ["US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "fourth down"}, {"word": "get down on"}, {"word": "glow-down"}, {"word": "go down south"}, {"word": "goosedown"}, {"word": "guzzle down"}, {"word": "harsh down"}, {"word": "have down"}, {"word": "have down as"}, {"word": "hew down"}, {"word": "hoedown"}, {"word": "hold it down"}, {"word": "hoot down"}, {"word": "horf down"}, {"word": "hound down"}, {"word": "howl down"}, {"word": "ice down"}, {"word": "jaw down"}, {"word": "keep one's voice down"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knockdown"}, {"word": "knock-down-and-drag-out"}, {"word": "lamb down"}, {"word": "lard down"}, {"word": "lay down"}, {"word": "lay the hammer down"}, {"word": "lengthen down"}, {"word": "live down to"}, {"word": "load down"}, {"word": "lookdown"}, {"word": "lowdown"}, {"word": "manage down"}, {"word": "mix down"}, {"word": "mixdown"}, {"word": "moondown"}, {"word": "mop down"}, {"word": "mountdown"}, {"word": "neckdown"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "officer down"}, {"word": "party down"}, {"word": "pastedown"}, {"word": "pat-down"}, {"word": "playdown"}, {"word": "plead down"}, {"word": "plough down"}, {"word": "plow down"}, {"word": "pop down"}, {"word": "press down"}, {"word": "pull the shutters down"}, {"word": "push down"}, {"word": "pushdown"}, {"word": "put it down"}, {"word": "put something down to experience"}, {"word": "put the boom down"}, {"word": "pyramid down"}, {"word": "render down"}, {"word": "ride down"}, {"word": "ride down on"}, {"word": "ringdown"}, {"word": "rinse down"}, {"word": "rip down"}, {"word": "salt down"}, {"word": "scale-down"}, {"word": "scoff down"}, {"word": "scour down"}, {"word": "scrape down"}, {"word": "scrawl down"}, {"word": "scribble down"}, {"word": "scrounge down"}, {"word": "scrub down"}, {"word": "sdown"}, {"word": "seat down"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "second down"}, {"word": "sell down the river"}, {"word": "send down for"}, {"word": "shine down on"}, {"word": "shine down upon"}, {"word": "shoot down"}, {"word": "short down"}, {"word": "shorten down"}, {"word": "shove down"}, {"word": "show down"}, {"word": "showdown"}, {"word": "shrink down"}, {"word": "shut-down"}, {"word": "skinny down"}, {"word": "slam down"}, {"word": "slapdown"}, {"word": "slowing-down time"}, {"word": "slump down"}, {"word": "smackdown"}, {"word": "snack down on"}, {"word": "snork down"}, {"word": "snug down"}, {"word": "soap down"}, {"word": "sober down"}, {"word": "speak down to"}, {"word": "spelldown"}, {"word": "spindown"}, {"word": "splashdown"}, {"word": "spooldown"}, {"word": "staredown"}, {"word": "steep-down"}, {"word": "Stonebeck Down"}, {"word": "stowdown"}, {"word": "strapdown"}, {"word": "sugar down"}, {"word": "sundown"}, {"word": "swab down"}, {"word": "swallow down"}, {"word": "swill down"}, {"word": "tail down"}, {"word": "talkdown"}, {"word": "teem down"}, {"word": "ten toes down"}, {"word": "the house down"}, {"word": "thin down"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "third down"}, {"word": "thistledown"}, {"word": "tighten down"}, {"word": "top-down"}, {"word": "torch down"}, {"word": "toss down"}, {"word": "touchdown"}, {"word": "towel down"}, {"word": "trace down"}, {"word": "tread down"}, {"word": "trickledown"}, {"word": "trim down"}, {"word": "tune down"}, {"word": "turndown"}, {"word": "turtle down"}, {"word": "up and down house"}, {"word": "up hill and down dell"}, {"word": "upside down"}, {"word": "walk down"}, {"word": "wet down"}, {"word": "while you're down there"}, {"word": "whisper down the lane"}, {"word": "whittle down"}, {"word": "window down"}, {"word": "winnow down"}, {"word": "wolve down"}, {"word": "you can't keep a good man down"}, {"word": "zipper down"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "direction"}, "expansion": "", "name": "etymid"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doun"}, "expansion": "Middle English doun", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūne"}, "expansion": "Old English dūne", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "dāle", "3": "", "4": "(in/to the) valley"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”)", "name": "noncog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doun, from Old English dūne, aphetic form of adūne, from ofdūne (“off the hill”). For the development from directional phrases to prepositions, compare Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”), i.e. \"down(wards)\".", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "down (plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I love almost everything about my job. The only down is that I can't take Saturdays off.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A negative aspect; a downer, a downside."], "links": [["negative", "negative"], ["downer", "downer"], ["downside", "downside"]]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York, published 2007, page 10:", "text": "She had a down on me. I don't know what for, I'm sure; because I never said a word.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A grudge (on someone)."], "links": [["grudge", "grudge"], ["on", "on#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) A grudge (on someone)."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1984 December 29, Gena Spero, “Innocent Lesbian In Prison”, in Gay Community News, volume 12, number 25, page 4:", "text": "I am on drugs that I don't need to be on. They feel if I'm on a lot of downs, then I won't complain about my prison life", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A downer, depressant."], "links": [["downer", "downer"], ["depressant", "depressant"]]}, {"glosses": ["An act of swallowing an entire drink at once."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "en:Football (American)"], "examples": [{"text": "I bet after the third down, the kicker will replace the quarterback on the field.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed."], "links": [["American football", "American football"]], "raw_glosses": ["(American football) A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed."], "topics": ["American-football", "ball-games", "football", "games", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I haven't solved 12 or 13 across, but I've got most of the downs.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid."], "links": [["vertical", "vertical"], ["grid", "grid"]], "qualifier": "crosswords", "raw_glosses": ["(crosswords) A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "She lives in a two-up two-down.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A downstairs room of a two-story house."]}, {"glosses": ["Down payment."], "links": [["Down payment", "down payment"]]}, {"glosses": ["The lightest quark with a charge number of −¹⁄₃."], "links": [["quark", "quark"]]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "intent"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "down"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "ronde"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "kwart"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}
1: down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Celtic", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with unknown etymologies", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "Ashley Down"}, {"word": "Bedminster Down"}, {"word": "Clifton Down"}, {"word": "downland"}, {"word": "Downside"}, {"word": "Emery Down"}, {"word": "Epsom Downs"}, {"word": "Hackney Downs"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "Quintrell Downs"}, {"word": "South Downs"}, {"word": "Southern Downs"}, {"word": "St Boniface Down"}, {"word": "West Down"}, {"word": "Western Downs"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doune"}, "expansion": "Middle English doune", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūn"}, "expansion": "Old English dūn", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*dūnā", "4": "*dūn", "t": "sandhill, dune"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dūn (“sandhill, dune”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "title": "uncertain origin"}, "expansion": "uncertain origin", "name": "unc"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*dūnaz"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dūnaz", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-", "t": "smoke, haze, dust"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*dūnom", "4": "", "5": "hill; hillfort"}, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“hill; hillfort”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "din", "3": "", "4": "hill"}, "expansion": "Welsh din (“hill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "hill, fort"}, "expansion": "Irish dún (“hill, fort”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-", "4": "", "5": "to finish, come full circle"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "duin", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Düne", "3": "", "4": "dune"}, "expansion": "German Düne (“dune”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "Down"}, "expansion": "Doublet of Down", "name": "doublet"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doune, from Old English dūn, from Proto-West Germanic *dūn (“sandhill, dune”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz, *dūnǭ (“pile, heap”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”). Alternatively, perhaps borrowed from Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“hill; hillfort”) (compare Welsh din (“hill”), Irish dún (“hill, fort”)), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”). Cognate with West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”), Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”), German Düne (“dune”). More at town; akin to dune. Doublet of Down.", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Southern England English"], "examples": [{"text": "We went for a walk over the downs.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills in south east England.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:", "text": "And with each end of thy blue bow dost crown\n My bosky acres and my unshrubb'd down", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1691, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation, London: Pr. for S. Smith, →OCLC:", "text": "...as they muſt needs acknowledge who have been on the Downs of Suſſex, and enjoyed that ravishing Proſpect of the Sea on one Hand, and the Country far and wide on the other.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1842, Alfred Tennyson, “Lady Clare”, in Poems, London: Edward Moxon, →OCLC, page 198:", "text": "She went by dale, and she went by down,\n With a single rose in her hair.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1898, H. G. Wells, Certain Personal Matters: A Collection of Material, Mainly Autobiographical, Lawrence & Bullen, →OCLC, page 256:", "text": "The amateur nature-lover proceeds over the down, appreciating all this as hard as he can appreciate, and anon gazing up at the grey and white cloud shapes melting slowly from this form to that, and showing lakes, and wide expanses, and serene distances of blue between their gaps.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "links": [["hill", "hill"]], "qualifier": "often in place names", "raw_glosses": ["(especially Southern England, also Australia, often plural, often in place names) A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "tags": ["Australia", "Southern-England", "also", "countable", "especially", "often", "plural", "uncountable"]}, {"glosses": ["A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "raw_glosses": ["(usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "tags": ["countable", "plural-normally", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1636, George Sandys, “A Paraphrase Vpon Iob”, in Early English Books:", "text": "Seven thousand broad-taild Sheepe gras'd on his Downes;", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "raw_glosses": ["(UK, chiefly in the plural) A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "tags": ["UK", "countable", "in-plural", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "goon"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "højdedrag"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "heuvel"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "kumpu"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "Hügel"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "lofáki", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "λοφάκι"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "ritče", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "ритче"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "colina"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "xolm", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "холм"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "bezlésaja vozvýšennostʹ", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "безле́сая возвы́шенность"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "páhorb", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "па́горб"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "bane"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "veld"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "baan"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "rata"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "maidān", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "मैदान"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "meydân", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "میدان"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "ipodróm", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "іподро́м"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}
1: down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "down feather"}, {"word": "down jacket"}, {"word": "powder-down feather"}, {"word": "powder-down patch"}], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doun"}, "expansion": "Middle English doun", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "dúnn"}, "expansion": "Old Norse dúnn", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*dūnaz", "4": "", "5": "down"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dūnaz (“down”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰowh₂-nis"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰowh₂-nis", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Duune", "3": "", "4": "fluff, down"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Duune (“fluff, down”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Daune", "3": "", "4": "down"}, "expansion": "German Daune (“down”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "dun", "3": "", "4": "down"}, "expansion": "Danish dun (“down”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doun, from Old Norse dúnn, from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz (“down”), which is related to *dauniz (“(pleasant) smell”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰowh₂-nis, from the root *dʰewh₂-.\nCognate with Saterland Frisian Duune (“fluff, down”), German Daune (“down”) and Danish dun (“down”).", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"glosses": ["Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets."], "links": [["fluffy", "fluffy"], ["feather", "feather"], ["duvet", "duvet"], ["sleeping bag", "sleeping bag"], ["jacket", "jacket"]], "senseid": ["en:feathers"], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Botany"], "examples": [{"ref": "1718, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, London: W. Churchill, →OCLC, page 120:", "text": "Down or Cotton-Thiſtle. This hath many large Leaves lying on the Ground, ſomewhat cut in, and as it were crumpled on the Edges, of a green Colour on the upper ſide, but covered with long hairy Wool or Cottony Down, ſet with moſt ſharp and cruel pricks", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1998, Valerie Worth, The Crone's Book of Charms and Spells, Minnesota: Llewellyn Publications, →ISBN, page 152:", "text": "No candle should light it, neither should any flower adorn it, save for several dried stalks of old and withered thistles, their heads pale with silken down, held in a common glass jar.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle."], "links": [["botany", "botany"], ["pubescence", "pubescence"], ["plant", "plant"], ["thistle", "thistle"]], "raw_glosses": ["(botany) The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle."], "senseid": ["en:pubescence"], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"], "topics": ["biology", "botany", "natural-sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1717, John Dryden, The Dramatick Works of John Dryden, Esq., volume the fourth, London: Jacob Tonson, →OCLC, page 136:", "text": "But love him as he was, when youthful Grace,\n And the firſt Down began to ſhade his face", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1867, Ivan Sergheïevitch Turgenef [i.e., Ivan Turgenev], chapter I, in Eugene Schuyler, transl., Fathers and Sons […], New York, N.Y.: Leypoldt and Holt, →OCLC, page 1:", "text": "The servant to whom he put this question was a young fellow with chubby cheeks, small, dull eyes, and a round chin, covered with a colorless down.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear."], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1696, Tho[mas] Southerne, Oroonoko: A Tragedy […], London: […] H[enry] Playford […]; B[enjamin] Tooke […]; [a]nd S. Buckley […], →OCLC, act V, scene the last [iv], pages 76–77:", "text": "Thou boſom Softneſs! Down of all my Cares!\n I cou'd recline my thoughts upon this Breaſt\n To a forgetfulneſs of all my Griefs,\n And yet be happy: but it wonnot be.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, (please specify |part=Prologue or Rpilogue, or |canto=I to CXXIX):", "text": "When in the down I sink my head,\n Sleep, Death's twin brother, times my breath.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down."], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aġvamaz", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "աղվամազ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "bmbul", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "բմբուլ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "mamıq", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "мамыҡ"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "marbluñv"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dum"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "puh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "mǎh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "мъх"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plomissol"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plomís"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "borrissol"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽絨"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǔróng", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽绒"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "manbluv"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "chmýří"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "dons"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "untuva"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "duvet"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "penuxe"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "froxel"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "peluxe"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ɣinɣli", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ღინღლი"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Daune"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "poúpoula", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "plural"], "word": "πούπουλα"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "lákhnē", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "λάχνη"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "mnoûs", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "μνοῦς"}, {"code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "qivioq"}, {"code": "haw", "lang": "Hawaiian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "heu"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pihetoll"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pehely"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dúnn"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "clúmh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "piumino"}, {"alt": "うもう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "umou", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽毛"}, {"alt": "わたげ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "watage", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "綿毛"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "daun", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ダウン"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "somteol", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "솜털"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "paperje", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "паперје"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "mov", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "мов"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "hune"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "avavun", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ававун"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "tüy", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "توی"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "puch"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "penugem"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pušók", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пушо́к"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "doon"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clòimh"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clòimhteach"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter", "plural"], "word": "páperie"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "puh"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plumón"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "kǒn-ui", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ขนอุย"}, {"code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "bya spu", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "བྱ་སྤུ"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "kuş tüyü"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "tüy"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pufla"}, {"code": "tyz", "lang": "Tày", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "khuôn búa"}, {"code": "tyz", "lang": "Tày", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "khuôn buốt"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "daun"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "plural"], "word": "manblu"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "borrissol"}, {"code": "haw", "lang": "Hawaiian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "heu"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "moholy"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "bolyhosság"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "bolyh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "pubescenza"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "lānūgō"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhuna"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhune"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhunga"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "manflew"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "goflew"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "marblev"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "duvet"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ɣinɣli", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "ღინღლი"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "chnoúdi", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "χνούδι"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "íoulos", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "ἴουλος"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "lānūgō"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "buço"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "tulei"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vello"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "ayva tüyü"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pušók", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пушо́к"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "manflew"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["plural"], "word": "blewiach"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}
