"còng" meaning in Vietnamese

See còng in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [kawŋ͡m˨˩] [Hà-Nội], [kawŋ͡m˦˩] [Huế], [kɔŋ˦˩] [Huế], [kawŋ͡m˨˩] (note: Saigon) Forms: 𲄢 [CJK], [CJK], [CJK]
Head templates: {{head|vi|adjective|||||||head=|tr=𲄢, 窮, 工}} còng • (𲄢, 窮, 工), {{vi-adj|𲄢, 窮, 工}} còng • (𲄢, 窮, 工)
  1. hunchbacked
    Sense id: en-còng-vi-adj-eYtBwZGy Categories (other): Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header: 38 43 4 16
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Noun

IPA: [kawŋ͡m˨˩] [Hà-Nội], [kawŋ͡m˦˩] [Huế], [kɔŋ˦˩] [Huế], [kawŋ͡m˨˩] (note: Saigon) Forms: con [classifier], [CJK]
Head templates: {{head|vi|noun|||head=|tr=蚣}} còng • (蚣), {{vi-noun|蚣|cls=con}} (classifier con) còng • (蚣)
  1. crabs of genus Uca Categories (lifeform): Crabs
    Sense id: en-còng-vi-noun-OKnh9yUC Disambiguation of Crabs: 25 53 8 14 Categories (other): Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header, Vietnamese nouns classified by con Disambiguation of Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header: 38 43 4 16
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [kawŋ͡m˨˩] [Hà-Nội], [kawŋ͡m˦˩] [Huế], [kɔŋ˦˩] [Huế], [kawŋ͡m˨˩] (note: Saigon) Forms: cái [classifier], [CJK]
Etymology: Compare Proto-Katuic *kɔŋ (“bracelet”) (whence Pacoh cóng (“bracelet”)) and Proto-Bahnaric *kɔːŋ (“bracelet”) (whence Bahnar kong (“bracelet”)). Etymology templates: {{cog|mkh-kat-pro|*kɔŋ||bracelet}} Proto-Katuic *kɔŋ (“bracelet”), {{cog|pac|cóng||bracelet}} Pacoh cóng (“bracelet”), {{cog|mkh-ban-pro|*kɔːŋ||bracelet}} Proto-Bahnaric *kɔːŋ (“bracelet”), {{cog|bdq|kong||bracelet}} Bahnar kong (“bracelet”) Head templates: {{head|vi|noun|||head=|tr=栱}} còng • (栱), {{vi-noun|栱|cls=cái}} (classifier cái) còng • (栱)
  1. handcuffs
    Sense id: en-còng-vi-noun-3CFOL4kL Categories (other): Vietnamese nouns classified by cái Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by cái: 57 43
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

