See chí in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "志"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "志"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 志",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 志.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "chí",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chí",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 31 33 25 0 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "intention",
"word": "bản chí"
},
{
"english": "disgruntled",
"word": "bất đắc chí"
},
{
"roman": "perseverant",
"word": "bền chí"
},
{
"english": "ambition",
"word": "chí hướng"
},
{
"english": "resolve",
"word": "chí khí"
},
{
"english": "volunteer",
"word": "chí nguyện"
},
{
"english": "volunteer army",
"word": "chí nguyện quân"
},
{
"english": "idealist",
"word": "chí sĩ"
},
{
"english": "passionately",
"word": "chí thú"
},
{
"roman": "voluntarism",
"word": "chủ nghĩa duy ý chí"
},
{
"english": "if there's a will, there's a way",
"word": "có chí thì nên"
},
{
"english": "determined to",
"word": "cố chí"
},
{
"roman": "voluntarist",
"word": "duy ý chí"
},
{
"english": "smug; content",
"word": "đắc chí"
},
{
"english": "comrade",
"word": "đồng chí"
},
{
"english": "fearless",
"word": "gan chí mề"
},
{
"english": "delighted",
"word": "hứng chí"
},
{
"english": "delighted",
"word": "khoái chí"
},
{
"english": "to be resolved to",
"word": "lập chí"
},
{
"english": "to be discouraged",
"word": "nản chí"
},
{
"english": "frustrated",
"word": "phẫn chí"
},
{
"english": "to be determined to",
"word": "quyết chí"
},
{
"english": "discouraged",
"word": "rủn chí"
},
{
"english": "despondent",
"word": "thất chí"
},
{
"english": "comfortable",
"word": "thích chí"
},
{
"english": "goodwill",
"word": "thiện chí"
},
{
"word": "thoái chí"
},
{
"english": "discouraged",
"word": "thối chí"
},
{
"roman": "voluntarism",
"word": "thuyết duy ý chí"
},
{
"english": "self-improvement",
"word": "tu chí"
},
{
"roman": "milkwort",
"word": "viễn chí"
},
{
"roman": "willpower",
"word": "ý chí"
},
{
"roman": "voluntarism",
"word": "ý chí luận"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "If you have resolve, then you will succeed.",
"text": "Có chí thì nên.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"will; resolve; volition; determination"
],
"id": "en-chí-vi-noun-4t6aQlol",
"links": [
[
"will",
"will"
],
[
"resolve",
"resolve"
],
[
"volition",
"volition"
],
[
"determination",
"determination"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕi˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɪj˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[cɪj˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"homophone": "trí"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-chí.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "chí"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*ciːʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *ciːʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-pro",
"3": "*ciiʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *ciiʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "chỉ"
},
"expansion": "Muong chỉ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bdq",
"2": "si"
},
"expansion": "Bahnar si",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kha",
"2": "ksi"
},
"expansion": "Khasi ksi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mnw",
"2": "စဲ"
},
"expansion": "Mon စဲ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *ciːʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ciiʔ. Cognate with Muong chỉ,\nBahnar si, Khasi ksi and Mon စဲ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "con",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
},
{
"form": "蛭",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "chấy",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "蛭"
},
"expansion": "chí • (蛭)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "蛭",
"cls": "con"
},
"expansion": "(classifier con) chí • (蛭)",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Central Vietnamese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Vietnamese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 18 39 20 0 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese compound parts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 31 33 25 0 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by con",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 14 68 11 0 3",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Lice",
"orig": "vi:Lice",
"parents": [
"Insects",
"Arthropods",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 28 36 22 0 11",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Parasites",
"orig": "vi:Parasites",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "If you have head lice, then scratch (your head).",
"text": "Có chí thì gãi.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head louse"
],
"id": "en-chí-vi-noun-c7eAQ0h9",
"links": [
[
"head louse",
"head louse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) head louse"
],
"tags": [
"Central",
"Southern",
"Vietnam"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕi˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɪj˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[cɪj˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"homophone": "trí"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-chí.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "chí"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "至"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "至"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 至",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 至.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "preposition",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "chí",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chí",
