See berw in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*berw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *berw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*berwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *berwos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰerw-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-o-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *berw, from Proto-Celtic *berwos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-o-s, from *bʰerw- (“to boil, brew”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "berw",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "berw",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "berw (feminine singular berw, plural berw, not comparable)",
"name": "cy-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 21 13 24 17 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 15 25 18 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"boiled, boiling"
],
"id": "en-berw-cy-adj-OKDEq-Tg",
"links": [
[
"boiled",
"boiled"
],
[
"boiling",
"boiling"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛrʊ/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeːru/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛru/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "berw"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "at the boil, on the boil",
"translation": "at the boil, on the boil",
"word": "ar ferw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "at the boil, on the boil",
"translation": "at the boil, on the boil",
"word": "ar y berw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "uproar, hive of activity",
"translation": "uproar, hive of activity",
"word": "berw gwyllt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to boil",
"translation": "to boil",
"word": "berwi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "boiling water",
"translation": "boiling water",
"word": "dŵr berw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "centre of something boiling",
"translation": "centre of something boiling",
"word": "llygad y berw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "off the boil",
"translation": "off the boil",
"word": "oddi ar y berw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "boiled pudding",
"translation": "boiled pudding",
"word": "pwdin berw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "flummery",
"translation": "flummery",
"word": "sucan berw"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*berw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *berw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*berwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *berwos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰerw-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-o-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *berw, from Proto-Celtic *berwos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-o-s, from *bʰerw- (“to boil, brew”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "berwon",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "berwon"
},
"expansion": "berw m (plural berwon)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 21 13 24 17 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 15 25 18 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a boiling"
],
"id": "en-berw-cy-noun-P0dIZd5V",
"links": [
[
"boiling",
"boiling"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 21 13 24 17 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 15 25 18 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"boiled liquid, boiled or stewed food"
],
"id": "en-berw-cy-noun-Wi3s3c3R",
"links": [
[
"boiled",
"boiled"
],
[
"stewed",
"stewed"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 21 13 24 17 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 15 25 18 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 12 33 20 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"waterfall"
],
"id": "en-berw-cy-noun-PLViyJcV",
"links": [
[
"waterfall",
"waterfall"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 21 13 24 17 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 15 25 18 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"agitation, commotion, bustle"
],
"id": "en-berw-cy-noun-kQzFJN6-",
"links": [
[
"agitation",
"agitation"
],
[
"commotion",
"commotion"
],
[
"bustle",
"bustle"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛrʊ/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeːru/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛru/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "berw"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "berwen",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "berw",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ferw",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "merw",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f-p",
"2": "berwen"
},
"expansion": "berw (plural, singular berwen f)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "cress",
"word": "berwr"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of berwr (“cress”)"
],
"id": "en-berw-cy-noun-ue1ZH8eK",
"links": [
[
"berwr",
"berwr#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛrʊ/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeːru/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛru/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "berw"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh adjectives",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh plural-basic nouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh uncomparable adjectives"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*berw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *berw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*berwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *berwos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰerw-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-o-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *berw, from Proto-Celtic *berwos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-o-s, from *bʰerw- (“to boil, brew”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "berw",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "berw",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "berw (feminine singular berw, plural berw, not comparable)",
"name": "cy-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"boiled, boiling"
],
"links": [
[
"boiled",
"boiled"
],
[
"boiling",
"boiling"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛrʊ/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeːru/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛru/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "berw"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh adjectives",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh plural-basic nouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh uncomparable adjectives"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "at the boil, on the boil",
"translation": "at the boil, on the boil",
"word": "ar ferw"
},
{
"english": "at the boil, on the boil",
"translation": "at the boil, on the boil",
"word": "ar y berw"
},
{
"english": "uproar, hive of activity",
"translation": "uproar, hive of activity",
"word": "berw gwyllt"
},
{
"english": "to boil",
"translation": "to boil",
"word": "berwi"
},
{
"english": "boiling water",
"translation": "boiling water",
"word": "dŵr berw"
},
{
"english": "centre of something boiling",
"translation": "centre of something boiling",
"word": "llygad y berw"
},
{
"english": "off the boil",
"translation": "off the boil",
"word": "oddi ar y berw"
},
{
"english": "boiled pudding",
"translation": "boiled pudding",
"word": "pwdin berw"
},
{
"english": "flummery",
"translation": "flummery",
"word": "sucan berw"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*berw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *berw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*berwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *berwos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰerw-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-o-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *berw, from Proto-Celtic *berwos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-o-s, from *bʰerw- (“to boil, brew”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "berwon",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "berwon"
},
"expansion": "berw m (plural berwon)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a boiling"
],
"links": [
[
"boiling",
"boiling"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"boiled liquid, boiled or stewed food"
],
"links": [
[
"boiled",
"boiled"
],
[
"stewed",
"stewed"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"waterfall"
],
"links": [
[
"waterfall",
"waterfall"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"agitation, commotion, bustle"
],
"links": [
[
"agitation",
"agitation"
],
[
"commotion",
"commotion"
],
[
"bustle",
"bustle"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛrʊ/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeːru/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛru/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "berw"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh plural-basic nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "berwen",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "berw",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ferw",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "merw",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f-p",
"2": "berwen"
},
"expansion": "berw (plural, singular berwen f)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "cress",
"word": "berwr"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of berwr (“cress”)"
],
"links": [
[
"berwr",
"berwr#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛrʊ/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeːru/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛru/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "berw"
}
Download raw JSONL data for berw meaning in Welsh (5.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: berw/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"berw"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "berw",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: berw/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"berw"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "berw",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: berw/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"berw"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "berw",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.