1: down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Albanian translations", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Marathi translations", "Requests for review of Northern Kurdish translations", "Requests for review of Romanian translations", "Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Chickasaw translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Fijian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "amp down"}, {"word": "antidown"}, {"word": "a whisper down the lane"}, {"word": "backdown"}, {"word": "bag down"}, {"word": "ball down"}, {"word": "bar down"}, {"word": "be down with"}, {"word": "belt down"}, {"word": "bid down"}, {"word": "blaze down"}, {"word": "boildown"}, {"word": "bolt down"}, {"word": "bone down"}, {"word": "bottle down"}, {"word": "bouncedown"}, {"word": "bowl down"}, {"word": "Branton"}, {"word": "break-down"}, {"word": "breast down"}, {"word": "bringdown"}, {"word": "bring down on"}, {"word": "bring down the curtain"}, {"word": "bro down"}, {"word": "buck down"}, {"word": "buff down"}, {"word": "bug down"}, {"word": "builddown"}, {"word": "bunk down"}, {"word": "burn one down"}, {"word": "buss-down"}, {"word": "buss down"}, {"word": "bust down"}, {"word": "bust-down"}, {"word": "butter down"}, {"word": "buy down"}, {"word": "buydown"}, {"word": "camp down"}, {"word": "cast down"}, {"word": "catch someone with their pants down"}, {"word": "chalk down"}, {"word": "chalk it down"}, {"word": "champ down on"}, {"word": "chuck down"}, {"word": "clean down"}, {"word": "cleardown"}, {"word": "clew down"}, {"word": "climbdown"}, {"word": "comb down"}, {"word": "copy down"}, {"word": "couch down"}, {"word": "countdown"}, {"word": "cramdown"}, {"word": "cure down"}, {"word": "darken down"}, {"word": "dig down"}, {"word": "Dorset Down"}, {"word": "douche down"}, {"word": "downable"}, {"word": "downalator"}, {"word": "down and distance"}, {"word": "down and out"}, {"word": "down at heel"}, {"word": "down at heels"}, {"word": "down-at-the-heel"}, {"word": "downbeat"}, {"word": "downblend"}, {"word": "downblouse"}, {"word": "downbound"}, {"word": "downbow"}, {"word": "downburst"}, {"word": "downcard"}, {"word": "downcase"}, {"word": "downchirp"}, {"word": "downclimb"}, {"word": "downcoast"}, {"word": "downcomer"}, {"word": "down-crested"}, {"word": "downcutting"}, {"word": "downcycle"}, {"word": "downdip"}, {"word": "downdraft"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "downed"}, {"word": "downer"}, {"word": "downface"}, {"word": "downfall"}, {"word": "downfalling"}, {"word": "downfield"}, {"word": "downflood"}, {"word": "downflow"}, {"word": "downfold"}, {"word": "downforce"}, {"word": "down for the count"}, {"word": "downgauge"}, {"word": "downgaze"}, {"word": "downglide"}, {"word": "downgoing"}, {"word": "downgone"}, {"word": "downgyved"}, {"word": "down-gyved"}, {"word": "downhearted"}, {"word": "down-hearted"}, {"word": "down-hole"}, {"word": "down in the dumps"}, {"word": "down in the mouth"}, {"word": "downish"}, {"word": "downless"}, {"word": "downlight"}, {"word": "downlighting"}, {"word": "downlike"}, {"word": "download"}, {"word": "downlooked"}, {"word": "downlooker"}, {"word": "downlying"}, {"word": "downmass"}, {"word": "down memory lane"}, {"word": "down-modulate"}, {"word": "downmost"}, {"word": "downness"}, {"word": "down on one's luck"}, {"word": "down-page"}, {"word": "down pat"}, {"word": "down payment"}, {"word": "downpick"}, {"word": "downpipe"}, {"word": "downpress"}, {"word": "downpression"}, {"word": "downpressor"}, {"word": "down quark"}, {"word": "downrange"}, {"word": "downrank"}, {"word": "down-river"}, {"word": "down round"}, {"word": "down route"}, {"word": "downroute"}, {"word": "downsample"}, {"word": "downselection"}, {"word": "downshift"}, {"word": "downshifter"}, {"word": "downsitting"}, {"word": "downslope"}, {"word": "downsloping"}, {"word": "downslur"}, {"word": "downsome"}, {"word": "down someone's alley"}, {"word": "downspout"}, {"word": "downstair"}, {"word": "downstate"}, {"word": "downstreet"}, {"word": "downstrike"}, {"word": "downstroke"}, {"word": "downstroy"}, {"word": "downstyle"}, {"word": "down-tempo"}, {"word": "downtempo"}, {"word": "down the hatch"}, {"word": "downthrow"}, {"word": "downthrown"}, {"word": "downtick"}, {"word": "down to every move on the board"}, {"word": "downtone"}, {"word": "down to the short strokes"}, {"word": "downtown"}, {"word": "downtread"}, {"word": "downtube"}, {"word": "down upon one's luck"}, {"word": "downward"}, {"word": "downwarp"}, {"word": "down with one's dust"}, {"word": "down with the dust"}, {"word": "downzone"}, {"word": "dragger-down"}, {"word": "drawdown"}, {"word": "drilldown"}, {"word": "drink down"}, {"word": "drop-down menu"}, {"word": "drydown"}, {"word": "dubdown"}, {"word": "duck down"}, {"word": "dumbed-down"}, {"word": "eiderdown"}, {"word": "evendown"}, {"word": "fasten down"}, {"word": "featherdown"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "first down"}, {"word": "fish down"}, {"word": "flake down"}, {"word": "flat down"}, {"word": "flatten down"}, {"word": "flop down"}, {"word": "flump down"}, {"word": "force down someone's throat"}, {"tags": ["US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "fourth down"}, {"word": "get down on"}, {"word": "glow-down"}, {"word": "go down south"}, {"word": "goosedown"}, {"word": "guzzle down"}, {"word": "harsh down"}, {"word": "have down"}, {"word": "have down as"}, {"word": "hew down"}, {"word": "hoedown"}, {"word": "hold it down"}, {"word": "hoot down"}, {"word": "horf down"}, {"word": "hound down"}, {"word": "howl down"}, {"word": "ice down"}, {"word": "jaw down"}, {"word": "keep one's voice down"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knockdown"}, {"word": "knock-down-and-drag-out"}, {"word": "lamb down"}, {"word": "lard down"}, {"word": "lay down"}, {"word": "lay the hammer down"}, {"word": "lengthen down"}, {"word": "live down to"}, {"word": "load down"}, {"word": "lookdown"}, {"word": "lowdown"}, {"word": "manage down"}, {"word": "mix down"}, {"word": "mixdown"}, {"word": "moondown"}, {"word": "mop down"}, {"word": "mountdown"}, {"word": "neckdown"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "officer down"}, {"word": "party down"}, {"word": "pastedown"}, {"word": "pat-down"}, {"word": "playdown"}, {"word": "plead down"}, {"word": "plough down"}, {"word": "plow down"}, {"word": "pop down"}, {"word": "press down"}, {"word": "pull the shutters down"}, {"word": "push down"}, {"word": "pushdown"}, {"word": "put it down"}, {"word": "put something down to experience"}, {"word": "put the boom down"}, {"word": "pyramid down"}, {"word": "render down"}, {"word": "ride down"}, {"word": "ride down on"}, {"word": "ringdown"}, {"word": "rinse down"}, {"word": "rip down"}, {"word": "salt down"}, {"word": "scale-down"}, {"word": "scoff down"}, {"word": "scour down"}, {"word": "scrape down"}, {"word": "scrawl down"}, {"word": "scribble down"}, {"word": "scrounge down"}, {"word": "scrub down"}, {"word": "sdown"}, {"word": "seat down"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "second down"}, {"word": "sell down the river"}, {"word": "send down for"}, {"word": "shine down on"}, {"word": "shine down upon"}, {"word": "shoot down"}, {"word": "short down"}, {"word": "shorten down"}, {"word": "shove down"}, {"word": "show down"}, {"word": "showdown"}, {"word": "shrink down"}, {"word": "shut-down"}, {"word": "skinny down"}, {"word": "slam down"}, {"word": "slapdown"}, {"word": "slowing-down time"}, {"word": "slump down"}, {"word": "smackdown"}, {"word": "snack down on"}, {"word": "snork down"}, {"word": "snug down"}, {"word": "soap down"}, {"word": "sober down"}, {"word": "speak down to"}, {"word": "spelldown"}, {"word": "spindown"}, {"word": "splashdown"}, {"word": "spooldown"}, {"word": "staredown"}, {"word": "steep-down"}, {"word": "Stonebeck Down"}, {"word": "stowdown"}, {"word": "strapdown"}, {"word": "sugar down"}, {"word": "sundown"}, {"word": "swab down"}, {"word": "swallow down"}, {"word": "swill down"}, {"word": "tail down"}, {"word": "talkdown"}, {"word": "teem down"}, {"word": "ten toes down"}, {"word": "the house down"}, {"word": "thin down"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "third down"}, {"word": "thistledown"}, {"word": "tighten down"}, {"word": "top-down"}, {"word": "torch down"}, {"word": "toss down"}, {"word": "touchdown"}, {"word": "towel down"}, {"word": "trace down"}, {"word": "tread down"}, {"word": "trickledown"}, {"word": "trim down"}, {"word": "tune down"}, {"word": "turndown"}, {"word": "turtle down"}, {"word": "up and down house"}, {"word": "up hill and down dell"}, {"word": "upside down"}, {"word": "walk down"}, {"word": "wet down"}, {"word": "while you're down there"}, {"word": "whisper down the lane"}, {"word": "whittle down"}, {"word": "window down"}, {"word": "winnow down"}, {"word": "wolve down"}, {"word": "you can't keep a good man down"}, {"word": "zipper down"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "direction"}, "expansion": "", "name": "etymid"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doun"}, "expansion": "Middle English doun", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūne"}, "expansion": "Old English dūne", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "dāle", "3": "", "4": "(in/to the) valley"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”)", "name": "noncog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doun, from Old English dūne, aphetic form of adūne, from ofdūne (“off the hill”). For the development from directional phrases to prepositions, compare Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”), i.e. \"down(wards)\".", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "down (plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I love almost everything about my job. The only down is that I can't take Saturdays off.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A negative aspect; a downer, a downside."], "links": [["negative", "negative"], ["downer", "downer"], ["downside", "downside"]]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York, published 2007, page 10:", "text": "She had a down on me. I don't know what for, I'm sure; because I never said a word.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A grudge (on someone)."], "links": [["grudge", "grudge"], ["on", "on#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) A grudge (on someone)."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1984 December 29, Gena Spero, “Innocent Lesbian In Prison”, in Gay Community News, volume 12, number 25, page 4:", "text": "I am on drugs that I don't need to be on. They feel if I'm on a lot of downs, then I won't complain about my prison life", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A downer, depressant."], "links": [["downer", "downer"], ["depressant", "depressant"]]}, {"glosses": ["An act of swallowing an entire drink at once."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "en:Football (American)"], "examples": [{"text": "I bet after the third down, the kicker will replace the quarterback on the field.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed."], "links": [["American football", "American football"]], "raw_glosses": ["(American football) A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed."], "topics": ["American-football", "ball-games", "football", "games", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I haven't solved 12 or 13 across, but I've got most of the downs.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid."], "links": [["vertical", "vertical"], ["grid", "grid"]], "qualifier": "crosswords", "raw_glosses": ["(crosswords) A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "She lives in a two-up two-down.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A downstairs room of a two-story house."]}, {"glosses": ["Down payment."], "links": [["Down payment", "down payment"]]}, {"glosses": ["The lightest quark with a charge number of −¹⁄₃."], "links": [["quark", "quark"]]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "intent"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "down"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "ronde"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "kwart"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}
1: down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Celtic", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with unknown etymologies", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "Ashley Down"}, {"word": "Bedminster Down"}, {"word": "Clifton Down"}, {"word": "downland"}, {"word": "Downside"}, {"word": "Emery Down"}, {"word": "Epsom Downs"}, {"word": "Hackney Downs"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "Quintrell Downs"}, {"word": "South Downs"}, {"word": "Southern Downs"}, {"word": "St Boniface Down"}, {"word": "West Down"}, {"word": "Western Downs"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doune"}, "expansion": "Middle English doune", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūn"}, "expansion": "Old English dūn", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*dūnā", "4": "*dūn", "t": "sandhill, dune"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dūn (“sandhill, dune”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "title": "uncertain origin"}, "expansion": "uncertain origin", "name": "unc"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*dūnaz"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dūnaz", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-", "t": "smoke, haze, dust"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*dūnom", "4": "", "5": "hill; hillfort"}, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“hill; hillfort”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "din", "3": "", "4": "hill"}, "expansion": "Welsh din (“hill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "hill, fort"}, "expansion": "Irish dún (“hill, fort”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-", "4": "", "5": "to finish, come full circle"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "duin", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Düne", "3": "", "4": "dune"}, "expansion": "German Düne (“dune”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "Down"}, "expansion": "Doublet of Down", "name": "doublet"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doune, from Old English dūn, from Proto-West Germanic *dūn (“sandhill, dune”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz, *dūnǭ (“pile, heap”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”). Alternatively, perhaps borrowed from Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“hill; hillfort”) (compare Welsh din (“hill”), Irish dún (“hill, fort”)), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”). Cognate with West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”), Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”), German Düne (“dune”). More at town; akin to dune. Doublet of Down.", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Southern England English"], "examples": [{"text": "We went for a walk over the downs.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills in south east England.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:", "text": "And with each end of thy blue bow dost crown\n My bosky acres and my unshrubb'd down", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1691, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation, London: Pr. for S. Smith, →OCLC:", "text": "...as they muſt needs acknowledge who have been on the Downs of Suſſex, and enjoyed that ravishing Proſpect of the Sea on one Hand, and the Country far and wide on the other.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1842, Alfred Tennyson, “Lady Clare”, in Poems, London: Edward Moxon, →OCLC, page 198:", "text": "She went by dale, and she went by down,\n With a single rose in her hair.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1898, H. G. Wells, Certain Personal Matters: A Collection of Material, Mainly Autobiographical, Lawrence & Bullen, →OCLC, page 256:", "text": "The amateur nature-lover proceeds over the down, appreciating all this as hard as he can appreciate, and anon gazing up at the grey and white cloud shapes melting slowly from this form to that, and showing lakes, and wide expanses, and serene distances of blue between their gaps.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "links": [["hill", "hill"]], "qualifier": "often in place names", "raw_glosses": ["(especially Southern England, also Australia, often plural, often in place names) A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "tags": ["Australia", "Southern-England", "also", "countable", "especially", "often", "plural", "uncountable"]}, {"glosses": ["A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "raw_glosses": ["(usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "tags": ["countable", "plural-normally", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1636, George Sandys, “A Paraphrase Vpon Iob”, in Early English Books:", "text": "Seven thousand broad-taild Sheepe gras'd on his Downes;", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "raw_glosses": ["(UK, chiefly in the plural) A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "tags": ["UK", "countable", "in-plural", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "goon"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "højdedrag"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "heuvel"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "kumpu"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "Hügel"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "lofáki", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "λοφάκι"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "ritče", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "ритче"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "colina"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "xolm", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "холм"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "bezlésaja vozvýšennostʹ", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "безле́сая возвы́шенность"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "páhorb", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "па́горб"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "bane"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "veld"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "baan"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "rata"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "maidān", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "मैदान"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "meydân", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "میدان"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "ipodróm", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "іподро́м"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}
1: down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "down feather"}, {"word": "down jacket"}, {"word": "powder-down feather"}, {"word": "powder-down patch"}], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doun"}, "expansion": "Middle English doun", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "dúnn"}, "expansion": "Old Norse dúnn", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*dūnaz", "4": "", "5": "down"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dūnaz (“down”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰowh₂-nis"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰowh₂-nis", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Duune", "3": "", "4": "fluff, down"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Duune (“fluff, down”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Daune", "3": "", "4": "down"}, "expansion": "German Daune (“down”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "dun", "3": "", "4": "down"}, "expansion": "Danish dun (“down”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doun, from Old Norse dúnn, from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz (“down”), which is related to *dauniz (“(pleasant) smell”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰowh₂-nis, from the root *dʰewh₂-.\nCognate with Saterland Frisian Duune (“fluff, down”), German Daune (“down”) and Danish dun (“down”).", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"glosses": ["Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets."], "links": [["fluffy", "fluffy"], ["feather", "feather"], ["duvet", "duvet"], ["sleeping bag", "sleeping bag"], ["jacket", "jacket"]], "senseid": ["en:feathers"], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Botany"], "examples": [{"ref": "1718, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, London: W. Churchill, →OCLC, page 120:", "text": "Down or Cotton-Thiſtle. This hath many large Leaves lying on the Ground, ſomewhat cut in, and as it were crumpled on the Edges, of a green Colour on the upper ſide, but covered with long hairy Wool or Cottony Down, ſet with moſt ſharp and cruel pricks", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1998, Valerie Worth, The Crone's Book of Charms and Spells, Minnesota: Llewellyn Publications, →ISBN, page 152:", "text": "No candle should light it, neither should any flower adorn it, save for several dried stalks of old and withered thistles, their heads pale with silken down, held in a common glass jar.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle."], "links": [["botany", "botany"], ["pubescence", "pubescence"], ["plant", "plant"], ["thistle", "thistle"]], "raw_glosses": ["(botany) The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle."], "senseid": ["en:pubescence"], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"], "topics": ["biology", "botany", "natural-sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1717, John Dryden, The Dramatick Works of John Dryden, Esq., volume the fourth, London: Jacob Tonson, →OCLC, page 136:", "text": "But love him as he was, when youthful Grace,\n And the firſt Down began to ſhade his face", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1867, Ivan Sergheïevitch Turgenef [i.e., Ivan Turgenev], chapter I, in Eugene Schuyler, transl., Fathers and Sons […], New York, N.Y.: Leypoldt and Holt, →OCLC, page 1:", "text": "The servant to whom he put this question was a young fellow with chubby cheeks, small, dull eyes, and a round chin, covered with a colorless down.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear."], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1696, Tho[mas] Southerne, Oroonoko: A Tragedy […], London: […] H[enry] Playford […]; B[enjamin] Tooke […]; [a]nd S. Buckley […], →OCLC, act V, scene the last [iv], pages 76–77:", "text": "Thou boſom Softneſs! Down of all my Cares!\n I cou'd recline my thoughts upon this Breaſt\n To a forgetfulneſs of all my Griefs,\n And yet be happy: but it wonnot be.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, (please specify |part=Prologue or Rpilogue, or |canto=I to CXXIX):", "text": "When in the down I sink my head,\n Sleep, Death's twin brother, times my breath.