"name": "vi-prep"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 57 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to; until"
],
"id": "en-chí-vi-prep-JBBhGCnI",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"until",
"until"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare as a standalone word, usually in compounds) to; until"
],
"raw_tags": [
"as a standalone word"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"rare",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕi˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɪj˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[cɪj˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"homophone": "trí"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-chí.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "chí"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "至"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "至"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 至",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 至.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "compound parts"
},
"expansion": "chí",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to arrive; to reach"
],
"id": "en-chí-vi-verb-QxYtIWzc",
"links": [
[
"arrive",
"arrive"
],
[
"reach",
"reach"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in compounds) to arrive; to reach"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕi˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɪj˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[cɪj˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"homophone": "trí"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-chí.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "chí"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "至"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "至"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 至",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 至.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adverb",
"cat2": "compound parts"
},
"expansion": "chí",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "to pinch; argue",
"word": "bấm chí"
},
{
"english": "to pinch; fight",
"word": "bấu chí"
},
{
"english": "to pinch; pluck",
"word": "cấu chí"
},
{
"english": "exhaustingly",
"word": "chí chết"
},
{
"english": "to argue noisily",
"word": "chí choé"
},
{
"english": "highly just",
"word": "chí công"
},
{
"english": "most impartial",
"word": "chí công vô tư"
},
{
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "chí cốt"
},
{
"english": "filial",
"word": "chí hiếu"
},
{
"english": "at least",
"word": "chí ít"
},
{
"word": "chí lí"
},
{
"english": "reasonable",
"word": "chí lý"
},
{
"english": "correct; right",
"word": "chí phải"
},
{
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "chí thân"
},
{
"english": "excellence; goodwill",
"word": "chí thiện"
},
{
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "chí thiết"
},
{
"english": "very genuine",
"word": "chí tình"
},
{
"english": "most revered",
"word": "chí tôn"
},
{
"roman": "a tropic",
"word": "chí tuyến"
},
{
"english": "deadly",
"word": "chí tử"
},
{
"english": "even",
"word": "dĩ chí"
},
{
"english": "winter solstice",
"word": "đông chí"
},
{
"english": "summer solstice",
"word": "hạ chí"
},
{
"english": "when it rains it pours",
"word": "hoạ vô đơn chí"
},
{
"english": "dangerously urgent",
"word": "thậm cấp chí nguy"
},
{
"english": "even",
"word": "thậm chí"
},
{
"english": "since the old days",
"word": "tự cổ chí kim"
}
],
"glosses": [
"most; extremely"
],
"id": "en-chí-vi-adv-Cr~HF4CK",
"links": [
[
"most",
"most"
],
[
"extremely",
"extremely"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in compounds) most; extremely"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕi˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɪj˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[cɪj˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"homophone": "trí"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-chí.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "chí"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "誌"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "誌"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 誌",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 誌.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "compound parts"
},
"expansion": "chí",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 31 33 25 0 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "press; print media",
"word": "báo chí"
},
{
"english": "epitaph",
"word": "bi chí"
},
{
"english": "local chronicle",
"word": "dư địa chí"
},
{
"english": "local chronicle",
"word": "địa chí"
},
{
"english": "gravestone",
"word": "mộ chí"
},
{
"english": "journal",
"word": "tạp chí"
},
{
"english": "criterion",
"word": "tiêu chí"
}
],
"glosses": [
"publication; record"
],
"id": "en-chí-vi-noun-FglUbDdR",
"links": [
[
"publication",
"publication"
],
[
"record",
"record"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕi˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɪj˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[cɪj˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"homophone": "trí"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-chí.wav",
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"english": "intention",
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{
"english": "disgruntled",
"word": "bất đắc chí"
},
{
"roman": "perseverant",
"word": "bền chí"
},
{
"english": "ambition",
"word": "chí hướng"
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{
"english": "resolve",
"word": "chí khí"
},
{
"english": "volunteer",
"word": "chí nguyện"
