See kim in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "á kim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "giả kim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "giả kim thuật"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hoàng kim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hợp kim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Kim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kim cương"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kim khí"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kim loại"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Kim tinh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "luyện kim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "alchemist",
"word": "nhà giả kim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "phi kim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"topics": [
"alchemy",
"pseudoscience"
],
"word": "thuật giả kim"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "金"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "金",
"2": "metal; gold"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 金 (“metal; gold”)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "禁",
"id": "2"
},
"expansion": "禁 (MC kimH)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "琴"
},
"expansion": "琴 (MC gim)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "今"
},
"expansion": "今 (MC kim)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "金"
},
"expansion": "金 (MC kim)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "今"
},
"expansion": "今 (MC kim)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "衿"
},
"expansion": "衿 (MC kim)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "금"
},
"expansion": "Korean 금 (geum)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "金"
},
"expansion": "金 (MC kim)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 金 (“metal; gold”).\nThis reading is irregular, the expected reading would be *câm; cf. cấm < 禁 (MC kimH), cầm < 琴 (MC gim). ⟨-im⟩ is a very rare rime in Sino-Vietnamese proper, with this and the homophonous kim < 今 (MC kim) being the only examples.\nIt is possible that the usage of kim as the Sino-Vietnamese reading for 金 (MC kim) and 今 (MC kim) was to avoid homophony with câm (“mute”), although it is difficult to be sure. The much less common 衿 (MC kim) (that basically has no usage in Vietnamese) is considered to have the expected reading câm.\nAlso possibly compare Korean 금 (geum) and 김 (gim), the former is the expected Sino-Korean reading of 金 (MC kim) while the latter found chiefly as a surname.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "kim",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kim",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ngũ hành"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vàng"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "metallic shininess",
"text": "ánh kim",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"metal"
],
"id": "en-kim-vi-noun-A-yrZpui",
"links": [
[
"metal",
"metal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, only in compounds) metal"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 94 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 36 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 79 7 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Sewing",
"orig": "vi:Sewing",
"parents": [
"Crafts",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
12
],
[
14,
17
],
[
38,
41
],
[
43,
46
]
],
"english": "Earth bears Metal. Metal enriches Water.\nFire melts Metal. Metal chops Wood.",
"text": "Thổ sinh kim. Kim sinh thuỷ.\nHoả khắc kim. Kim khắc mộc.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Metal, one of the Wu Xing"
],
"id": "en-kim-vi-noun-dM5ROzqa"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kim˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kim˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kim˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-kim.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "kim"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mò kim đáy bể"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*kiːm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *kiːm",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "針"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "針//",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">châm</i>",
"t": "needle",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 針 (“needle”, SV: châm)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "針",
"2": "needle",
"3": "châm",
"hv": "n"
},
"expansion": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 針 (“needle”, SV: châm)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Muong kim",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *kiːm. Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 針 (“needle”, SV: châm). Cognate to Muong kim.\nAttested as kim in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cây",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "kim",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cls": "cây"
},
"expansion": "(classifier cây) kim",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Kim"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a needle"
],
"id": "en-kim-vi-noun-035rEK1S",
"links": [
[
"needle",
"needle"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a hand"
],
"id": "en-kim-vi-noun-6bFvGW1h",
"links": [
[
"clock",
"clock"
],
[
"watch",
"watch"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a clock/watch) a hand"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a clock/watch"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kim˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kim˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kim˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-kim.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "kim"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
"White Hmong lemmas",
"White Hmong terms borrowed from Mandarin",
"White Hmong terms derived from Mandarin",
"White Hmong terms with IPA pronunciation",
"White Hmong verbs",
"vi:Sewing"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "á kim"
},
{
"word": "giả kim"
},
{
"word": "giả kim thuật"
},
{
"word": "hoàng kim"
},
{
"word": "hợp kim"
},
{
"word": "Kim"
},
{
"word": "kim cương"
},
{
"word": "kim khí"
},
{
"word": "kim loại"
},
{
"word": "Kim tinh"
},
{
"word": "luyện kim"
},
{
"english": "alchemist",
"word": "nhà giả kim"
},
{
"word": "phi kim"
},
{
"topics": [
"alchemy",
"pseudoscience"
],
"word": "thuật giả kim"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "金"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "金",
"2": "metal; gold"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 金 (“metal; gold”)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "禁",
"id": "2"
},
"expansion": "禁 (MC kimH)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "琴"
},
"expansion": "琴 (MC gim)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "今"
},
"expansion": "今 (MC kim)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "金"
},
"expansion": "金 (MC kim)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "今"
},
"expansion": "今 (MC kim)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "衿"
},
"expansion": "衿 (MC kim)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "금"
},
"expansion": "Korean 금 (geum)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "金"
},
"expansion": "金 (MC kim)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 金 (“metal; gold”).\nThis reading is irregular, the expected reading would be *câm; cf. cấm < 禁 (MC kimH), cầm < 琴 (MC gim). ⟨-im⟩ is a very rare rime in Sino-Vietnamese proper, with this and the homophonous kim < 今 (MC kim) being the only examples.\nIt is possible that the usage of kim as the Sino-Vietnamese reading for 金 (MC kim) and 今 (MC kim) was to avoid homophony with câm (“mute”), although it is difficult to be sure. The much less common 衿 (MC kim) (that basically has no usage in Vietnamese) is considered to have the expected reading câm.\nAlso possibly compare Korean 금 (geum) and 김 (gim), the former is the expected Sino-Korean reading of 金 (MC kim) while the latter found chiefly as a surname.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "kim",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kim",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "ngũ hành"
},
{
"word": "vàng"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with rare senses",
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "metallic shininess",
"text": "ánh kim",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"metal"
],
"links": [
[
"metal",
"metal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, only in compounds) metal"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
12
],
[
14,
17
],
[
38,
41
],
[
43,
46
]
],
"english": "Earth bears Metal. Metal enriches Water.\nFire melts Metal. Metal chops Wood.",
"text": "Thổ sinh kim. Kim sinh thuỷ.\nHoả khắc kim. Kim khắc mộc.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Metal, one of the Wu Xing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kim˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kim˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kim˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-kim.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "kim"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
"White Hmong lemmas",
"White Hmong terms borrowed from Mandarin",
"White Hmong terms derived from Mandarin",
"White Hmong terms with IPA pronunciation",
"White Hmong verbs",
"vi:Sewing"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mò kim đáy bể"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*kiːm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *kiːm",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "針"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "針//",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">châm</i>",
"t": "needle",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 針 (“needle”, SV: châm)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "針",
"2": "needle",
"3": "châm",
"hv": "n"
},
"expansion": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 針 (“needle”, SV: châm)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "kim"
},
"expansion": "Muong kim",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *kiːm. Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 針 (“needle”, SV: châm). Cognate to Muong kim.\nAttested as kim in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cây",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "kim",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cls": "cây"
},
"expansion": "(classifier cây) kim",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "Kim"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a needle"
],
"links": [
[
"needle",
"needle"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a hand"
],
"links": [
[
"clock",
"clock"
],
[
"watch",
"watch"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a clock/watch) a hand"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a clock/watch"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kim˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kim˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kim˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-kim.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-kim.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "kim"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kim meaning in Vietnamese (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Vietnamese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.