"crug" meaning in Welsh

See crug in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /krɨːɡ/ [North-Wales], /kriːɡ/ [South-Wales] Forms: crugiau [plural], crugyn [diminutive], crugen [diminutive], no-table-tags [table-tags], crug [error-unrecognized-form], grug [soft], nghrug [error-unrecognized-form], chrug [error-unrecognized-form]
Rhymes: -ɨːɡ Etymology: From Old Welsh cruc, from Proto-Celtic *krowkos (“heap”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *krewH- (“to heap up”), shared with Proto-Germanic *hraukaz (“heap”), Lithuanian kruvà (“heap”). Cognate with Old Irish crúach (“stack; mountain, hill”). Etymology templates: {{inh|cy|owl|cruc}} Old Welsh cruc, {{inh|cy|cel-pro|*krowkos|t=heap}} Proto-Celtic *krowkos (“heap”), {{der|cy|ine-pro|*krewH-|t=to heap up}} Proto-Indo-European *krewH- (“to heap up”), {{cog|gem-pro|*hraukaz|t=heap}} Proto-Germanic *hraukaz (“heap”), {{cog|lt|kruvà|t=heap}} Lithuanian kruvà (“heap”), {{cog|sga|crúach|t=stack; mountain, hill}} Old Irish crúach (“stack; mountain, hill”) Head templates: {{cy-noun|m|crugiau|dim=crugyn|dim2=crugen}} crug m (plural crugiau, diminutive crugyn or crugen) Inflection templates: {{cy-mut}}
  1. hillock, knoll Tags: masculine Synonyms: bryncyn, twmpath
    Sense id: en-crug-cy-noun-4Q6cAGZG Categories (other): Welsh entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Welsh entries with incorrect language header: 13 15 32 3 37
  2. tumulus, barrow Tags: masculine Synonyms: carnedd, tomen
    Sense id: en-crug-cy-noun-9h3BbBtj Categories (other): Welsh entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Welsh entries with incorrect language header: 13 15 32 3 37
  3. heap Tags: masculine Synonyms: pentwr, twr
    Sense id: en-crug-cy-noun-EDo2DyhR Categories (other): Welsh entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Welsh entries with incorrect language header: 13 15 32 3 37
  4. multitude Tags: masculine Synonyms: lliaws
    Sense id: en-crug-cy-noun-6rGlE7QZ
  5. abscess, boil, blister Tags: masculine Synonyms: cornwyd, ploryn, pothell
    Sense id: en-crug-cy-noun-1RiUPnkv Categories (other): Welsh entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Welsh entries with incorrect language header: 13 15 32 3 37

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "owl",
        "3": "cruc"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Welsh cruc",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*krowkos",
        "t": "heap"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *krowkos (“heap”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*krewH-",
        "t": "to heap up"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krewH- (“to heap up”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*hraukaz",
        "t": "heap"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hraukaz (“heap”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "kruvà",
        "t": "heap"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian kruvà (“heap”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "crúach",
        "t": "stack; mountain, hill"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish crúach (“stack; mountain, hill”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Welsh cruc, from Proto-Celtic *krowkos (“heap”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *krewH- (“to heap up”), shared with Proto-Germanic *hraukaz (“heap”), Lithuanian kruvà (“heap”). Cognate with Old Irish crúach (“stack; mountain, hill”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crugiau",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crugyn",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crugen",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crug",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grug",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nghrug",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chrug",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "crugiau",
        "dim": "crugyn",
        "dim2": "crugen"
      },
      "expansion": "crug m (plural crugiau, diminutive crugyn or crugen)",
      "name": "cy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 15 32 3 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hillock, knoll"
      ],
      "id": "en-crug-cy-noun-4Q6cAGZG",
      "links": [
        [
          "hillock",
          "hillock"
        ],
        [
          "knoll",
          "knoll"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bryncyn"
        },
        {
          "word": "twmpath"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 15 32 3 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tumulus, barrow"
      ],
      "id": "en-crug-cy-noun-9h3BbBtj",
      "links": [
        [
          "tumulus",
          "tumulus"
        ],
        [
          "barrow",
          "barrow"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "carnedd"
        },
        {
          "word": "tomen"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 15 32 3 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "heap"
      ],
      "id": "en-crug-cy-noun-EDo2DyhR",
      "links": [
        [
          "heap",
          "heap"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pentwr"
        },
        {
          "word": "twr"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "multitude"
      ],
      "id": "en-crug-cy-noun-6rGlE7QZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "multitude",
          "multitude"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lliaws"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 15 32 3 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "abscess, boil, blister"
      ],
      "id": "en-crug-cy-noun-1RiUPnkv",
      "links": [
        [
          "abscess",
          "abscess"
        ],
        [
          "boil",
          "boil"
        ],
        [
          "blister",
          "blister"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cornwyd"
        },
        {
          "word": "ploryn"
        },
        {
          "word": "pothell"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/krɨːɡ/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kriːɡ/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "cryg (“hoarse, stammering”)"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɨːɡ"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "crug"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Welsh/ɨːɡ",
    "Rhymes:Welsh/ɨːɡ/1 syllable",
    "Welsh countable nouns",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh lemmas",
    "Welsh masculine nouns",
    "Welsh nouns",
    "Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
    "Welsh terms derived from Old Welsh",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Old Welsh",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms with homophones"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "owl",
        "3": "cruc"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Welsh cruc",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*krowkos",
        "t": "heap"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *krowkos (“heap”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*krewH-",
        "t": "to heap up"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krewH- (“to heap up”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*hraukaz",
        "t": "heap"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hraukaz (“heap”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "kruvà",
        "t": "heap"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian kruvà (“heap”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "crúach",
        "t": "stack; mountain, hill"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish crúach (“stack; mountain, hill”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Welsh cruc, from Proto-Celtic *krowkos (“heap”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *krewH- (“to heap up”), shared with Proto-Germanic *hraukaz (“heap”), Lithuanian kruvà (“heap”). Cognate with Old Irish crúach (“stack; mountain, hill”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crugiau",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crugyn",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crugen",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crug",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grug",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nghrug",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chrug",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "crugiau",
        "dim": "crugyn",
        "dim2": "crugen"
      },
      "expansion": "crug m (plural crugiau, diminutive crugyn or crugen)",
      "name": "cy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hillock, knoll"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hillock",
          "hillock"
        ],
        [
          "knoll",
          "knoll"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bryncyn"
        },
        {
          "word": "twmpath"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tumulus, barrow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tumulus",
          "tumulus"
        ],
        [
          "barrow",
          "barrow"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "carnedd"
        },
        {
          "word": "tomen"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "heap"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "heap",
          "heap"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pentwr"
        },
        {
          "word": "twr"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "multitude"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "multitude",
          "multitude"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lliaws"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "abscess, boil, blister"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "abscess",
          "abscess"
        ],
        [
          "boil",
          "boil"
        ],
        [
          "blister",
          "blister"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cornwyd"
        },
        {
          "word": "ploryn"
        },
        {
          "word": "pothell"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/krɨːɡ/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kriːɡ/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "cryg (“hoarse, stammering”)"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɨːɡ"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "crug"
}

Download raw JSONL data for crug meaning in Welsh (3.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: crug/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "crug"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "crug",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: crug/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
  "path": [
    "crug"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "crug",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: crug/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
  "path": [
    "crug"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "crug",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.