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down."], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aġvamaz", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "աղվամազ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "bmbul", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "բմբուլ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "mamıq", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "мамыҡ"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "marbluñv"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dum"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "puh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "mǎh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "мъх"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plomissol"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plomís"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "borrissol"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽絨"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǔróng", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽绒"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "manbluv"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "chmýří"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "dons"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "untuva"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "duvet"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "penuxe"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "froxel"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "peluxe"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ɣinɣli", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ღინღლი"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Daune"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "poúpoula", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "plural"], "word": "πούπουλα"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "lákhnē", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "λάχνη"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "mnoûs", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "μνοῦς"}, {"code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "qivioq"}, {"code": "haw", "lang": "Hawaiian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "heu"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pihetoll"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pehely"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dúnn"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "clúmh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "piumino"}, {"alt": "うもう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "umou", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽毛"}, {"alt": "わたげ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "watage", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "綿毛"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "daun", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ダウン"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "somteol", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "솜털"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "paperje", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "паперје"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "mov", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "мов"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "hune"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "avavun", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ававун"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "tüy", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "توی"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "puch"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "penugem"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pušók", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пушо́к"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "doon"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clòimh"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clòimhteach"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter", "plural"], "word": "páperie"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "puh"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plumón"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "kǒn-ui", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ขนอุย"}, {"code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "bya spu", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "བྱ་སྤུ"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "kuş tüyü"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "tüy"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pufla"}, {"code": "tyz", "lang": "Tày", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "khuôn búa"}, {"code": "tyz", "lang": "Tày", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "khuôn buốt"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "daun"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "plural"], "word": "manblu"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "borrissol"}, {"code": "haw", "lang": "Hawaiian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "heu"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "moholy"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "bolyhosság"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "bolyh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "pubescenza"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "lānūgō"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhuna"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhune"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhunga"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "manflew"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "goflew"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "marblev"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "duvet"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ɣinɣli", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "ღინღლი"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "chnoúdi", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "χνούδι"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "íoulos", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "ἴουλος"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "lānūgō"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "buço"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "tulei"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vello"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "ayva tüyü"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pušók", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пушо́к"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "manflew"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["plural"], "word": "blewiach"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}
1: down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Southern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Celtic", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with unknown etymologies", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "Ashley Down"}, {"word": "Bedminster Down"}, {"word": "Clifton Down"}, {"word": "downland"}, {"word": "Downside"}, {"word": "Emery Down"}, {"word": "Epsom Downs"}, {"word": "Hackney Downs"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "Quintrell Downs"}, {"word": "South Downs"}, {"word": "Southern Downs"}, {"word": "St Boniface Down"}, {"word": "West Down"}, {"word": "Western Downs"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doune"}, "expansion": "Middle English doune", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūn"}, "expansion": "Old English dūn", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*dūnā", "4": "*dūn", "t": "sandhill, dune"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dūn (“sandhill, dune”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "title": "uncertain origin"}, "expansion": "uncertain origin", "name": "unc"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*dūnaz"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dūnaz", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-", "t": "smoke, haze, dust"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*dūnom", "4": "", "5": "hill; hillfort"}, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“hill; hillfort”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "din", "3": "", "4": "hill"}, "expansion": "Welsh din (“hill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "hill, fort"}, "expansion": "Irish dún (“hill, fort”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-", "4": "", "5": "to finish, come full circle"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "duin", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Düne", "3": "", "4": "dune"}, "expansion": "German Düne (“dune”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "Down"}, "expansion": "Doublet of Down", "name": "doublet"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doune, from Old English dūn, from Proto-West Germanic *dūn (“sandhill, dune”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz, *dūnǭ (“pile, heap”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”). Alternatively, perhaps borrowed from Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“hill; hillfort”) (compare Welsh din (“hill”), Irish dún (“hill, fort”)), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”). Cognate with West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”), Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”), German Düne (“dune”). More at town; akin to dune. Doublet of Down.", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Southern England English"], "examples": [{"text": "We went for a walk over the downs.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills in south east England.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:", "text": "And with each end of thy blue bow dost crown\n My bosky acres and my unshrubb'd down", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1691, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation, London: Pr. for S. Smith, →OCLC:", "text": "...as they muſt needs acknowledge who have been on the Downs of Suſſex, and enjoyed that ravishing Proſpect of the Sea on one Hand, and the Country far and wide on the other.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1842, Alfred Tennyson, “Lady Clare”, in Poems, London: Edward Moxon, →OCLC, page 198:", "text": "She went by dale, and she went by down,\n With a single rose in her hair.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1898, H. G. Wells, Certain Personal Matters: A Collection of Material, Mainly Autobiographical, Lawrence & Bullen, →OCLC, page 256:", "text": "The amateur nature-lover proceeds over the down, appreciating all this as hard as he can appreciate, and anon gazing up at the grey and white cloud shapes melting slowly from this form to that, and showing lakes, and wide expanses, and serene distances of blue between their gaps.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "links": [["hill", "hill"]], "qualifier": "often in place names", "raw_glosses": ["(especially Southern England, also Australia, often plural, often in place names) A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "tags": ["Australia", "Southern-England", "also", "countable", "especially", "often", "plural", "uncountable"]}, {"glosses": ["A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "raw_glosses": ["(usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "tags": ["countable", "plural-normally", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1636, George Sandys, “A Paraphrase Vpon Iob”, in Early English Books:", "text": "Seven thousand broad-taild Sheepe gras'd on his Downes;", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "raw_glosses": ["(UK, chiefly in the plural) A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "tags": ["UK", "countable", "in-plural", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "goon"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "højdedrag"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "heuvel"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "kumpu"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "Hügel"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "lofáki", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "λοφάκι"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "ritče", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "ритче"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "colina"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "xolm", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "холм"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "bezlésaja vozvýšennostʹ", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "безле́сая возвы́шенность"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "páhorb", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "па́горб"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "bane"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "veld"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "baan"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "rata"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "maidān", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "मैदान"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "meydân", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "میدان"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "ipodróm", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "іподро́м"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Albanian translations", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Marathi translations", "Requests for review of Northern Kurdish translations", "Requests for review of Romanian translations", "Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Chickasaw translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Fijian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "amp down"}, {"word": "antidown"}, {"word": "a whisper down the lane"}, {"word": "backdown"}, {"word": "bag down"}, {"word": "ball down"}, {"word": "bar down"}, {"word": "be down with"}, {"word": "belt down"}, {"word": "bid down"}, {"word": "blaze down"}, {"word": "boildown"}, {"word": "bolt down"}, {"word": "bone down"}, {"word": "bottle down"}, {"word": "bouncedown"}, {"word": "bowl down"}, {"word": "Branton"}, {"word": "break-down"}, {"word": "breast down"}, {"word": "bringdown"}, {"word": "bring down on"}, {"word": "bring down the curtain"}, {"word": "bro down"}, {"word": "buck down"}, {"word": "buff down"}, {"word": "bug down"}, {"word": "builddown"}, {"word": "bunk down"}, {"word": "burn one down"}, {"word": "buss-down"}, {"word": "buss down"}, {"word": "bust down"}, {"word": "bust-down"}, {"word": "butter down"}, {"word": "buy down"}, {"word": "buydown"}, {"word": "camp down"}, {"word": "cast down"}, {"word": "catch someone with their pants down"}, {"word": "chalk down"}, {"word": "chalk it down"}, {"word": "champ down on"}, {"word": "chuck down"}, {"word": "clean down"}, {"word": "cleardown"}, {"word": "clew down"}, {"word": "climbdown"}, {"word": "comb down"}, {"word": "copy down"}, {"word": "couch down"}, {"word": "countdown"}, {"word": "cramdown"}, {"word": "cure down"}, {"word": "darken down"}, {"word": "dig down"}, {"word": "Dorset Down"}, {"word": "douche down"}, {"word": "downable"}, {"word": "downalator"}, {"word": "down and distance"}, {"word": "down and out"}, {"word": "down at heel"}, {"word": "down at heels"}, {"word": "down-at-the-heel"}, {"word": "downbeat"}, {"word": "downblend"}, {"word": "downblouse"}, {"word": "downbound"}, {"word": "downbow"}, {"word": "downburst"}, {"word": "downcard"}, {"word": "downcase"}, {"word": "downchirp"}, {"word": "downclimb"}, {"word": "downcoast"}, {"word": "downcomer"}, {"word": "down-crested"}, {"word": "downcutting"}, {"word": "downcycle"}, {"word": "downdip"}, {"word": "downdraft"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "downed"}, {"word": "downer"}, {"word": "downface"}, {"word": "downfall"}, {"word": "downfalling"}, {"word": "downfield"}, {"word": "downflood"}, {"word": "downflow"}, {"word": "downfold"}, {"word": "downforce"}, {"word": "down for the count"}, {"word": "downgauge"}, {"word": "downgaze"}, {"word": "downglide"}, {"word": "downgoing"}, {"word": "downgone"}, {"word": "downgyved"}, {"word": "down-gyved"}, {"word": "downhearted"}, {"word": "down-hearted"}, {"word": "down-hole"}, {"word": "down in the dumps"}, {"word": "down in the mouth"}, {"word": "downish"}, {"word": "downless"}, {"word": "downlight"}, {"word": "downlighting"}, {"word": "downlike"}, {"word": "download"}, {"word": "downlooked"}, {"word": "downlooker"}, {"word": "downlying"}, {"word": "downmass"}, {"word": "down memory lane"}, {"word": "down-modulate"}, {"word": "downmost"}, {"word": "downness"}, {"word": "down on one's luck"}, {"word": "down-page"}, {"word": "down pat"}, {"word": "down payment"}, {"word": "downpick"}, {"word": "downpipe"}, {"word": "downpress"}, {"word": "downpression"}, {"word": "downpressor"}, {"word": "down quark"}, {"word": "downrange"}, {"word": "downrank"}, {"word": "down-river"}, {"word": "down round"}, {"word": "down route"}, {"word": "downroute"}, {"word": "downsample"}, {"word": "downselection"}, {"word": "downshift"}, {"word": "downshifter"}, {"word": "downsitting"}, {"word": "downslope"}, {"word": "downsloping"}, {"word": "downslur"}, {"word": "downsome"}, {"word": "down someone's alley"}, {"word": "downspout"}, {"word": "downstair"}, {"word": "downstate"}, {"word": "downstreet"}, {"word": "downstrike"}, {"word": "downstroke"}, {"word": "downstroy"}, {"word": "downstyle"}, {"word": "down-tempo"}, {"word": "downtempo"}, {"word": "down the hatch"}, {"word": "downthrow"}, {"word": "downthrown"}, {"word": "downtick"}, {"word": "down to every move on the board"}, {"word": "downtone"}, {"word": "down to the short strokes"}, {"word": "downtown"}, {"word": "downtread"}, {"word": "downtube"}, {"word": "down upon one's luck"}, {"word": "downward"}, {"word": "downwarp"}, {"word": "down with one's dust"}, {"word": "down with the dust"}, {"word": "downzone"}, {"word": "dragger-down"}, {"word": "drawdown"}, {"word": "drilldown"}, {"word": "drink down"}, {"word": "drop-down menu"}, {"word": "drydown"}, {"word": "dubdown"}, {"word": "duck down"}, {"word": "dumbed-down"}, {"word": "eiderdown"}, {"word": "evendown"}, {"word": "fasten down"}, {"word": "featherdown"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "first down"}, {"word": "fish down"}, {"word": "flake down"}, {"word": "flat down"}, {"word": "flatten down"}, {"word": "flop down"}, {"word": "flump down"}, {"word": "force down someone's throat"}, {"tags": ["US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "fourth down"}, {"word": "get down on"}, {"word": "glow-down"}, {"word": "go down south"}, {"word": "goosedown"}, {"word": "guzzle down"}, {"word": "harsh down"}, {"word": "have down"}, {"word": "have down as"}, {"word": "hew down"}, {"word": "hoedown"}, {"word": "hold it down"}, {"word": "hoot down"}, {"word": "horf down"}, {"word": "hound down"}, {"word": "howl down"}, {"word": "ice down"}, {"word": "jaw down"}, {"word": "keep one's voice down"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knockdown"}, {"word": "knock-down-and-drag-out"}, {"word": "lamb down"}, {"word": "lard down"}, {"word": "lay down"}, {"word": "lay the hammer down"}, {"word": "lengthen down"}, {"word": "live down to"}, {"word": "load down"}, {"word": "lookdown"}, {"word": "lowdown"}, {"word": "manage down"}, {"word": "mix down"}, {"word": "mixdown"}, {"word": "moondown"}, {"word": "mop down"}, {"word": "mountdown"}, {"word": "neckdown"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "officer down"}, {"word": "party down"}, {"word": "pastedown"}, {"word": "pat-down"}, {"word": "playdown"}, {"word": "plead down"}, {"word": "plough down"}, {"word": "plow down"}, {"word": "pop down"}, {"word": "press down"}, {"word": "pull the shutters down"}, {"word": "push down"}, {"word": "pushdown"}, {"word": "put it down"}, {"word": "put something down to experience"}, {"word": "put the boom down"}, {"word": "pyramid down"}, {"word": "render down"}, {"word": "ride down"}, {"word": "ride down on"}, {"word": "ringdown"}, {"word": "rinse down"}, {"word": "rip down"}, {"word": "salt down"}, {"word": "scale-down"}, {"word": "scoff down"}, {"word": "scour down"}, {"word": "scrape down"}, {"word": "scrawl down"}, {"word": "scribble down"}, {"word": "scrounge down"}, {"word": "scrub down"}, {"word": "sdown"}, {"word": "seat down"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "second down"}, {"word": "sell down the river"}, {"word": "send down for"}, {"word": "shine down on"}, {"word": "shine down upon"}, {"word": "shoot down"}, {"word": "short down"}, {"word": "shorten down"}, {"word": "shove down"}, {"word": "show down"}, {"word": "showdown"}, {"word": "shrink down"}, {"word": "shut-down"}, {"word": "skinny down"}, {"word": "slam down"}, {"word": "slapdown"}, {"word": "slowing-down time"}, {"word": "slump down"}, {"word": "smackdown"}, {"word": "snack down on"}, {"word": "snork down"}, {"word": "snug down"}, {"word": "soap down"}, {"word": "sober down"}, {"word": "speak down to"}, {"word": "spelldown"}, {"word": "spindown"}, {"word": "splashdown"}, {"word": "spooldown"}, {"word": "staredown"}, {"word": "steep-down"}, {"word": "Stonebeck Down"}, {"word": "stowdown"}, {"word": "strapdown"}, {"word": "sugar down"}, {"word": "sundown"}, {"word": "swab down"}, {"word": "swallow down"}, {"word": "swill down"}, {"word": "tail down"}, {"word": "talkdown"}, {"word": "teem down"}, {"word": "ten toes down"}, {"word": "the house down"}, {"word": "thin down"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "third down"}, {"word": "thistledown"}, {"word": "tighten down"}, {"word": "top-down"}, {"word": "torch down"}, {"word": "toss down"}, {"word": "touchdown"}, {"word": "towel down"}, {"word": "trace down"}, {"word": "tread down"}, {"word": "trickledown"}, {"word": "trim down"}, {"word": "tune down"}, {"word": "turndown"}, {"word": "turtle down"}, {"word": "up and down house"}, {"word": "up hill and down dell"}, {"word": "upside down"}, {"word": "walk down"}, {"word": "wet down"}, {"word": "while you're down there"}, {"word": "whisper down the lane"}, {"word": "whittle down"}, {"word": "window down"}, {"word": "winnow down"}, {"word": "wolve down"}, {"word": "you can't keep a good man down"}, {"word": "zipper down"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "direction"}, "expansion": "", "name": "etymid"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doun"}, "expansion": "Middle English doun", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūne"}, "expansion": "Old English dūne", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "dāle", "3": "", "4": "(in/to the) valley"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”)", "name": "noncog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doun, from Old English dūne, aphetic form of adūne, from ofdūne (“off the hill”). For the development from directional phrases to prepositions, compare Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”), i.e. \"down(wards)\".", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "down (plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I love almost everything about my job. The only down is that I can't take Saturdays off.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A negative aspect; a downer, a downside."], "links": [["negative", "negative"], ["downer", "downer"], ["downside", "downside"]]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York, published 2007, page 10:", "text": "She had a down on me. I don't know what for, I'm sure; because I never said a word.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A grudge (on someone)."], "links": [["grudge", "grudge"], ["on", "on#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) A grudge (on someone)."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1984 December 29, Gena Spero, “Innocent Lesbian In Prison”, in Gay Community News, volume 12, number 25, page 4:", "text": "I am on drugs that I don't need to be on. They feel if I'm on a lot of downs, then I won't complain about my prison life", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A downer, depressant."], "links": [["downer", "downer"], ["depressant", "depressant"]]}, {"glosses": ["An act of swallowing an entire drink at once."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "en:Football (American)"], "examples": [{"text": "I bet after the third down, the kicker will replace the quarterback on the field.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed."], "links": [["American football", "American football"]], "raw_glosses": ["(American football) A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed."], "topics": ["American-football", "ball-games", "football", "games", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I haven't solved 12 or 13 across, but I've got most of the downs.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid."], "links": [["vertical", "vertical"], ["grid", "grid"]], "qualifier": "crosswords", "raw_glosses": ["(crosswords) A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "She lives in a two-up two-down.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A downstairs room of a two-story house."]}, {"glosses": ["Down payment."], "links": [["Down payment", "down payment"]]}, {"glosses": ["The lightest quark with a charge number of −¹⁄₃."], "links": [["quark", "quark"]]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "intent"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "down"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "ronde"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "kwart"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

