"ef" meaning in Welsh

See ef in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Pronoun

IPA: /eːv/
Rhymes: -eːv Etymology: From Middle Welsh ef, from Proto-Brythonic *eβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *em, accusative of *es, from Proto-Indo-European *ís. Etymology templates: {{der|cy|wlm|ef}} Middle Welsh ef, {{der|cy|cel-bry-pro|*eβ̃}} Proto-Brythonic *eβ̃, {{inh|cy|cel-pro||*em}} Proto-Celtic *em, {{inh|cy|ine-pro|*ís}} Proto-Indo-European *ís Head templates: {{head|cy|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns}} ef
  1. (literary) he; him Tags: literary Synonyms: e, o [colloquial]
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "ef"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh ef",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*eβ̃"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *eβ̃",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*em"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *em",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ís"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ís",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh ef, from Proto-Brythonic *eβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *em, accusative of *es, from Proto-Indo-European *ís.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "cat2": "personal pronouns"
      },
      "expansion": "ef",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 15 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh personal pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "he; him"
      ],
      "id": "en-ef-cy-pron-xb3Nf854",
      "links": [
        [
          "he",
          "he"
        ],
        [
          "him",
          "him"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary) he; him"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "e"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "colloquial"
          ],
          "word": "o"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/eːv/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eːv"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ef"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "ef"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh ef",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*eβ̃"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *eβ̃",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*em"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *em",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ís"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ís",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh ef, from Proto-Brythonic *eβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *em, accusative of *es, from Proto-Indo-European *ís.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "cat2": "personal pronouns"
      },
      "expansion": "ef",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 15 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Rhymes:Welsh/eːv",
        "Rhymes:Welsh/eːv/1 syllable",
        "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
        "Welsh lemmas",
        "Welsh literary terms",
        "Welsh personal pronouns",
        "Welsh pronouns",
        "Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
        "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
        "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
        "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
        "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "he; him"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "he",
          "he"
        ],
        [
          "him",
          "him"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary) he; him"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/eːv/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eːv"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "e"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "o"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ef"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ef meaning in Welsh (1.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (f3d3fdb and ae80fde). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.