See cwyn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to lament; complain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷey- (“to lament; complain”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kwainōną",
"t": "to lament"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwainōną (“to lament”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cóine",
"t": "complaint"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish cóine (“complaint”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "keina"
},
"expansion": "Breton keina",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷey- (“to lament; complain”), see also Proto-Germanic *kwainōną (“to lament”), Old Irish cóine (“complaint”), Breton keina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cwynion",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cwynau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cŵyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mf",
"2": "cwynion",
"pl2": "cwynau"
},
"expansion": "cwyn m or f (plural cwynion or cwynau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "achwyn"
},
{
"word": "cwyno"
}
],
"glosses": [
"complaint"
],
"id": "en-cwyn-cy-noun-XQiwLWeP",
"links": [
[
"complaint",
"complaint"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kuːɨ̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʊi̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "cwyn"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to lament; complain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷey- (“to lament; complain”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kwainōną",
"t": "to lament"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwainōną (“to lament”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cóine",
"t": "complaint"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish cóine (“complaint”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "keina"
},
"expansion": "Breton keina",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷey- (“to lament; complain”), see also Proto-Germanic *kwainōną (“to lament”), Old Irish cóine (“complaint”), Breton keina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cwyna",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cwyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gŵyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghwyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chŵyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "cŵyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cwyn",
"name": "cy-verb form"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"aspirate": "chŵyn",
"soft": "gŵyn"
},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 47 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh terms with irregular mutation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cwyno"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present of cwyno"
],
"id": "en-cwyn-cy-verb-bDOhb0nO",
"links": [
[
"cwyno",
"cwyno#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 37 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 27 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 20 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 47 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh terms with irregular mutation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cwyno"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of cwyno"
],
"id": "en-cwyn-cy-verb-f3o5-WuA",
"links": [
[
"cwyno",
"cwyno#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kuːɨ̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʊi̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "cwyn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh non-lemma forms",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with multiple genders",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms with irregular mutation",
"Welsh verb forms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "achwyn"
},
{
"word": "cwyno"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to lament; complain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷey- (“to lament; complain”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kwainōną",
"t": "to lament"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwainōną (“to lament”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cóine",
"t": "complaint"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish cóine (“complaint”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "keina"
},
"expansion": "Breton keina",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷey- (“to lament; complain”), see also Proto-Germanic *kwainōną (“to lament”), Old Irish cóine (“complaint”), Breton keina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cwynion",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cwynau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cŵyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mf",
"2": "cwynion",
"pl2": "cwynau"
},
"expansion": "cwyn m or f (plural cwynion or cwynau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"complaint"
],
"links": [
[
"complaint",
"complaint"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kuːɨ̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʊi̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "cwyn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh non-lemma forms",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with multiple genders",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms with irregular mutation",
"Welsh verb forms"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to lament; complain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷey- (“to lament; complain”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kwainōną",
"t": "to lament"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwainōną (“to lament”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cóine",
"t": "complaint"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish cóine (“complaint”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "keina"
},
"expansion": "Breton keina",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷey- (“to lament; complain”), see also Proto-Germanic *kwainōną (“to lament”), Old Irish cóine (“complaint”), Breton keina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cwyna",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cwyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gŵyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghwyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chŵyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "cŵyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cwyn",
"name": "cy-verb form"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"aspirate": "chŵyn",
"soft": "gŵyn"
},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cwyno"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present of cwyno"
],
"links": [
[
"cwyno",
"cwyno#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cwyno"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of cwyno"
],
"links": [
[
"cwyno",
"cwyno#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kuːɨ̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʊi̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "cwyn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cwyn meaning in Welsh (4.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cwyn/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"cwyn"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "cwyn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cwyn/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"cwyn"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "cwyn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cwyn/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"cwyn"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "cwyn",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.