down (English noun) down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Albanian translations", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Marathi translations", "Requests for review of Northern Kurdish translations", "Requests for review of Romanian translations", "Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Chickasaw translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Fijian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "amp down"}, {"word": "antidown"}, {"word": "a whisper down the lane"}, {"word": "backdown"}, {"word": "bag down"}, {"word": "ball down"}, {"word": "bar down"}, {"word": "be down with"}, {"word": "belt down"}, {"word": "bid down"}, {"word": "blaze down"}, {"word": "boildown"}, {"word": "bolt down"}, {"word": "bone down"}, {"word": "bottle down"}, {"word": "bouncedown"}, {"word": "bowl down"}, {"word": "Branton"}, {"word": "break-down"}, {"word": "breast down"}, {"word": "bringdown"}, {"word": "bring down on"}, {"word": "bring down the curtain"}, {"word": "bro down"}, {"word": "buck down"}, {"word": "buff down"}, {"word": "bug down"}, {"word": "builddown"}, {"word": "bunk down"}, {"word": "burn one down"}, {"word": "buss-down"}, {"word": "buss down"}, {"word": "bust down"}, {"word": "bust-down"}, {"word": "butter down"}, {"word": "buy down"}, {"word": "buydown"}, {"word": "camp down"}, {"word": "cast down"}, {"word": "catch someone with their pants down"}, {"word": "chalk down"}, {"word": "chalk it down"}, {"word": "champ down on"}, {"word": "chuck down"}, {"word": "clean down"}, {"word": "cleardown"}, {"word": "clew down"}, {"word": "climbdown"}, {"word": "comb down"}, {"word": "copy down"}, {"word": "couch down"}, {"word": "countdown"}, {"word": "cramdown"}, {"word": "cure down"}, {"word": "darken down"}, {"word": "dig down"}, {"word": "Dorset Down"}, {"word": "douche down"}, {"word": "downable"}, {"word": "downalator"}, {"word": "down and distance"}, {"word": "down and out"}, {"word": "down at heel"}, {"word": "down at heels"}, {"word": "down-at-the-heel"}, {"word": "downbeat"}, {"word": "downblend"}, {"word": "downblouse"}, {"word": "downbound"}, {"word": "downbow"}, {"word": "downburst"}, {"word": "downcard"}, {"word": "downcase"}, {"word": "downchirp"}, {"word": "downclimb"}, {"word": "downcoast"}, {"word": "downcomer"}, {"word": "down-crested"}, {"word": "downcutting"}, {"word": "downcycle"}, {"word": "downdip"}, {"word": "downdraft"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "downed"}, {"word": "downer"}, {"word": "downface"}, {"word": "downfall"}, {"word": "downfalling"}, {"word": "downfield"}, {"word": "downflood"}, {"word": "downflow"}, {"word": "downfold"}, {"word": "downforce"}, {"word": "down for the count"}, {"word": "downgauge"}, {"word": "downgaze"}, {"word": "downglide"}, {"word": "downgoing"}, {"word": "downgone"}, {"word": "downgyved"}, {"word": "down-gyved"}, {"word": "downhearted"}, {"word": "down-hearted"}, {"word": "down-hole"}, {"word": "down in the dumps"}, {"word": "down in the mouth"}, {"word": "downish"}, {"word": "downless"}, {"word": "downlight"}, {"word": "downlighting"}, {"word": "downlike"}, {"word": "download"}, {"word": "downlooked"}, {"word": "downlooker"}, {"word": "downlying"}, {"word": "downmass"}, {"word": "down memory lane"}, {"word": "down-modulate"}, {"word": "downmost"}, {"word": "downness"}, {"word": "down on one's luck"}, {"word": "down-page"}, {"word": "down pat"}, {"word": "down payment"}, {"word": "downpick"}, {"word": "downpipe"}, {"word": "downpress"}, {"word": "downpression"}, {"word": "downpressor"}, {"word": "down quark"}, {"word": "downrange"}, {"word": "downrank"}, {"word": "down-river"}, {"word": "down round"}, {"word": "down route"}, {"word": "downroute"}, {"word": "downsample"}, {"word": "downselection"}, {"word": "downshift"}, {"word": "downshifter"}, {"word": "downsitting"}, {"word": "downslope"}, {"word": "downsloping"}, {"word": "downslur"}, {"word": "downsome"}, {"word": "down someone's alley"}, {"word": "downspout"}, {"word": "downstair"}, {"word": "downstate"}, {"word": "downstreet"}, {"word": "downstrike"}, {"word": "downstroke"}, {"word": "downstroy"}, {"word": "downstyle"}, {"word": "down-tempo"}, {"word": "downtempo"}, {"word": "down the hatch"}, {"word": "downthrow"}, {"word": "downthrown"}, {"word": "downtick"}, {"word": "down to every move on the board"}, {"word": "downtone"}, {"word": "down to the short strokes"}, {"word": "downtown"}, {"word": "downtread"}, {"word": "downtube"}, {"word": "down upon one's luck"}, {"word": "downward"}, {"word": "downwarp"}, {"word": "down with one's dust"}, {"word": "down with the dust"}, {"word": "downzone"}, {"word": "dragger-down"}, {"word": "drawdown"}, {"word": "drilldown"}, {"word": "drink down"}, {"word": "drop-down menu"}, {"word": "drydown"}, {"word": "dubdown"}, {"word": "duck down"}, {"word": "dumbed-down"}, {"word": "eiderdown"}, {"word": "evendown"}, {"word": "fasten down"}, {"word": "featherdown"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "first down"}, {"word": "fish down"}, {"word": "flake down"}, {"word": "flat down"}, {"word": "flatten down"}, {"word": "flop down"}, {"word": "flump down"}, {"word": "force down someone's throat"}, {"tags": ["US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "fourth down"}, {"word": "get down on"}, {"word": "glow-down"}, {"word": "go down south"}, {"word": "goosedown"}, {"word": "guzzle down"}, {"word": "harsh down"}, {"word": "have down"}, {"word": "have down as"}, {"word": "hew down"}, {"word": "hoedown"}, {"word": "hold it down"}, {"word": "hoot down"}, {"word": "horf down"}, {"word": "hound down"}, {"word": "howl down"}, {"word": "ice down"}, {"word": "jaw down"}, {"word": "keep one's voice down"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knockdown"}, {"word": "knock-down-and-drag-out"}, {"word": "lamb down"}, {"word": "lard down"}, {"word": "lay down"}, {"word": "lay the hammer down"}, {"word": "lengthen down"}, {"word": "live down to"}, {"word": "load down"}, {"word": "lookdown"}, {"word": "lowdown"}, {"word": "manage down"}, {"word": "mix down"}, {"word": "mixdown"}, {"word": "moondown"}, {"word": "mop down"}, {"word": "mountdown"}, {"word": "neckdown"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "officer down"}, {"word": "party down"}, {"word": "pastedown"}, {"word": "pat-down"}, {"word": "playdown"}, {"word": "plead down"}, {"word": "plough down"}, {"word": "plow down"}, {"word": "pop down"}, {"word": "press down"}, {"word": "pull the shutters down"}, {"word": "push down"}, {"word": "pushdown"}, {"word": "put it down"}, {"word": "put something down to experience"}, {"word": "put the boom down"}, {"word": "pyramid down"}, {"word": "render down"}, {"word": "ride down"}, {"word": "ride down on"}, {"word": "ringdown"}, {"word": "rinse down"}, {"word": "rip down"}, {"word": "salt down"}, {"word": "scale-down"}, {"word": "scoff down"}, {"word": "scour down"}, {"word": "scrape down"}, {"word": "scrawl down"}, {"word": "scribble down"}, {"word": "scrounge down"}, {"word": "scrub down"}, {"word": "sdown"}, {"word": "seat down"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "second down"}, {"word": "sell down the river"}, {"word": "send down for"}, {"word": "shine down on"}, {"word": "shine down upon"}, {"word": "shoot down"}, {"word": "short down"}, {"word": "shorten down"}, {"word": "shove down"}, {"word": "show down"}, {"word": "showdown"}, {"word": "shrink down"}, {"word": "shut-down"}, {"word": "skinny down"}, {"word": "slam down"}, {"word": "slapdown"}, {"word": "slowing-down time"}, {"word": "slump down"}, {"word": "smackdown"}, {"word": "snack down on"}, {"word": "snork down"}, {"word": "snug down"}, {"word": "soap down"}, {"word": "sober down"}, {"word": "speak down to"}, {"word": "spelldown"}, {"word": "spindown"}, {"word": "splashdown"}, {"word": "spooldown"}, {"word": "staredown"}, {"word": "steep-down"}, {"word": "Stonebeck Down"}, {"word": "stowdown"}, {"word": "strapdown"}, {"word": "sugar down"}, {"word": "sundown"}, {"word": "swab down"}, {"word": "swallow down"}, {"word": "swill down"}, {"word": "tail down"}, {"word": "talkdown"}, {"word": "teem down"}, {"word": "ten toes down"}, {"word": "the house down"}, {"word": "thin down"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "third down"}, {"word": "thistledown"}, {"word": "tighten down"}, {"word": "top-down"}, {"word": "torch down"}, {"word": "toss down"}, {"word": "touchdown"}, {"word": "towel down"}, {"word": "trace down"}, {"word": "tread down"}, {"word": "trickledown"}, {"word": "trim down"}, {"word": "tune down"}, {"word": "turndown"}, {"word": "turtle down"}, {"word": "up and down house"}, {"word": "up hill and down dell"}, {"word": "upside down"}, {"word": "walk down"}, {"word": "wet down"}, {"word": "while you're down there"}, {"word": "whisper down the lane"}, {"word": "whittle down"}, {"word": "window down"}, {"word": "winnow down"}, {"word": "wolve down"}, {"word": "you can't keep a good man down"}, {"word": "zipper down"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "direction"}, "expansion": "", "name": "etymid"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doun"}, "expansion": "Middle English doun", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūne"}, "expansion": "Old English dūne", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "dāle", "3": "", "4": "(in/to the) valley"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”)", "name": "noncog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doun, from Old English dūne, aphetic form of adūne, from ofdūne (“off the hill”). For the development from directional phrases to prepositions, compare Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”), i.e. \"down(wards)\".", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "down (plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I love almost everything about my job. The only down is that I can't take Saturdays off.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A negative aspect; a downer, a downside."], "links": [["negative", "negative"], ["downer", "downer"], ["downside", "downside"]]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York, published 2007, page 10:", "text": "She had a down on me. I don't know what for, I'm sure; because I never said a word.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A grudge (on someone)."], "links": [["grudge", "grudge"], ["on", "on#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) A grudge (on someone)."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1984 December 29, Gena Spero, “Innocent Lesbian In Prison”, in Gay Community News, volume 12, number 25, page 4:", "text": "I am on drugs that I don't need to be on. They feel if I'm on a lot of downs, then I won't complain about my prison life", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A downer, depressant."], "links": [["downer", "downer"], ["depressant", "depressant"]]}, {"glosses": ["An act of swallowing an entire drink at once."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "en:Football (American)"], "examples": [{"text": "I bet after the third down, the kicker will replace the quarterback on the field.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed."], "links": [["American football", "American football"]], "raw_glosses": ["(American football) A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed."], "topics": ["American-football", "ball-games", "football", "games", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I haven't solved 12 or 13 across, but I've got most of the downs.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid."], "links": [["vertical", "vertical"], ["grid", "grid"]], "qualifier": "crosswords", "raw_glosses": ["(crosswords) A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "She lives in a two-up two-down.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A downstairs room of a two-story house."]}, {"glosses": ["Down payment."], "links": [["Down payment", "down payment"]]}, {"glosses": ["The lightest quark with a charge number of −¹⁄₃."], "links": [["quark", "quark"]]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "intent"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "down"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "ronde"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "kwart"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Celtic", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with unknown etymologies", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "Ashley Down"}, {"word": "Bedminster Down"}, {"word": "Clifton Down"}, {"word": "downland"}, {"word": "Downside"}, {"word": "Emery Down"}, {"word": "Epsom Downs"}, {"word": "Hackney Downs"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "Quintrell Downs"}, {"word": "South Downs"}, {"word": "Southern Downs"}, {"word": "St Boniface Down"}, {"word": "West Down"}, {"word": "Western Downs"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doune"}, "expansion": "Middle English doune", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūn"}, "expansion": "Old English dūn", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "dūnā", "4": "dūn", "t": "sandhill, dune"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic dūn (“sandhill, dune”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "title": "uncertain origin"}, "expansion": "uncertain origin", "name": "unc"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "dūnaz"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic dūnaz", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "dʰewh₂-", "t": "smoke, haze, dust"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "dūnom", "4": "", "5": "hill; hillfort"}, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic dūnom (“hill; hillfort”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "din", "3": "", "4": "hill"}, "expansion": "Welsh din (“hill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "hill, fort"}, "expansion": "Irish dún (“hill, fort”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "dʰewh₂-", "4": "", "5": "to finish, come full circle"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "duin", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Düne", "3": "", "4": "dune"}, "expansion": "German Düne (“dune”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "Down"}, "expansion": "Doublet of Down", "name": "doublet"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doune, from Old English dūn, from Proto-West Germanic dūn (“sandhill, dune”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic dūnaz, dūnǭ (“pile, heap”), from Proto-Indo-European dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”). Alternatively, perhaps borrowed from Proto-Celtic dūnom (“hill; hillfort”) (compare Welsh din (“hill”), Irish dún (“hill, fort”)), from Proto-Indo-European dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”). Cognate with West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”), Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”), German Düne (“dune”). More at town; akin to dune. Doublet of Down.", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Southern England English"], "examples": [{"text": "We went for a walk over the downs.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills in south east England.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:", "text": "And with each end of thy blue bow dost crown\n My bosky acres and my unshrubb'd down", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1691, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation, London: Pr. for S. Smith, →OCLC:", "text": "...as they muſt needs acknowledge who have been on the Downs of Suſſex, and enjoyed that ravishing Proſpect of the Sea on one Hand, and the Country far and wide on the other.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1842, Alfred Tennyson, “Lady Clare”, in Poems, London: Edward Moxon, →OCLC, page 198:", "text": "She went by dale, and she went by down,\n With a single rose in her hair.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1898, H. G. Wells, Certain Personal Matters: A Collection of Material, Mainly Autobiographical, Lawrence & Bullen, →OCLC, page 256:", "text": "The amateur nature-lover proceeds over the down, appreciating all this as hard as he can appreciate, and anon gazing up at the grey and white cloud shapes melting slowly from this form to that, and showing lakes, and wide expanses, and serene distances of blue between their gaps.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "links": [["hill", "hill"]], "qualifier": "often in place names", "raw_glosses": ["(especially Southern England, also Australia, often plural, often in place names) A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "tags": ["Australia", "Southern-England", "also", "countable", "especially", "often", "plural", "uncountable"]}, {"glosses": ["A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "raw_glosses": ["(usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "tags": ["countable", "plural-normally", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1636, George Sandys, “A Paraphrase Vpon Iob”, in Early English Books:", "text": "Seven thousand broad-taild Sheepe gras'd on his Downes;", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "raw_glosses": ["(UK, chiefly in the plural) A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "tags": ["UK", "countable", "in-plural", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "goon"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "højdedrag"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "heuvel"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "kumpu"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "Hügel"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "lofáki", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "λοφάκι"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "ritče", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "ритче"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "colina"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "xolm", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "холм"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "bezlésaja vozvýšennostʹ", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "безле́сая возвы́шенность"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "páhorb", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "па́горб"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "bane"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "veld"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "baan"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "rata"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "maidān", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "मैदान"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "meydân", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "میدان"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "ipodróm", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "іподро́м"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

down (English noun) down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Celtic", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with unknown etymologies", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "Ashley Down"}, {"word": "Bedminster Down"}, {"word": "Clifton Down"}, {"word": "downland"}, {"word": "Downside"}, {"word": "Emery Down"}, {"word": "Epsom Downs"}, {"word": "Hackney Downs"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "Quintrell Downs"}, {"word": "South Downs"}, {"word": "Southern Downs"}, {"word": "St Boniface Down"}, {"word": "West Down"}, {"word": "Western Downs"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doune"}, "expansion": "Middle English doune", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūn"}, "expansion": "Old English dūn", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*dūnā", "4": "*dūn", "t": "sandhill, dune"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dūn (“sandhill, dune”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "title": "uncertain origin"}, "expansion": "uncertain origin", "name": "unc"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*dūnaz"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dūnaz", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-", "t": "smoke, haze, dust"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*dūnom", "4": "", "5": "hill; hillfort"}, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“hill; hillfort”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "din", "3": "", "4": "hill"}, "expansion": "Welsh din (“hill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "hill, fort"}, "expansion": "Irish dún (“hill, fort”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-", "4": "", "5": "to finish, come full circle"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "duin", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Düne", "3": "", "4": "dune"}, "expansion": "German Düne (“dune”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "Down"}, "expansion": "Doublet of Down", "name": "doublet"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doune, from Old English dūn, from Proto-West Germanic *dūn (“sandhill, dune”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz, *dūnǭ (“pile, heap”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”). Alternatively, perhaps borrowed from Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“hill; hillfort”) (compare Welsh din (“hill”), Irish dún (“hill, fort”)), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”). Cognate with West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”), Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”), German Düne (“dune”). More at town; akin to dune. Doublet of Down.", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Southern England English"], "examples": [{"text": "We went for a walk over the downs.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills in south east England.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:", "text": "And with each end of thy blue bow dost crown\n My bosky acres and my unshrubb'd down", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1691, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation, London: Pr. for S. Smith, →OCLC:", "text": "...as they muſt needs acknowledge who have been on the Downs of Suſſex, and enjoyed that ravishing Proſpect of the Sea on one Hand, and the Country far and wide on the other.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1842, Alfred Tennyson, “Lady Clare”, in Poems, London: Edward Moxon, →OCLC, page 198:", "text": "She went by dale, and she went by down,\n With a single rose in her hair.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1898, H. G. Wells, Certain Personal Matters: A Collection of Material, Mainly Autobiographical, Lawrence & Bullen, →OCLC, page 256:", "text": "The amateur nature-lover proceeds over the down, appreciating all this as hard as he can appreciate, and anon gazing up at the grey and white cloud shapes melting slowly from this form to that, and showing lakes, and wide expanses, and serene distances of blue between their gaps.