See cramen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*krammen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *krammen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)krama-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)krama-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "screm",
"3": "",
"4": "surface, skin"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish screm (“surface, skin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kramenn",
"3": "",
"4": "crust, grime, tan"
},
"expansion": "Breton kramenn (“crust, grime, tan”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *krammen, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krama- (compare Middle Irish screm (“surface, skin”) and Breton kramenn (“crust, grime, tan”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cramennau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cramen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gramen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghramen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chramen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "cramennau"
},
"expansion": "cramen f (plural cramennau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Medical signs and symptoms",
"orig": "cy:Medical signs and symptoms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "lichen",
"translation": "lichen",
"word": "cramen y cerrig"
},
{
"english": "scabby, covered in scabs; crustacean",
"translation": "scabby, covered in scabs; crustacean",
"word": "cramennog"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crust, scab"
],
"id": "en-cramen-cy-noun-hwF4eioj",
"links": [
[
"crust",
"crust"
],
[
"scab",
"scab"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "crachen"
},
{
"word": "crest"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkramɛn/"
}
],
"word": "cramen"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "lichen",
"translation": "lichen",
"word": "cramen y cerrig"
},
{
"english": "scabby, covered in scabs; crustacean",
"translation": "scabby, covered in scabs; crustacean",
"word": "cramennog"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*krammen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *krammen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)krama-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)krama-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "screm",
"3": "",
"4": "surface, skin"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish screm (“surface, skin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kramenn",
"3": "",
"4": "crust, grime, tan"
},
"expansion": "Breton kramenn (“crust, grime, tan”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *krammen, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krama- (compare Middle Irish screm (“surface, skin”) and Breton kramenn (“crust, grime, tan”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cramennau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cramen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gramen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghramen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chramen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "cramennau"
},
"expansion": "cramen f (plural cramennau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"cy:Medical signs and symptoms"
],
"glosses": [
"crust, scab"
],
"links": [
[
"crust",
"crust"
],
[
"scab",
"scab"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "crachen"
},
{
"word": "crest"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkramɛn/"
}
],
"word": "cramen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cramen meaning in Welsh (2.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cramen/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"cramen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cramen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cramen/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"cramen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cramen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cramen/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"cramen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cramen",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.