IPA: [kawŋ͡m˨˩] [Hà-Nội], [kawŋ͡m˦˩] [Huế], [kɔŋ˦˩] [Huế], [kawŋ͡m˨˩] (note: Saigon)
Etymology: Compare Proto-Katuic *kɔŋ (“bracelet”) (whence Pacoh cóng (“bracelet”)) and Proto-Bahnaric *kɔːŋ (“bracelet”) (whence Bahnar kong (“bracelet”)). Etymology templates: {{cog|mkh-kat-pro|*kɔŋ||bracelet}} Proto-Katuic *kɔŋ (“bracelet”), {{cog|pac|cóng||bracelet}} Pacoh cóng (“bracelet”), {{cog|mkh-ban-pro|*kɔːŋ||bracelet}} Proto-Bahnaric *kɔːŋ (“bracelet”), {{cog|bdq|kong||bracelet}} Bahnar kong (“bracelet”) Head templates: {{head|vi|verb|||head=|tr=}} còng, {{vi-verb}} còng
  1. to put handcuffs (on the wrists)
    Sense id: en-còng-vi-verb-Do0Bgk80 Categories (other): Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header: 38 43 4 16
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "con",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "蚣",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "蚣"
      },
      "expansion": "còng • (蚣)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "蚣",
        "cls": "con"
      },
      "expansion": "(classifier con) còng • (蚣)",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 43 4 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by con",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 53 8 14",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "vi",
          "name": "Crabs",
          "orig": "vi:Crabs",
          "parents": [
            "Crustaceans",
            "Decapods",
            "Arthropods",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "crabs of genus Uca"
      ],
      "id": "en-còng-vi-noun-OKnh9yUC",
      "links": [
        [
          "crab",
          "crab"
        ],
        [
          "Uca",
          "Uca#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɔŋ˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "còng"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-kat-pro",
        "2": "*kɔŋ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Katuic *kɔŋ (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pac",
        "2": "cóng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Pacoh cóng (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-ban-pro",
        "2": "*kɔːŋ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bahnaric *kɔːŋ (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bdq",
        "2": "kong",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Bahnar kong (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compare Proto-Katuic *kɔŋ (“bracelet”) (whence Pacoh cóng (“bracelet”)) and Proto-Bahnaric *kɔːŋ (“bracelet”) (whence Bahnar kong (“bracelet”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cái",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "栱",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "栱"
      },
      "expansion": "còng • (栱)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "栱",
        "cls": "cái"
      },
      "expansion": "(classifier cái) còng • (栱)",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "57 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by cái",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(8-shaped) handcuffs",
          "text": "còng số 8",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "handcuffs"
      ],
      "id": "en-còng-vi-noun-3CFOL4kL",
      "links": [
        [
          "handcuffs",
          "handcuffs"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɔŋ˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "còng"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-kat-pro",
        "2": "*kɔŋ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Katuic *kɔŋ (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pac",
        "2": "cóng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Pacoh cóng (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-ban-pro",
        "2": "*kɔːŋ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bahnaric *kɔːŋ (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bdq",
        "2": "kong",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Bahnar kong (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compare Proto-Katuic *kɔŋ (“bracelet”) (whence Pacoh cóng (“bracelet”)) and Proto-Bahnaric *kɔːŋ (“bracelet”) (whence Bahnar kong (“bracelet”)).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "còng",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "còng",
      "name": "vi-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 43 4 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Handcuff him! / Restrain him with handcuffs!",
          "text": "Còng tay hắn lại!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to put handcuffs (on the wrists)"
      ],
      "id": "en-còng-vi-verb-Do0Bgk80",
      "links": [
        [
          "put",
          "put"
        ],
        [
          "handcuffs",
          "handcuffs"
        ],
        [
          "wrist",
          "wrist"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɔŋ˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "còng"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "𲄢",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "窮",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "工",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "𲄢, 窮, 工"
      },
      "expansion": "còng • (𲄢, 窮, 工)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "𲄢, 窮, 工"
      },
      "expansion": "còng • (𲄢, 窮, 工)",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 43 4 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hunchbacked"
      ],
      "id": "en-còng-vi-adj-eYtBwZGy",
      "links": [
        [
          "hunchbacked",
          "hunchbacked"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɔŋ˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "còng"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Vietnamese adjectives",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by con",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "vi:Crabs"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "con",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "蚣",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "蚣"
      },
      "expansion": "còng • (蚣)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "蚣",
        "cls": "con"
      },
      "expansion": "(classifier con) còng • (蚣)",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crabs of genus Uca"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crab",
          "crab"
        ],
        [
          "Uca",
          "Uca#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɔŋ˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "còng"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Vietnamese adjectives",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by cái",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Vietnamese verbs",
    "vi:Crabs"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-kat-pro",
        "2": "*kɔŋ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Katuic *kɔŋ (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pac",
        "2": "cóng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Pacoh cóng (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-ban-pro",
        "2": "*kɔːŋ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bahnaric *kɔːŋ (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bdq",
        "2": "kong",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Bahnar kong (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compare Proto-Katuic *kɔŋ (“bracelet”) (whence Pacoh cóng (“bracelet”)) and Proto-Bahnaric *kɔːŋ (“bracelet”) (whence Bahnar kong (“bracelet”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cái",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "栱",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "栱"
      },
      "expansion": "còng • (栱)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "栱",
        "cls": "cái"
      },
      "expansion": "(classifier cái) còng • (栱)",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(8-shaped) handcuffs",
          "text": "còng số 8",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "handcuffs"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "handcuffs",
          "handcuffs"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɔŋ˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "còng"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Vietnamese adjectives",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by cái",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Vietnamese verbs",
    "vi:Crabs"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-kat-pro",
        "2": "*kɔŋ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Katuic *kɔŋ (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pac",
        "2": "cóng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Pacoh cóng (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-ban-pro",
        "2": "*kɔːŋ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bahnaric *kɔːŋ (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bdq",
        "2": "kong",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bracelet"
      },
      "expansion": "Bahnar kong (“bracelet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compare Proto-Katuic *kɔŋ (“bracelet”) (whence Pacoh cóng (“bracelet”)) and Proto-Bahnaric *kɔːŋ (“bracelet”) (whence Bahnar kong (“bracelet”)).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "còng",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "còng",
      "name": "vi-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Handcuff him! / Restrain him with handcuffs!",
          "text": "Còng tay hắn lại!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to put handcuffs (on the wrists)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "put",
          "put"
        ],
        [
          "handcuffs",
          "handcuffs"
        ],
        [
          "wrist",
          "wrist"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɔŋ˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "còng"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Vietnamese adjectives",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "vi:Crabs"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "𲄢",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "窮",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "工",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "𲄢, 窮, 工"
      },
      "expansion": "còng • (𲄢, 窮, 工)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "𲄢, 窮, 工"
      },
      "expansion": "còng • (𲄢, 窮, 工)",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hunchbacked"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hunchbacked",
          "hunchbacked"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɔŋ˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kawŋ͡m˨˩]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "còng"
}

Download raw JSONL data for còng meaning in Vietnamese (5.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Vietnamese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.