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "links": [["hill", "hill"]], "qualifier": "often in place names", "raw_glosses": ["(especially Southern England, also Australia, often plural, often in place names) A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "tags": ["Australia", "Southern-England", "also", "countable", "especially", "often", "plural", "uncountable"]}, {"glosses": ["A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "raw_glosses": ["(usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "tags": ["countable", "plural-normally", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1636, George Sandys, “A Paraphrase Vpon Iob”, in Early English Books:", "text": "Seven thousand broad-taild Sheepe gras'd on his Downes;", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "raw_glosses": ["(UK, chiefly in the plural) A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "tags": ["UK", "countable", "in-plural", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "goon"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "højdedrag"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "heuvel"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "kumpu"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "Hügel"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "lofáki", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "λοφάκι"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "ritče", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "ритче"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "colina"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "xolm", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "холм"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "bezlésaja vozvýšennostʹ", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "безле́сая возвы́шенность"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "páhorb", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "па́горб"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "bane"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "veld"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "baan"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "rata"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "maidān", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "मैदान"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "meydân", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "میدان"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "ipodróm", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "іподро́м"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "down feather"}, {"word": "down jacket"}, {"word": "powder-down feather"}, {"word": "powder-down patch"}], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "dʰewh₂-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doun"}, "expansion": "Middle English doun", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "dúnn"}, "expansion": "Old Norse dúnn", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "dūnaz", "4": "", "5": "down"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic dūnaz (“down”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "dʰowh₂-nis"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European dʰowh₂-nis", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Duune", "3": "", "4": "fluff, down"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Duune (“fluff, down”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Daune", "3": "", "4": "down"}, "expansion": "German Daune (“down”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "dun", "3": "", "4": "down"}, "expansion": "Danish dun (“down”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doun, from Old Norse dúnn, from Proto-Germanic dūnaz (“down”), which is related to dauniz (“(pleasant) smell”), from Proto-Indo-European dʰowh₂-nis, from the root dʰewh₂-.\nCognate with Saterland Frisian Duune (“fluff, down”), German Daune (“down”) and Danish dun (“down”).", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"glosses": ["Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets."], "links": [["fluffy", "fluffy"], ["feather", "feather"], ["duvet", "duvet"], ["sleeping bag", "sleeping bag"], ["jacket", "jacket"]], "senseid": ["en:feathers"], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Botany"], "examples": [{"ref": "1718, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, London: W. Churchill, →OCLC, page 120:", "text": "Down or Cotton-Thiſtle. This hath many large Leaves lying on the Ground, ſomewhat cut in, and as it were crumpled on the Edges, of a green Colour on the upper ſide, but covered with long hairy Wool or Cottony Down, ſet with moſt ſharp and cruel pricks", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1998, Valerie Worth, The Crone's Book of Charms and Spells, Minnesota: Llewellyn Publications, →ISBN, page 152:", "text": "No candle should light it, neither should any flower adorn it, save for several dried stalks of old and withered thistles, their heads pale with silken down, held in a common glass jar.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle."], "links": [["botany", "botany"], ["pubescence", "pubescence"], ["plant", "plant"], ["thistle", "thistle"]], "raw_glosses": ["(botany) The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle."], "senseid": ["en:pubescence"], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"], "topics": ["biology", "botany", "natural-sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1717, John Dryden, The Dramatick Works of John Dryden, Esq., volume the fourth, London: Jacob Tonson, →OCLC, page 136:", "text": "But love him as he was, when youthful Grace,\n And the firſt Down began to ſhade his face", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1867, Ivan Sergheïevitch Turgenef [i.e., Ivan Turgenev], chapter I, in Eugene Schuyler, transl., Fathers and Sons […], New York, N.Y.: Leypoldt and Holt, →OCLC, page 1:", "text": "The servant to whom he put this question was a young fellow with chubby cheeks, small, dull eyes, and a round chin, covered with a colorless down.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear."], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1696, Tho[mas] Southerne, Oroonoko: A Tragedy […], London: […] H[enry] Playford […]; B[enjamin] Tooke […]; [a]nd S. Buckley […], →OCLC, act V, scene the last [iv], pages 76–77:", "text": "Thou boſom Softneſs! Down of all my Cares!\n I cou'd recline my thoughts upon this Breaſt\n To a forgetfulneſs of all my Griefs,\n And yet be happy: but it wonnot be.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, (please specify |part=Prologue or Rpilogue, or |canto=I to CXXIX):", "text": "When in the down I sink my head,\n Sleep, Death's twin brother, times my breath.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down."], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aġvamaz", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "աղվամազ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "bmbul", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "բմբուլ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "mamıq", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "мамыҡ"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "marbluñv"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dum"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "puh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "mǎh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "мъх"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plomissol"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plomís"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "borrissol"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽絨"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǔróng", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽绒"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "manbluv"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "chmýří"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "dons"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "untuva"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "duvet"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "penuxe"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "froxel"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "peluxe"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ɣinɣli", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ღინღლი"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Daune"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "poúpoula", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "plural"], "word": "πούπουλα"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "lákhnē", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "λάχνη"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "mnoûs", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "μνοῦς"}, {"code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "qivioq"}, {"code": "haw", "lang": "Hawaiian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "heu"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pihetoll"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pehely"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dúnn"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "clúmh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "piumino"}, {"alt": "うもう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "umou", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽毛"}, {"alt": "わたげ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "watage", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "綿毛"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "daun", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ダウン"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "somteol", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "솜털"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "paperje", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "паперје"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "mov", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "мов"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "hune"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "avavun", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ававун"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "tüy", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "توی"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "puch"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "penugem"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pušók", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пушо́к"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "doon"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clòimh"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clòimhteach"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter", "plural"], "word": "páperie"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "puh"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plumón"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "kǒn-ui", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ขนอุย"}, {"code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "bya spu", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "བྱ་སྤུ"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "kuş tüyü"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "tüy"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pufla"}, {"code": "tyz", "lang": "Tày", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "khuôn búa"}, {"code": "tyz", "lang": "Tày", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "khuôn buốt"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "daun"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "plural"], "word": "manblu"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "borrissol"}, {"code": "haw", "lang": "Hawaiian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "heu"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "moholy"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "bolyhosság"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "bolyh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "pubescenza"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "lānūgō"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhuna"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhune"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhunga"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "manflew"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "goflew"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "marblev"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "duvet"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ɣinɣli", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "ღინღლი"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "chnoúdi", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "χνούδι"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "íoulos", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "ἴουλος"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "lānūgō"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "buço"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "tulei"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vello"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "ayva tüyü"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pušók", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пушо́к"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "manflew"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["plural"], "word": "blewiach"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

down (English noun) down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "down feather"}, {"word": "down jacket"}, {"word": "powder-down feather"}, {"word": "powder-down patch"}], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doun"}, "expansion": "Middle English doun", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "dúnn"}, "expansion": "Old Norse dúnn", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*dūnaz", "4": "", "5": "down"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dūnaz (“down”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰowh₂-nis"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰowh₂-nis", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Duune", "3": "", "4": "fluff, down"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Duune (“fluff, down”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Daune", "3": "", "4": "down"}, "expansion": "German Daune (“down”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "dun", "3": "", "4": "down"}, "expansion": "Danish dun (“down”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doun, from Old Norse dúnn, from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz (“down”), which is related to *dauniz (“(pleasant) smell”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰowh₂-nis, from the root *dʰewh₂-.\nCognate with Saterland Frisian Duune (“fluff, down”), German Daune (“down”) and Danish dun (“down”).", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"glosses": ["Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets."], "links": [["fluffy", "fluffy"], ["feather", "feather"], ["duvet", "duvet"], ["sleeping bag", "sleeping bag"], ["jacket", "jacket"]], "senseid": ["en:feathers"], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Botany"], "examples": [{"ref": "1718, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, London: W. Churchill, →OCLC, page 120:", "text": "Down or Cotton-Thiſtle. This hath many large Leaves lying on the Ground, ſomewhat cut in, and as it were crumpled on the Edges, of a green Colour on the upper ſide, but covered with long hairy Wool or Cottony Down, ſet with moſt ſharp and cruel pricks", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1998, Valerie Worth, The Crone's Book of Charms and Spells, Minnesota: Llewellyn Publications, →ISBN, page 152:", "text": "No candle should light it, neither should any flower adorn it, save for several dried stalks of old and withered thistles, their heads pale with silken down, held in a common glass jar.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle."], "links": [["botany", "botany"], ["pubescence", "pubescence"], ["plant", "plant"], ["thistle", "thistle"]], "raw_glosses": ["(botany) The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle."], "senseid": ["en:pubescence"], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"], "topics": ["biology", "botany", "natural-sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1717, John Dryden, The Dramatick Works of John Dryden, Esq., volume the fourth, London: Jacob Tonson, →OCLC, page 136:", "text": "But love him as he was, when youthful Grace,\n And the firſt Down began to ſhade his face", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1867, Ivan Sergheïevitch Turgenef [i.e., Ivan Turgenev], chapter I, in Eugene Schuyler, transl., Fathers and Sons […], New York, N.Y.: Leypoldt and Holt, →OCLC, page 1:", "text": "The servant to whom he put this question was a young fellow with chubby cheeks, small, dull eyes, and a round chin, covered with a colorless down.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear."], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1696, Tho[mas] Southerne, Oroonoko: A Tragedy […], London: […] H[enry] Playford […]; B[enjamin] Tooke […]; [a]nd S. Buckley […], →OCLC, act V, scene the last [iv], pages 76–77:", "text": "Thou boſom Softneſs! Down of all my Cares!\n I cou'd recline my thoughts upon this Breaſt\n To a forgetfulneſs of all my Griefs,\n And yet be happy: but it wonnot be.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, (please specify |part=Prologue or Rpilogue, or |canto=I to CXXIX):", "text": "When in the down I sink my head,\n Sleep, Death's twin brother, times my breath.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down."], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aġvamaz", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "աղվամազ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "bmbul", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "բմբուլ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "mamıq", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "мамыҡ"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "marbluñv"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dum"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "puh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "mǎh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "мъх"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plomissol"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plomís"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "borrissol"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽絨"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǔróng", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽绒"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "manbluv"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "chmýří"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "dons"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "untuva"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "duvet"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "penuxe"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "froxel"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "peluxe"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ɣinɣli", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ღინღლი"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Daune"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "poúpoula", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "plural"], "word": "πούπουλα"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "lákhnē", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "λάχνη"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "mnoûs", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "μνοῦς"}, {"code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "qivioq"}, {"code": "haw", "lang": "Hawaiian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "heu"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pihetoll"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pehely"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dúnn"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "clúmh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "piumino"}, {"alt": "うもう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "umou", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽毛"}, {"alt": "わたげ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "watage", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "綿毛"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "daun", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ダウン"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "somteol", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "솜털"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "paperje", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "паперје"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "mov", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "мов"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "hune"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "avavun", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ававун"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "tüy", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "توی"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "puch"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "penugem"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pušók", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пушо́к"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "doon"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clòimh"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clòimhteach"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter", "plural"], "word": "páperie"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "puh"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plumón"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "kǒn-ui", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ขนอุย"}, {"code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "bya spu", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "བྱ་སྤུ"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "kuş tüyü"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "tüy"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pufla"}, {"code": "tyz", "lang": "Tày", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "khuôn búa"}, {"code": "tyz", "lang": "Tày", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "khuôn buốt"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "daun"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "plural"], "word": "manblu"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "borrissol"}, {"code": "haw", "lang": "Hawaiian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "heu"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "moholy"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "bolyhosság"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "bolyh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "pubescenza"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "lānūgō"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhuna"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhune"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhunga"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "manflew"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "goflew"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "marblev"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "duvet"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ɣinɣli", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "ღინღლი"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "chnoúdi", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "χνούδι"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "íoulos", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "ἴουλος"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "lānūgō"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "buço"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "tulei"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vello"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "ayva