See pâl in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "la",
"3": "pala"
},
"expansion": "Latin pala",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "pal"
},
"expansion": "Breton pal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "pal"
},
"expansion": "Cornish pal",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin pala; compare Breton pal, Cornish pal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "palau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "palau"
},
"expansion": "pâl f (plural palau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 38 10 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Horticulture",
"orig": "cy:Horticulture",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Botany",
"Applied sciences",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 19 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "cy:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spade"
],
"id": "en-pâl-cy-noun-PTc69mPg",
"links": [
[
"spade",
"spade"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Wales) spade"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rhaw"
},
{
"word": "rhaw-bâl"
}
],
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Rowing",
"orig": "cy:Rowing",
"parents": [
"Water sports",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 26 2 32 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 22 2 36 11 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 64 17 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 38 10 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Horticulture",
"orig": "cy:Horticulture",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Botany",
"Applied sciences",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 62 19 16",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Tubenose birds",
"orig": "cy:Tubenose birds",
"parents": [
"Seabirds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oar blade"
],
"id": "en-pâl-cy-noun-97-gFVjK",
"links": [
[
"rowing",
"rowing#Noun"
],
[
"oar blade",
"oar blade"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rowing) oar blade"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "palf"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"rowing",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paːl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːl"
}
],
"word": "pâl"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "puffin crossing",
"word": "croesfan pâl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "sooty shearwater",
"word": "pâl du"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Cory's shearwater",
"word": "pâl yr Iwerydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Manx shearwater",
"word": "pâl Manaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "litle shearwater",
"word": "y pâl leiaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "great shearwater",
"word": "y pâl mwyaf"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Fratercula arctica",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Fratercula arctica",
"name": "taxfmt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, has been extension of Etymology 1 on account of the shape of a puffin's beak. However, the use of the same word for a Manx shearwater and a puffin parallels a shift in English where puffin used to mean a Manx shearwater until the 19th century, before coming to refer to Fratercula arctica.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "palod",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "palau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pâl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "bâl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mhâl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "phâl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "palod",
"pl2": "palau"
},
"expansion": "pâl m (plural palod or palau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 38 10 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Horticulture",
"orig": "cy:Horticulture",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Botany",
"Applied sciences",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus)"
],
"id": "en-pâl-cy-noun-4GyJpQ7k",
"links": [
[
"Manx shearwater",
"Manx shearwater"
],
[
"Puffinus puffinus",
"Puffinus puffinus#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pâl Manaw"
},
{
"word": "aderyn drycin Manaw"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 38 10 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Horticulture",
"orig": "cy:Horticulture",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Botany",
"Applied sciences",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Atlantic puffin, puffin (Fratercula arctica)"
],
"id": "en-pâl-cy-noun-eCJUFf~9",
"links": [
[
"Atlantic puffin",
"Atlantic puffin"
],
[
"puffin",
"puffin"
],
[
"Fratercula arctica",
"Fratercula arctica#Translingual"
],
[
"Peter Hayman",
"w:Peter Hayman (ornithologist)"
],
[
"Rob Hume",
"w:Rob Hume"
],
[
"Iolo Williams",
"w:Iolo Williams"
],
[
"Gwasg Carreg Gwalch",
"w:Gwasg Carreg Gwalch"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pwffin"
},
{
"word": "cornicyll y dŵr"
},
{
"word": "pwffingen"
},
{
"word": "aderyn du"
},
{
"word": "aderyn y pâl"
},
{
"word": "cyw esgob"
},
{
"word": "paledn"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paːl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːl"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cy:pâl"
],
"word": "pâl"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/aːl",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh terms borrowed from Latin",
"Welsh terms derived from Latin",
"cy:Horticulture",
"cy:Tools",
"cy:Tubenose birds"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "la",
"3": "pala"
},
"expansion": "Latin pala",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "pal"
},
"expansion": "Breton pal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "pal"
},
"expansion": "Cornish pal",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin pala; compare Breton pal, Cornish pal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "palau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "palau"
},
"expansion": "pâl f (plural palau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"spade"
],
"links": [
[
"spade",
"spade"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Wales) spade"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rhaw"
},
{
"word": "rhaw-bâl"
}
],
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Rowing"
],
"glosses": [
"oar blade"
],
"links": [
[
"rowing",
"rowing#Noun"
],
[
"oar blade",
"oar blade"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rowing) oar blade"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "palf"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"rowing",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paːl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːl"
}
],
"word": "pâl"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/aːl",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"cy:Horticulture",
"cy:Tools",
"cy:Tubenose birds"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "puffin crossing",
"word": "croesfan pâl"
},
{
"english": "sooty shearwater",
"word": "pâl du"
},
{
"english": "Cory's shearwater",
"word": "pâl yr Iwerydd"
},
{
"english": "Manx shearwater",
"word": "pâl Manaw"
},
{
"english": "litle shearwater",
"word": "y pâl leiaf"
},
{
"english": "great shearwater",
"word": "y pâl mwyaf"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Fratercula arctica",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Fratercula arctica",
"name": "taxfmt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, has been extension of Etymology 1 on account of the shape of a puffin's beak. However, the use of the same word for a Manx shearwater and a puffin parallels a shift in English where puffin used to mean a Manx shearwater until the 19th century, before coming to refer to Fratercula arctica.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "palod",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "palau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pâl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "bâl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mhâl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "phâl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "palod",
"pl2": "palau"
},
"expansion": "pâl m (plural palod or palau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus)"
],
"links": [
[
"Manx shearwater",
"Manx shearwater"
],
[
"Puffinus puffinus",
"Puffinus puffinus#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pâl Manaw"
},
{
"word": "aderyn drycin Manaw"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Atlantic puffin, puffin (Fratercula arctica)"
],
"links": [
[
"Atlantic puffin",
"Atlantic puffin"
],
[
"puffin",
"puffin"
],
[
"Fratercula arctica",
"Fratercula arctica#Translingual"
],
[
"Peter Hayman",
"w:Peter Hayman (ornithologist)"
],
[
"Rob Hume",
"w:Rob Hume"
],
[
"Iolo Williams",
"w:Iolo Williams"
],
[
"Gwasg Carreg Gwalch",
"w:Gwasg Carreg Gwalch"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pwffin"
},
{
"word": "cornicyll y dŵr"
},
{
"word": "pwffingen"
},
{
"word": "aderyn du"
},
{
"word": "aderyn y pâl"
},
{
"word": "cyw esgob"
},
{
"word": "paledn"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paːl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːl"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cy:pâl"
],
"word": "pâl"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pâl meaning in Welsh (4.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Welsh: 'pâl du', originally 'pâl du'",
"path": [
"pâl"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "pâl",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: bâl, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"pâl"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "pâl",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: mhâl, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"pâl"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "pâl",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: phâl, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"pâl"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "pâl",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.