tüyü"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pušók", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пушо́к"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "manflew"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["plural"], "word": "blewiach"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Albanian translations", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Marathi translations", "Requests for review of Northern Kurdish translations", "Requests for review of Romanian translations", "Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Chickasaw translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Fijian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "amp down"}, {"word": "antidown"}, {"word": "a whisper down the lane"}, {"word": "backdown"}, {"word": "bag down"}, {"word": "ball down"}, {"word": "bar down"}, {"word": "be down with"}, {"word": "belt down"}, {"word": "bid down"}, {"word": "blaze down"}, {"word": "boildown"}, {"word": "bolt down"}, {"word": "bone down"}, {"word": "bottle down"}, {"word": "bouncedown"}, {"word": "bowl down"}, {"word": "Branton"}, {"word": "break-down"}, {"word": "breast down"}, {"word": "bringdown"}, {"word": "bring down on"}, {"word": "bring down the curtain"}, {"word": "bro down"}, {"word": "buck down"}, {"word": "buff down"}, {"word": "bug down"}, {"word": "builddown"}, {"word": "bunk down"}, {"word": "burn one down"}, {"word": "buss-down"}, {"word": "buss down"}, {"word": "bust down"}, {"word": "bust-down"}, {"word": "butter down"}, {"word": "buy down"}, {"word": "buydown"}, {"word": "camp down"}, {"word": "cast down"}, {"word": "catch someone with their pants down"}, {"word": "chalk down"}, {"word": "chalk it down"}, {"word": "champ down on"}, {"word": "chuck down"}, {"word": "clean down"}, {"word": "cleardown"}, {"word": "clew down"}, {"word": "climbdown"}, {"word": "comb down"}, {"word": "copy down"}, {"word": "couch down"}, {"word": "countdown"}, {"word": "cramdown"}, {"word": "cure down"}, {"word": "darken down"}, {"word": "dig down"}, {"word": "Dorset Down"}, {"word": "douche down"}, {"word": "downable"}, {"word": "downalator"}, {"word": "down and distance"}, {"word": "down and out"}, {"word": "down at heel"}, {"word": "down at heels"}, {"word": "down-at-the-heel"}, {"word": "downbeat"}, {"word": "downblend"}, {"word": "downblouse"}, {"word": "downbound"}, {"word": "downbow"}, {"word": "downburst"}, {"word": "downcard"}, {"word": "downcase"}, {"word": "downchirp"}, {"word": "downclimb"}, {"word": "downcoast"}, {"word": "downcomer"}, {"word": "down-crested"}, {"word": "downcutting"}, {"word": "downcycle"}, {"word": "downdip"}, {"word": "downdraft"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "downed"}, {"word": "downer"}, {"word": "downface"}, {"word": "downfall"}, {"word": "downfalling"}, {"word": "downfield"}, {"word": "downflood"}, {"word": "downflow"}, {"word": "downfold"}, {"word": "downforce"}, {"word": "down for the count"}, {"word": "downgauge"}, {"word": "downgaze"}, {"word": "downglide"}, {"word": "downgoing"}, {"word": "downgone"}, {"word": "downgyved"}, {"word": "down-gyved"}, {"word": "downhearted"}, {"word": "down-hearted"}, {"word": "down-hole"}, {"word": "down in the dumps"}, {"word": "down in the mouth"}, {"word": "downish"}, {"word": "downless"}, {"word": "downlight"}, {"word": "downlighting"}, {"word": "downlike"}, {"word": "download"}, {"word": "downlooked"}, {"word": "downlooker"}, {"word": "downlying"}, {"word": "downmass"}, {"word": "down memory lane"}, {"word": "down-modulate"}, {"word": "downmost"}, {"word": "downness"}, {"word": "down on one's luck"}, {"word": "down-page"}, {"word": "down pat"}, {"word": "down payment"}, {"word": "downpick"}, {"word": "downpipe"}, {"word": "downpress"}, {"word": "downpression"}, {"word": "downpressor"}, {"word": "down quark"}, {"word": "downrange"}, {"word": "downrank"}, {"word": "down-river"}, {"word": "down round"}, {"word": "down route"}, {"word": "downroute"}, {"word": "downsample"}, {"word": "downselection"}, {"word": "downshift"}, {"word": "downshifter"}, {"word": "downsitting"}, {"word": "downslope"}, {"word": "downsloping"}, {"word": "downslur"}, {"word": "downsome"}, {"word": "down someone's alley"}, {"word": "downspout"}, {"word": "downstair"}, {"word": "downstate"}, {"word": "downstreet"}, {"word": "downstrike"}, {"word": "downstroke"}, {"word": "downstroy"}, {"word": "downstyle"}, {"word": "down-tempo"}, {"word": "downtempo"}, {"word": "down the hatch"}, {"word": "downthrow"}, {"word": "downthrown"}, {"word": "downtick"}, {"word": "down to every move on the board"}, {"word": "downtone"}, {"word": "down to the short strokes"}, {"word": "downtown"}, {"word": "downtread"}, {"word": "downtube"}, {"word": "down upon one's luck"}, {"word": "downward"}, {"word": "downwarp"}, {"word": "down with one's dust"}, {"word": "down with the dust"}, {"word": "downzone"}, {"word": "dragger-down"}, {"word": "drawdown"}, {"word": "drilldown"}, {"word": "drink down"}, {"word": "drop-down menu"}, {"word": "drydown"}, {"word": "dubdown"}, {"word": "duck down"}, {"word": "dumbed-down"}, {"word": "eiderdown"}, {"word": "evendown"}, {"word": "fasten down"}, {"word": "featherdown"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "first down"}, {"word": "fish down"}, {"word": "flake down"}, {"word": "flat down"}, {"word": "flatten down"}, {"word": "flop down"}, {"word": "flump down"}, {"word": "force down someone's throat"}, {"tags": ["US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "fourth down"}, {"word": "get down on"}, {"word": "glow-down"}, {"word": "go down south"}, {"word": "goosedown"}, {"word": "guzzle down"}, {"word": "harsh down"}, {"word": "have down"}, {"word": "have down as"}, {"word": "hew down"}, {"word": "hoedown"}, {"word": "hold it down"}, {"word": "hoot down"}, {"word": "horf down"}, {"word": "hound down"}, {"word": "howl down"}, {"word": "ice down"}, {"word": "jaw down"}, {"word": "keep one's voice down"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knockdown"}, {"word": "knock-down-and-drag-out"}, {"word": "lamb down"}, {"word": "lard down"}, {"word": "lay down"}, {"word": "lay the hammer down"}, {"word": "lengthen down"}, {"word": "live down to"}, {"word": "load down"}, {"word": "lookdown"}, {"word": "lowdown"}, {"word": "manage down"}, {"word": "mix down"}, {"word": "mixdown"}, {"word": "moondown"}, {"word": "mop down"}, {"word": "mountdown"}, {"word": "neckdown"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "officer down"}, {"word": "party down"}, {"word": "pastedown"}, {"word": "pat-down"}, {"word": "playdown"}, {"word": "plead down"}, {"word": "plough down"}, {"word": "plow down"}, {"word": "pop down"}, {"word": "press down"}, {"word": "pull the shutters down"}, {"word": "push down"}, {"word": "pushdown"}, {"word": "put it down"}, {"word": "put something down to experience"}, {"word": "put the boom down"}, {"word": "pyramid down"}, {"word": "render down"}, {"word": "ride down"}, {"word": "ride down on"}, {"word": "ringdown"}, {"word": "rinse down"}, {"word": "rip down"}, {"word": "salt down"}, {"word": "scale-down"}, {"word": "scoff down"}, {"word": "scour down"}, {"word": "scrape down"}, {"word": "scrawl down"}, {"word": "scribble down"}, {"word": "scrounge down"}, {"word": "scrub down"}, {"word": "sdown"}, {"word": "seat down"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "second down"}, {"word": "sell down the river"}, {"word": "send down for"}, {"word": "shine down on"}, {"word": "shine down upon"}, {"word": "shoot down"}, {"word": "short down"}, {"word": "shorten down"}, {"word": "shove down"}, {"word": "show down"}, {"word": "showdown"}, {"word": "shrink down"}, {"word": "shut-down"}, {"word": "skinny down"}, {"word": "slam down"}, {"word": "slapdown"}, {"word": "slowing-down time"}, {"word": "slump down"}, {"word": "smackdown"}, {"word": "snack down on"}, {"word": "snork down"}, {"word": "snug down"}, {"word": "soap down"}, {"word": "sober down"}, {"word": "speak down to"}, {"word": "spelldown"}, {"word": "spindown"}, {"word": "splashdown"}, {"word": "spooldown"}, {"word": "staredown"}, {"word": "steep-down"}, {"word": "Stonebeck Down"}, {"word": "stowdown"}, {"word": "strapdown"}, {"word": "sugar down"}, {"word": "sundown"}, {"word": "swab down"}, {"word": "swallow down"}, {"word": "swill down"}, {"word": "tail down"}, {"word": "talkdown"}, {"word": "teem down"}, {"word": "ten toes down"}, {"word": "the house down"}, {"word": "thin down"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "third down"}, {"word": "thistledown"}, {"word": "tighten down"}, {"word": "top-down"}, {"word": "torch down"}, {"word": "toss down"}, {"word": "touchdown"}, {"word": "towel down"}, {"word": "trace down"}, {"word": "tread down"}, {"word": "trickledown"}, {"word": "trim down"}, {"word": "tune down"}, {"word": "turndown"}, {"word": "turtle down"}, {"word": "up and down house"}, {"word": "up hill and down dell"}, {"word": "upside down"}, {"word": "walk down"}, {"word": "wet down"}, {"word": "while you're down there"}, {"word": "whisper down the lane"}, {"word": "whittle down"}, {"word": "window down"}, {"word": "winnow down"}, {"word": "wolve down"}, {"word": "you can't keep a good man down"}, {"word": "zipper down"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "direction"}, "expansion": "", "name": "etymid"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doun"}, "expansion": "Middle English doun", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūne"}, "expansion": "Old English dūne", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "dāle", "3": "", "4": "(in/to the) valley"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”)", "name": "noncog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doun, from Old English dūne, aphetic form of adūne, from ofdūne (“off the hill”). 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down (English noun) down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Albanian translations", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Marathi translations", "Requests for review of Northern Kurdish translations", "Requests for review of Romanian translations", "Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Chickasaw translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish 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translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "amp down"}, {"word": "antidown"}, {"word": "a whisper down the lane"}, {"word": "backdown"}, {"word": "bag down"}, {"word": "ball down"}, {"word": "bar down"}, {"word": "be down with"}, {"word": "belt down"}, {"word": "bid down"}, {"word": "blaze down"}, {"word": "boildown"}, {"word": "bolt down"}, {"word": "bone down"}, {"word": "bottle down"}, {"word": "bouncedown"}, {"word": "bowl down"}, {"word": "Branton"}, {"word": "break-down"}, {"word": "breast down"}, {"word": "bringdown"}, {"word": "bring down on"}, {"word": "bring down the curtain"}, {"word": "bro down"}, {"word": "buck down"}, {"word": "buff down"}, {"word": "bug down"}, {"word": "builddown"}, {"word": "bunk down"}, {"word": "burn one down"}, {"word": "buss-down"}, {"word": "buss down"}, {"word": "bust down"}, {"word": "bust-down"}, {"word": "butter down"}, {"word": "buy down"}, {"word": "buydown"}, {"word": "camp down"}, {"word": "cast down"}, {"word": "catch someone with their pants down"}, {"word": "chalk down"}, {"word": "chalk it down"}, {"word": "champ down on"}, {"word": "chuck down"}, {"word": "clean down"}, {"word": "cleardown"}, {"word": "clew down"}, {"word": "climbdown"}, {"word": "comb down"}, {"word": "copy down"}, {"word": "couch down"}, {"word": "countdown"}, {"word": "cramdown"}, {"word": "cure down"}, {"word": "darken down"}, {"word": "dig down"}, {"word": "Dorset Down"}, {"word": "douche down"}, {"word": "downable"}, {"word": "downalator"}, {"word": "down and distance"}, {"word": "down and out"}, {"word": "down at heel"}, {"word": "down at heels"}, {"word": "down-at-the-heel"}, {"word": "downbeat"}, {"word": "downblend"}, {"word": "downblouse"}, {"word": "downbound"}, {"word": "downbow"}, {"word": "downburst"}, {"word": "downcard"}, {"word": "downcase"}, {"word": "downchirp"}, {"word": "downclimb"}, {"word": "downcoast"}, {"word": "downcomer"}, {"word": "down-crested"}, {"word": "downcutting"}, {"word": "downcycle"}, {"word": "downdip"}, {"word": "downdraft"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "downed"}, {"word": "downer"}, {"word": "downface"}, {"word": "downfall"}, {"word": "downfalling"}, {"word": "downfield"}, {"word": "downflood"}, {"word": "downflow"}, {"word": "downfold"}, {"word": "downforce"}, {"word": "down for the count"}, {"word": "downgauge"}, {"word": "downgaze"}, {"word": "downglide"}, {"word": "downgoing"}, {"word": "downgone"}, {"word": "downgyved"}, {"word": "down-gyved"}, {"word": "downhearted"}, {"word": "down-hearted"}, {"word": "down-hole"}, {"word": "down in the dumps"}, {"word": "down in the mouth"}, {"word": "downish"}, {"word": "downless"}, {"word": "downlight"}, {"word": "downlighting"}, {"word": "downlike"}, {"word": "download"}, {"word": "downlooked"}, {"word": "downlooker"}, {"word": "downlying"}, {"word": "downmass"}, {"word": "down memory lane"}, {"word": "down-modulate"}, {"word": "downmost"}, {"word": "downness"}, {"word": "down on one's luck"}, {"word": "down-page"}, {"word": "down pat"}, {"word": "down payment"}, {"word": "downpick"}, {"word": "downpipe"}, {"word": "downpress"}, {"word": "downpression"}, {"word": "downpressor"}, {"word": "down quark"}, {"word": "downrange"}, {"word": "downrank"}, {"word": "down-river"}, {"word": "down round"}, {"word": "down route"}, {"word": "downroute"}, {"word": "downsample"}, {"word": "downselection"}, {"word": "downshift"}, {"word": "downshifter"}, {"word": "downsitting"}, {"word": "downslope"}, {"word": "downsloping"}, {"word": "downslur"}, {"word": "downsome"}, {"word": "down someone's alley"}, {"word": "downspout"}, {"word": "downstair"}, {"word": "downstate"}, {"word": "downstreet"}, {"word": "downstrike"}, {"word": "downstroke"}, {"word": "downstroy"}, {"word": "downstyle"}, {"word": "down-tempo"}, {"word": "downtempo"}, {"word": "down the hatch"}, {"word": "downthrow"}, {"word": "downthrown"}, {"word": "downtick"}, {"word": "down to every move on the board"}, {"word": "downtone"}, {"word": "down to the short strokes"}, {"word": "downtown"}, {"word": "downtread"}, {"word": "downtube"}, {"word": "down upon one's luck"}, {"word": "downward"}, {"word": "downwarp"}, {"word": "down with one's dust"}, {"word": "down with the dust"}, {"word": "downzone"}, {"word": "dragger-down"}, {"word": "drawdown"}, {"word": "drilldown"}, {"word": "drink down"}, {"word": "drop-down menu"}, {"word": "drydown"}, {"word": "dubdown"}, {"word": "duck down"}, {"word": "dumbed-down"}, {"word": "eiderdown"}, {"word": "evendown"}, {"word": "fasten down"}, {"word": "featherdown"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "first down"}, {"word": "fish down"}, {"word": "flake down"}, {"word": "flat down"}, {"word": "flatten down"}, {"word": "flop down"}, {"word": "flump down"}, {"word": "force down someone's throat"}, {"tags": ["US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "fourth down"}, {"word": "get down on"}, {"word": "glow-down"}, {"word": "go down south"}, {"word": "goosedown"}, {"word": "guzzle down"}, {"word": "harsh down"}, {"word": "have down"}, {"word": "have down as"}, {"word": "hew down"}, {"word": "hoedown"}, {"word": "hold it down"}, {"word": "hoot down"}, {"word": "horf down"}, {"word": "hound down"}, {"word": "howl down"}, {"word": "ice down"}, {"word": "jaw down"}, {"word": "keep one's voice down"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knockdown"}, {"word": "knock-down-and-drag-out"}, {"word": "lamb down"}, {"word": "lard down"}, {"word": "lay down"}, {"word": "lay the hammer down"}, {"word": "lengthen down"}, {"word": "live down to"}, {"word": "load down"}, {"word": "lookdown"}, {"word": "lowdown"}, {"word": "manage down"}, {"word": "mix down"}, {"word": "mixdown"}, {"word": "moondown"}, {"word": "mop down"}, {"word": "mountdown"}, {"word": "neckdown"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "officer down"}, {"word": "party down"}, {"word": "pastedown"}, {"word": "pat-down"}, {"word": "playdown"}, {"word": "plead down"}, {"word": "plough down"}, {"word": "plow down"}, {"word": "pop down"}, {"word": "press down"}, {"word": "pull the shutters down"}, {"word": "push down"}, {"word": "pushdown"}, {"word": "put it down"}, {"word": "put something down to experience"}, {"word": "put the boom down"}, {"word": "pyramid down"}, {"word": "render down"}, {"word": "ride down"}, {"word": "ride down on"}, {"word": "ringdown"}, {"word": "rinse down"}, {"word": "rip down"}, {"word": "salt down"}, {"word": "scale-down"}, {"word": "scoff down"}, {"word": "scour down"}, {"word": "scrape down"}, {"word": "scrawl down"}, {"word": "scribble down"}, {"word": "scrounge down"}, {"word": "scrub down"}, {"word": "sdown"}, {"word": "seat down"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", "ball-games", "games", "sports", "hobbies", "lifestyle"], "word": "second down"}, {"word": "sell down the river"}, {"word": "send down for"}, {"word": "shine down on"}, {"word": "shine down upon"}, {"word": "shoot down"}, {"word": "short down"}, {"word": "shorten down"}, {"word": "shove down"}, {"word": "show down"}, {"word": "showdown"}, {"word": "shrink down"}, {"word": "shut-down"}, {"word": "skinny down"}, {"word": "slam down"}, {"word": "slapdown"}, {"word": "slowing-down time"}, {"word": "slump down"}, {"word": "smackdown"}, {"word": "snack down on"}, {"word": "snork down"}, {"word": "snug down"}, {"word": "soap down"}, {"word": "sober down"}, {"word": "speak down to"}, {"word": "spelldown"}, {"word": "spindown"}, {"word": "splashdown"}, {"word": "spooldown"}, {"word": "staredown"}, {"word": "steep-down"}, {"word": "Stonebeck Down"}, {"word": "stowdown"}, {"word": "strapdown"}, {"word": "sugar down"}, {"word": "sundown"}, {"word": "swab down"}, {"word": "swallow down"}, {"word": "swill down"}, {"word": "tail down"}, {"word": "talkdown"}, {"word": "teem down"}, {"word": "ten toes down"}, {"word": "the house down"}, {"word": "thin down"}, {"tags": ["Canadian", "US"], "topics": ["football", 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"name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūne"}, "expansion": "Old English dūne", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "gml", "2": "dāle", "3": "", "4": "(in/to the) valley"}, "expansion": "Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”)", "name": "noncog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doun, from Old English dūne, aphetic form of adūne, from ofdūne (“off the hill”). For the development from directional phrases to prepositions, compare Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”), i.e. \"down(wards)\".", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "down (plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I love almost everything about my job. The only down is that I can't take Saturdays off.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A negative aspect; a downer, a downside."], "links": [["negative", "negative"], ["downer", "downer"], ["downside", "downside"]]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York, published 2007, page 10:", "text": "She had a down on me. I don't know what for, I'm sure; because I never said a word.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A grudge (on someone)."], "links": [["grudge", "grudge"], ["on", "on#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) A grudge (on someone)."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1984 December 29, Gena Spero, “Innocent Lesbian In Prison”, in Gay Community News, volume 12, number 25, page 4:", "text": "I am on drugs that I don't need to be on. They feel if I'm on a lot of downs, then I won't complain about my prison life", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A downer, depressant."], "links": [["downer", "downer"], ["depressant", "depressant"]]}, {"glosses": ["An act of swallowing an entire drink at once."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "en:Football (American)"], "examples": [{"text": "I bet after the third down, the kicker will replace the quarterback on the field.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed."], "links": [["American football", "American football"]], "raw_glosses": ["(American football) A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed."], "topics": ["American-football", "ball-games", "football", "games", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "sports"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I haven't solved 12 or 13 across, but I've got most of the downs.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid."], "links": [["vertical", "vertical"], ["grid", "grid"]], "qualifier": "crosswords", "raw_glosses": ["(crosswords) A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "She lives in a two-up two-down.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["A downstairs room of a two-story house."]}, {"glosses": ["Down payment."], "links": [["Down payment", "down payment"]]}, {"glosses": ["The lightest quark with a charge number of −¹⁄₃."], "links": [["quark", "quark"]]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "intent"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "down"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "ronde"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "American football: a single play", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "kwart"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Celtic", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with unknown etymologies", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "Ashley Down"}, {"word": "Bedminster Down"}, {"word": "Clifton Down"}, {"word": "downland"}, {"word": "Downside"}, {"word": "Emery Down"}, {"word": "Epsom Downs"}, {"word": "Hackney Downs"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "Quintrell Downs"}, {"word": "South Downs"}, {"word": "Southern Downs"}, {"word": "St Boniface Down"}, {"word": "West Down"}, {"word": "Western Downs"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doune"}, "expansion": "Middle English doune", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūn"}, "expansion": "Old English dūn", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "dūnā", "4": "dūn", "t": "sandhill, dune"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic dūn (“sandhill, dune”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "title": "uncertain origin"}, "expansion": "uncertain origin", "name": "unc"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "dūnaz"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic dūnaz", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "dʰewh₂-", "t": "smoke, haze, dust"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "dūnom", "4": "", "5": "hill; hillfort"}, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic dūnom (“hill; hillfort”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "din", "3": "", "4": "hill"}, "expansion": "Welsh din (“hill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "hill, fort"}, "expansion": "Irish dún (“hill, fort”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "dʰewh₂-", "4": "", "5": "to finish, come full circle"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "duin", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Düne", "3": "", "4": "dune"}, "expansion": "German Düne (“dune”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "Down"}, "expansion": "Doublet of Down", "name": "doublet"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doune, from Old English dūn, from Proto-West Germanic dūn (“sandhill, dune”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic dūnaz, dūnǭ (“pile, heap”), from Proto-Indo-European dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”). Alternatively, perhaps borrowed from Proto-Celtic dūnom (“hill; hillfort”) (compare Welsh din (“hill”), Irish dún (“hill, fort”)), from Proto-Indo-European dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”). Cognate with West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”), Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”), German Düne (“dune”). More at town; akin to dune. Doublet of Down.", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Southern England English"], "examples": [{"text": "We went for a walk over the downs.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills in south east England.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:", "text": "And with each end of thy blue bow dost crown\n My bosky acres and my unshrubb'd down", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1691, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation, London: Pr. for S. Smith, →OCLC:", "text": "...as they muſt needs acknowledge who have been on the Downs of Suſſex, and enjoyed that ravishing Proſpect of the Sea on one Hand, and the Country far and wide on the other.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1842, Alfred Tennyson, “Lady Clare”, in Poems, London: Edward Moxon, →OCLC, page 198:", "text": "She went by dale, and she went by down,\n With a single rose in her hair.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1898, H. G. Wells, Certain Personal Matters: A Collection of Material, Mainly Autobiographical, Lawrence & Bullen, →OCLC, page 256:", "text": "The amateur nature-lover proceeds over the down, appreciating all this as hard as he can appreciate, and anon gazing up at the grey and white cloud shapes melting slowly from this form to that, and showing lakes, and wide expanses, and serene distances of blue between their gaps.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "links": [["hill", "hill"]], "qualifier": "often in place names", "raw_glosses": ["(especially Southern England, also Australia, often plural, often in place names) A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "tags": ["Australia", "Southern-England", "also", "countable", "especially", "often", "plural", "uncountable"]}, {"glosses": ["A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "raw_glosses": ["(usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "tags": ["countable", "plural-normally", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1636, George Sandys, “A Paraphrase Vpon Iob”, in Early English Books:", "text": "Seven thousand broad-taild Sheepe gras'd on his Downes;", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "raw_glosses": ["(UK, chiefly in the plural) A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "tags": ["UK", "countable", "in-plural", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "goon"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "højdedrag"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "heuvel"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "kumpu"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "Hügel"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "lofáki", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "λοφάκι"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "ritče", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "ритче"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "colina"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "xolm", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "холм"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "bezlésaja vozvýšennostʹ", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "безле́сая возвы́шенность"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "páhorb", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "па́горб"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "bane"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "veld"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "baan"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "rata"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "maidān", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "मैदान"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "meydân", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "میدان"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "ipodróm", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "іподро́м"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

down (English noun) down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Celtic", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with unknown etymologies", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "Ashley Down"}, {"word": "Bedminster Down"}, {"word": "Clifton Down"}, {"word": "downland"}, {"word": "Downside"}, {"word": "Emery Down"}, {"word": "Epsom Downs"}, {"word": "Hackney Downs"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "Quintrell Downs"}, {"word": "South Downs"}, {"word": "Southern Downs"}, {"word": "St Boniface Down"}, {"word": "West Down"}, {"word": "Western Downs"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doune"}, "expansion": "Middle English doune", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūn"}, "expansion": "Old English dūn", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*dūnā", "4": "*dūn", "t": "sandhill, dune"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dūn (“sandhill, dune”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "title": "uncertain origin"}, "expansion": "uncertain origin", "name": "unc"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*dūnaz"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dūnaz", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-", "t": "smoke, haze, dust"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*dūnom", "4": "", "5": "hill; hillfort"}, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“hill; hillfort”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "din", "3": "", "4": "hill"}, "expansion": "Welsh din (“hill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "hill, fort"}, "expansion": "Irish dún (“hill, fort”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-", "4": "", "5": "to finish, come full circle"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "duin", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Düne", "3": "", "4": "dune"}, "expansion": "German Düne (“dune”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "Down"}, "expansion": "Doublet of Down", "name": "doublet"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doune, from Old English dūn, from Proto-West Germanic *dūn (“sandhill, dune”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz, *dūnǭ (“pile, heap”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”). Alternatively, perhaps borrowed from Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“hill; hillfort”) (compare Welsh din (“hill”), Irish dún (“hill, fort”)), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”). Cognate with West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”), Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”), German Düne (“dune”). More at town; akin to dune. Doublet of Down.", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Southern England English"], "examples": [{"text": "We went for a walk over the downs.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills in south east England.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:", "text": "And with each end of thy blue bow dost crown\n My bosky acres and my unshrubb'd down", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1691, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation, London: Pr. for S. Smith, →OCLC:", "text": "...as they muſt needs acknowledge who have been on the Downs of Suſſex, and enjoyed that ravishing Proſpect of the Sea on one Hand, and the Country far and wide on the other.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1842, Alfred Tennyson, “Lady Clare”, in Poems, London: Edward Moxon, →OCLC, page 198:", "text": "She went by dale, and she went by down,\n With a single rose in her hair.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1898, H. G. Wells, Certain Personal Matters: A Collection of Material, Mainly Autobiographical, Lawrence & Bullen, →OCLC, page 256:", "text": "The amateur nature-lover proceeds over the down, appreciating all this as hard as he can appreciate, and anon gazing up at the grey and white cloud shapes melting slowly from this form to that, and showing lakes, and wide expanses, and serene distances of blue between their gaps.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "links": [["hill", "hill"]], "qualifier": "often in place names", "raw_glosses": ["(especially Southern England, also Australia, often plural, often in place names) A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "tags": ["Australia", "Southern-England", "also", "countable", "especially", "often", "plural", "uncountable"]}, {"glosses": ["A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "raw_glosses": ["(usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "tags": ["countable", "plural-normally", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1636, George Sandys, “A Paraphrase Vpon Iob”, in Early English Books:", "text": "Seven thousand broad-taild Sheepe gras'd on his Downes;", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "raw_glosses": ["(UK, chiefly in the plural) A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "tags": ["UK", "countable", "in-plural", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "goon"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "højdedrag"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "heuvel"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "kumpu"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "Hügel"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "lofáki", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "λοφάκι"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "ritče", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "ритче"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "colina"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "xolm", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "холм"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "bezlésaja vozvýšennostʹ", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "безле́сая возвы́шенность"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "páhorb", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "па́горб"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "bane"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "veld"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "baan"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "rata"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "maidān", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "मैदान"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "meydân", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "میدان"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "ipodróm", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "іподро́м"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "down feather"}, {"word": "down jacket"}, {"word": "powder-down feather"}, {"word": "powder-down patch"}], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "dʰewh₂-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doun"}, "expansion": "Middle English doun", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "dúnn"}, "expansion": "Old Norse dúnn", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "dūnaz", "4": "", "5": "down"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic dūnaz (“down”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "dʰowh₂-nis"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European dʰowh₂-nis", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Duune", "3": "", "4": "fluff, down"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Duune (“fluff, down”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Daune", "3": "", "4": "down"}, "expansion": "German Daune (“down”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "dun", "3": "", "4": "down"}, "expansion": "Danish dun (“down”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doun, from Old Norse dúnn, from Proto-Germanic dūnaz (“down”), which is related to dauniz (“(pleasant) smell”), from Proto-Indo-European dʰowh₂-nis, from the root dʰewh₂-.\nCognate with Saterland Frisian Duune (“fluff, down”), German Daune (“down”) and Danish dun (“down”).", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"glosses": ["Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets."], "links": [["fluffy", "fluffy"], ["feather", "feather"], ["duvet", "duvet"], ["sleeping bag", "sleeping bag"], ["jacket", "jacket"]], "senseid": ["en:feathers"], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Botany"], "examples": [{"ref": "1718, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, London: W. Churchill, →OCLC, page 120:", "text": "Down or Cotton-Thiſtle. This hath many large Leaves lying on the Ground, ſomewhat cut in, and as it were crumpled on the Edges, of a green Colour on the upper ſide, but covered with long hairy Wool or Cottony Down, ſet with moſt ſharp and cruel pricks", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1998, Valerie Worth, The Crone's Book of Charms and Spells, Minnesota: Llewellyn Publications, →ISBN, page 152:", "text": "No candle should light it, neither should any flower adorn it, save for several dried stalks of old and withered thistles, their heads pale with silken down, held in a common glass jar.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle."], "links": [["botany", "botany"], ["pubescence", "pubescence"], ["plant", "plant"], ["thistle", "thistle"]], "raw_glosses": ["(botany) The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle."], "senseid": ["en:pubescence"], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"], "topics": ["biology", "botany", "natural-sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1717, John Dryden, The Dramatick Works of John Dryden, Esq., volume the fourth, London: Jacob Tonson, →OCLC, page 136:", "text": "But love him as he was, when youthful Grace,\n And the firſt Down began to ſhade his face", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1867, Ivan Sergheïevitch Turgenef [i.e., Ivan Turgenev], chapter I, in Eugene Schuyler, transl., Fathers and Sons […], New York, N.Y.: Leypoldt and Holt, →OCLC, page 1:", "text": "The servant to whom he put this question was a young fellow with chubby cheeks, small, dull eyes, and a round chin, covered with a colorless down.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear."], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1696, Tho[mas] Southerne, Oroonoko: A Tragedy […], London: […] H[enry] Playford […]; B[enjamin] Tooke […]; [a]nd S. Buckley […], →OCLC, act V, scene the last [iv], pages 76–77:", "text": "Thou boſom Softneſs! Down of all my Cares!\n I cou'd recline my thoughts upon this Breaſt\n To a forgetfulneſs of all my Griefs,\n And yet be happy: but it wonnot be.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, (please specify |part=Prologue or Rpilogue, or |canto=I to CXXIX):", "text": "When in the down I sink my head,\n Sleep, Death's twin brother, times my breath.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down."], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aġvamaz", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "աղվամազ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "bmbul", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "բմբուլ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "mamıq", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "мамыҡ"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "marbluñv"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dum"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "puh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "mǎh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "мъх"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plomissol"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plomís"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "borrissol"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽絨"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǔróng", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽绒"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "manbluv"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "chmýří"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "dons"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "untuva"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "duvet"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "penuxe"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "froxel"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "peluxe"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ɣinɣli", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ღინღლი"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Daune"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "poúpoula", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "plural"], "word": "πούπουλα"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "lákhnē", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "λάχνη"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "mnoûs", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "μνοῦς"}, {"code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "qivioq"}, {"code": "haw", "lang": "Hawaiian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "heu"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pihetoll"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pehely"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dúnn"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "clúmh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "piumino"}, {"alt": "うもう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "umou", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽毛"}, {"alt": "わたげ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "watage", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "綿毛"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "daun", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ダウン"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "somteol", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "솜털"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "paperje", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "паперје"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "mov", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "мов"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "hune"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "avavun", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ававун"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "tüy", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "توی"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "puch"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "penugem"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pušók", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пушо́к"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "doon"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clòimh"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clòimhteach"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter", "plural"], "word": "páperie"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "puh"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plumón"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "kǒn-ui", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ขนอุย"}, {"code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "bya spu", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "བྱ་སྤུ"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "kuş tüyü"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "tüy"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pufla"}, {"code": "tyz", "lang": "Tày", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "khuôn búa"}, {"code": "tyz", "lang": "Tày", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "khuôn buốt"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "daun"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "plural"], "word": "manblu"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "borrissol"}, {"code": "haw", "lang": "Hawaiian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "heu"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "moholy"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "bolyhosság"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "bolyh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "pubescenza"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "lānūgō"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhuna"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhune"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhunga"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "manflew"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "goflew"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "marblev"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "duvet"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ɣinɣli", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "ღინღლი"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "chnoúdi", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "χνούδι"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "íoulos", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "ἴουλος"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "lānūgō"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "buço"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "tulei"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vello"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "ayva tüyü"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pušók", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пушо́к"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "manflew"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["plural"], "word": "blewiach"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

down (English noun) down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "down feather"}, {"word": "down jacket"}, {"word": "powder-down feather"}, {"word": "powder-down patch"}], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doun"}, "expansion": "Middle English doun", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "dúnn"}, "expansion": "Old Norse dúnn", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*dūnaz", "4": "", "5": "down"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dūnaz (“down”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰowh₂-nis"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰowh₂-nis", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Duune", "3": "", "4": "fluff, down"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Duune (“fluff, down”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Daune", "3": "", "4": "down"}, "expansion": "German Daune (“down”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "dun", "3": "", "4": "down"}, "expansion": "Danish dun (“down”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doun, from Old Norse dúnn, from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz (“down”), which is related to *dauniz (“(pleasant) smell”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰowh₂-nis, from the root *dʰewh₂-.\nCognate with Saterland Frisian Duune (“fluff, down”), German Daune (“down”) and Danish dun (“down”).", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"glosses": ["Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets."], "links": [["fluffy", "fluffy"], ["feather", "feather"], ["duvet", "duvet"], ["sleeping bag", "sleeping bag"], ["jacket", "jacket"]], "senseid": ["en:feathers"], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Botany"], "examples": [{"ref": "1718, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, London: W. Churchill, →OCLC, page 120:", "text": "Down or Cotton-Thiſtle. This hath many large Leaves lying on the Ground, ſomewhat cut in, and as it were crumpled on the Edges, of a green Colour on the upper ſide, but covered with long hairy Wool or Cottony Down, ſet with moſt ſharp and cruel pricks", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1998, Valerie Worth, The Crone's Book of Charms and Spells, Minnesota: Llewellyn Publications, →ISBN, page 152:", "text": "No candle should light it, neither should any flower adorn it, save for several dried stalks of old and withered thistles, their heads pale with silken down, held in a common glass jar.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle."], "links": [["botany", "botany"], ["pubescence", "pubescence"], ["plant", "plant"], ["thistle", "thistle"]], "raw_glosses": ["(botany) The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle."], "senseid": ["en:pubescence"], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"], "topics": ["biology", "botany", "natural-sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1717, John Dryden, The Dramatick Works of John Dryden, Esq., volume the fourth, London: Jacob Tonson, →OCLC, page 136:", "text": "But love him as he was, when youthful Grace,\n And the firſt Down began to ſhade his face", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1867, Ivan Sergheïevitch Turgenef [i.e., Ivan Turgenev], chapter I, in Eugene Schuyler, transl., Fathers and Sons […], New York, N.Y.: Leypoldt and Holt, →OCLC, page 1:", "text": "The servant to whom he put this question was a young fellow with chubby cheeks, small, dull eyes, and a round chin, covered with a colorless down.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear."], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1696, Tho[mas] Southerne, Oroonoko: A Tragedy […], London: […] H[enry] Playford […]; B[enjamin] Tooke […]; [a]nd S. Buckley […], →OCLC, act V, scene the last [iv], pages 76–77:", "text": "Thou boſom Softneſs! Down of all my Cares!\n I cou'd recline my thoughts upon this Breaſt\n To a forgetfulneſs of all my Griefs,\n And yet be happy: but it wonnot be.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, (please specify |part=Prologue or Rpilogue, or |canto=I to CXXIX):", "text": "When in the down I sink my head,\n Sleep, Death's twin brother, times my breath.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down."], "tags": ["countable", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aġvamaz", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "աղվամազ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "bmbul", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "բմբուլ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "mamıq", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "мамыҡ"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "marbluñv"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dum"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "puh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "mǎh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "мъх"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plomissol"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plomís"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "borrissol"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽絨"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǔróng", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽绒"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "manbluv"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "chmýří"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "dons"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "untuva"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "duvet"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "penuxe"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "froxel"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "peluxe"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ɣinɣli", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ღინღლი"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Daune"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "poúpoula", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "plural"], "word": "πούπουλα"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "lákhnē", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "λάχνη"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "mnoûs", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "μνοῦς"}, {"code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "qivioq"}, {"code": "haw", "lang": "Hawaiian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "heu"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pihetoll"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pehely"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "dúnn"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "clúmh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "piumino"}, {"alt": "うもう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "umou", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "羽毛"}, {"alt": "わたげ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "watage", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "綿毛"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "daun", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ダウン"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "somteol", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "솜털"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "paperje", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "паперје"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "mov", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "мов"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "hune"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "avavun", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ававун"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "tüy", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "توی"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "puch"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "penugem"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pušók", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пушо́к"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "doon"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clòimh"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clòimhteach"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter", "plural"], "word": "páperie"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "puh"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "plumón"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "kǒn-ui", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "ขนอุย"}, {"code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "bya spu", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "བྱ་སྤུ"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "kuş tüyü"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "tüy"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "pufla"}, {"code": "tyz", "lang": "Tày", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "khuôn búa"}, {"code": "tyz", "lang": "Tày", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "khuôn buốt"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "word": "daun"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft, immature feathers", "tags": ["feminine", "plural"], "word": "manblu"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "borrissol"}, {"code": "haw", "lang": "Hawaiian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "heu"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "moholy"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "bolyhosság"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "bolyh"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "pubescenza"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "lānūgō"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhuna"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhune"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "word": "tāhunga"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["feminine", "neuter"], "word": "dun"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "manflew"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "the pubescence of plants", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "goflew"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "zaḡab", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "زَغَب"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "marblev"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "duvet"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ɣinɣli", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "ღინღლი"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "chnoúdi", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "χνούδι"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "íoulos", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "ἴουλος"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "pihe"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "lānūgō"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "buço"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "puf"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "tulei"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vello"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "lanugo"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "word": "ayva tüyü"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pux", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пух"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "pušók", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "пушо́к"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["masculine", "plural"], "word": "manflew"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "soft hair of the face", "tags": ["plural"], "word": "blewiach"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Southern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Celtic", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with unknown etymologies", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "Ashley Down"}, {"word": "Bedminster Down"}, {"word": "Clifton Down"}, {"word": "downland"}, {"word": "Downside"}, {"word": "Emery Down"}, {"word": "Epsom Downs"}, {"word": "Hackney Downs"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "Quintrell Downs"}, {"word": "South Downs"}, {"word": "Southern Downs"}, {"word": "St Boniface Down"}, {"word": "West Down"}, {"word": "Western Downs"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doune"}, "expansion": "Middle English doune", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūn"}, "expansion": "Old English dūn", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "dūnā", "4": "dūn", "t": "sandhill, dune"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic dūn (“sandhill, dune”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "title": "uncertain origin"}, "expansion": "uncertain origin", "name": "unc"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "dūnaz"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic dūnaz", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "dʰewh₂-", "t": "smoke, haze, dust"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "dūnom", "4": "", "5": "hill; hillfort"}, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic dūnom (“hill; hillfort”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "din", "3": "", "4": "hill"}, "expansion": "Welsh din (“hill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "hill, fort"}, "expansion": "Irish dún (“hill, fort”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "dʰewh₂-", "4": "", "5": "to finish, come full circle"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "duin", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Düne", "3": "", "4": "dune"}, "expansion": "German Düne (“dune”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "Down"}, "expansion": "Doublet of Down", "name": "doublet"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doune, from Old English dūn, from Proto-West Germanic dūn (“sandhill, dune”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic dūnaz, dūnǭ (“pile, heap”), from Proto-Indo-European dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”). Alternatively, perhaps borrowed from Proto-Celtic dūnom (“hill; hillfort”) (compare Welsh din (“hill”), Irish dún (“hill, fort”)), from Proto-Indo-European dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”). Cognate with West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”), Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”), German Düne (“dune”). More at town; akin to dune. Doublet of Down.", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Southern England English"], "examples": [{"text": "We went for a walk over the downs.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills in south east England.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:", "text": "And with each end of thy blue bow dost crown\n My bosky acres and my unshrubb'd down", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1691, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation, London: Pr. for S. Smith, →OCLC:", "text": "...as they muſt needs acknowledge who have been on the Downs of Suſſex, and enjoyed that ravishing Proſpect of the Sea on one Hand, and the Country far and wide on the other.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1842, Alfred Tennyson, “Lady Clare”, in Poems, London: Edward Moxon, →OCLC, page 198:", "text": "She went by dale, and she went by down,\n With a single rose in her hair.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1898, H. G. Wells, Certain Personal Matters: A Collection of Material, Mainly Autobiographical, Lawrence & Bullen, →OCLC, page 256:", "text": "The amateur nature-lover proceeds over the down, appreciating all this as hard as he can appreciate, and anon gazing up at the grey and white cloud shapes melting slowly from this form to that, and showing lakes, and wide expanses, and serene distances of blue between their gaps.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "links": [["hill", "hill"]], "qualifier": "often in place names", "raw_glosses": ["(especially Southern England, also Australia, often plural, often in place names) A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "tags": ["Australia", "Southern-England", "also", "countable", "especially", "often", "plural", "uncountable"]}, {"glosses": ["A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "raw_glosses": ["(usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "tags": ["countable", "plural-normally", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1636, George Sandys, “A Paraphrase Vpon Iob”, in Early English Books:", "text": "Seven thousand broad-taild Sheepe gras'd on his Downes;", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "raw_glosses": ["(UK, chiefly in the plural) A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "tags": ["UK", "countable", "in-plural", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "goon"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "højdedrag"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "heuvel"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "kumpu"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "Hügel"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "lofáki", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "λοφάκι"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "ritče", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "ритче"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "colina"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "xolm", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "холм"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "bezlésaja vozvýšennostʹ", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "безле́сая возвы́шенность"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "páhorb", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "па́горб"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "bane"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "veld"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "baan"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "rata"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "maidān", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "मैदान"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "meydân", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "میدان"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "ipodróm", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "іподро́м"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

down (English noun) down/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Southern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English intensifiers", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Celtic", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with unknown etymologies", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 6 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/aʊn", "Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "en:Directions", "en:Hair", "en:Sadness"], "derived": [{"word": "Ashley Down"}, {"word": "Bedminster Down"}, {"word": "Clifton Down"}, {"word": "downland"}, {"word": "Downside"}, {"word": "Emery Down"}, {"word": "Epsom Downs"}, {"word": "Hackney Downs"}, {"word": "North Downs"}, {"word": "Quintrell Downs"}, {"word": "South Downs"}, {"word": "Southern Downs"}, {"word": "St Boniface Down"}, {"word": "West Down"}, {"word": "Western Downs"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "doune"}, "expansion": "Middle English doune", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "dūn"}, "expansion": "Old English dūn", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*dūnā", "4": "*dūn", "t": "sandhill, dune"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dūn (“sandhill, dune”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "title": "uncertain origin"}, "expansion": "uncertain origin", "name": "unc"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*dūnaz"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dūnaz", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-", "t": "smoke, haze, dust"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*dūnom", "4": "", "5": "hill; hillfort"}, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“hill; hillfort”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "din", "3": "", "4": "hill"}, "expansion": "Welsh din (“hill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "hill, fort"}, "expansion": "Irish dún (“hill, fort”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰewh₂-", "4": "", "5": "to finish, come full circle"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "dún", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "duin", "3": "", "4": "dune, sandhill"}, "expansion": "Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Düne", "3": "", "4": "dune"}, "expansion": "German Düne (“dune”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "Down"}, "expansion": "Doublet of Down", "name": "doublet"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English doune, from Old English dūn, from Proto-West Germanic *dūn (“sandhill, dune”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz, *dūnǭ (“pile, heap”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze, dust”). Alternatively, perhaps borrowed from Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“hill; hillfort”) (compare Welsh din (“hill”), Irish dún (“hill, fort”)), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”). Cognate with West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”), Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”), German Düne (“dune”). More at town; akin to dune. Doublet of Down.", "forms": [{"form": "downs", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "~"}, "expansion": "down (countable and uncountable, plural downs)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Southern England English"], "examples": [{"text": "We went for a walk over the downs.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills in south east England.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:", "text": "And with each end of thy blue bow dost crown\n My bosky acres and my unshrubb'd down", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1691, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation, London: Pr. for S. Smith, →OCLC:", "text": "...as they muſt needs acknowledge who have been on the Downs of Suſſex, and enjoyed that ravishing Proſpect of the Sea on one Hand, and the Country far and wide on the other.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1842, Alfred Tennyson, “Lady Clare”, in Poems, London: Edward Moxon, →OCLC, page 198:", "text": "She went by dale, and she went by down,\n With a single rose in her hair.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1898, H. G. Wells, Certain Personal Matters: A Collection of Material, Mainly Autobiographical, Lawrence & Bullen, →OCLC, page 256:", "text": "The amateur nature-lover proceeds over the down, appreciating all this as hard as he can appreciate, and anon gazing up at the grey and white cloud shapes melting slowly from this form to that, and showing lakes, and wide expanses, and serene distances of blue between their gaps.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "links": [["hill", "hill"]], "qualifier": "often in place names", "raw_glosses": ["(especially Southern England, also Australia, often plural, often in place names) A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill."], "tags": ["Australia", "Southern-England", "also", "countable", "especially", "often", "plural", "uncountable"]}, {"glosses": ["A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "raw_glosses": ["(usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing."], "tags": ["countable", "plural-normally", "uncountable"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1636, George Sandys, “A Paraphrase Vpon Iob”, in Early English Books:", "text": "Seven thousand broad-taild Sheepe gras'd on his Downes;", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "raw_glosses": ["(UK, chiefly in the plural) A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep."], "tags": ["UK", "countable", "in-plural", "uncountable"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/daʊn/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊn/", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"ipa": "[dəu̯n]", "tags": ["Canada", "dialectal"]}, {"audio": "En-us-down.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-us-down.ogg/En-us-down.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-us-down.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-aʊn"}], "translations": [{"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "goon"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "højdedrag"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "heuvel"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "word": "kumpu"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "Hügel"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "lofáki", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "λοφάκι"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "ritče", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "ритче"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "colina"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "xolm", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "холм"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "bezlésaja vozvýšennostʹ", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "безле́сая возвы́шенность"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "páhorb", "sense": "hill, rolling grassland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "па́горб"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "bane"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "veld"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "baan"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "rata"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "maidān", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "मैदान"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "meydân", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "word": "میدان"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "ipodróm", "sense": "field, especially for racing", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "іподро́м"}], "wikipedia": ["down"], "word": "down"}

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