},
{
"english": "volunteer army",
"word": "chí nguyện quân"
},
{
"english": "idealist",
"word": "chí sĩ"
},
{
"english": "passionately",
"word": "chí thú"
},
{
"roman": "voluntarism",
"word": "chủ nghĩa duy ý chí"
},
{
"english": "if there's a will, there's a way",
"word": "có chí thì nên"
},
{
"english": "determined to",
"word": "cố chí"
},
{
"roman": "voluntarist",
"word": "duy ý chí"
},
{
"english": "smug; content",
"word": "đắc chí"
},
{
"english": "comrade",
"word": "đồng chí"
},
{
"english": "fearless",
"word": "gan chí mề"
},
{
"english": "delighted",
"word": "hứng chí"
},
{
"english": "delighted",
"word": "khoái chí"
},
{
"english": "to be resolved to",
"word": "lập chí"
},
{
"english": "to be discouraged",
"word": "nản chí"
},
{
"english": "frustrated",
"word": "phẫn chí"
},
{
"english": "to be determined to",
"word": "quyết chí"
},
{
"english": "discouraged",
"word": "rủn chí"
},
{
"english": "despondent",
"word": "thất chí"
},
{
"english": "comfortable",
"word": "thích chí"
},
{
"english": "goodwill",
"word": "thiện chí"
},
{
"word": "thoái chí"
},
{
"english": "discouraged",
"word": "thối chí"
},
{
"roman": "voluntarism",
"word": "thuyết duy ý chí"
},
{
"english": "self-improvement",
"word": "tu chí"
},
{
"roman": "milkwort",
"word": "viễn chí"
},
{
"roman": "willpower",
"word": "ý chí"
},
{
"roman": "voluntarism",
"word": "ý chí luận"
}
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"english": "If you have resolve, then you will succeed.",
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],
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"resolve",
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"args": {
"1": "mnw",
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],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "con",
"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "蛭",
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},
{
"form": "chấy",
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"categories": [
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"english": "If you have head lice, then scratch (your head).",
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"glosses": [
"head louse"
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"links": [
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"head louse",
"head louse"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
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"tags": [
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"Vietnam"
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕi˧˦]",
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"Hà-Nội"
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{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɪj˨˩˦]",
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"ipa": "[cɪj˦˥]",
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{
"homophone": "trí"
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"to; until"
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"to",
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"usually"
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"to arrive; to reach"
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[
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"reach"
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"(in compounds) to arrive; to reach"
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"sounds": [
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"ipa": "[t͡ɕi˧˦]",
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{
"english": "to pinch; argue",
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},
{
"english": "to pinch; fight",
"word": "bấu chí"
},
{
"english": "to pinch; pluck",
"word": "cấu chí"
},
{
"english": "exhaustingly",
"word": "chí chết"
},
{
"english": "to argue noisily",
"word": "chí choé"
},
{
"english": "highly just",
"word": "chí công"
},
{
"english": "most impartial",
"word": "chí công vô tư"
},
{
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "chí cốt"
},
{
"english": "filial",
"word": "chí hiếu"
},
{
"english": "at least",
"word": "chí ít"
},
{
"word": "chí lí"
},
{
"english": "reasonable",
"word": "chí lý"
},
{
"english": "correct; right",
"word": "chí phải"
},
{
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "chí thân"
},
{
"english": "excellence; goodwill",
"word": "chí thiện"
},
{
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "chí thiết"
},
{
"english": "very genuine",
"word": "chí tình"
},
{
"english": "most revered",
"word": "chí tôn"
},
{
"roman": "a tropic",
"word": "chí tuyến"
},
{
"english": "deadly",
"word": "chí tử"
},
{
"english": "even",
"word": "dĩ chí"
},
{
"english": "winter solstice",
"word": "đông chí"
},
{
"english": "summer solstice",
"word": "hạ chí"
},
{
"english": "when it rains it pours",
"word": "hoạ vô đơn chí"
},
{
"english": "dangerously urgent",
"word": "thậm cấp chí nguy"
},
{
"english": "even",
"word": "thậm chí"
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{
"english": "since the old days",
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{
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{
"english": "local chronicle",
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},
{
"english": "gravestone",
"word": "mộ chí"
},
{
"english": "journal",
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{
"english": "criterion",
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"ipa": "[t͡ɕi˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɪj˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[cɪj˦˥]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"homophone": "trí"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-chí.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-ch%C3%AD.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "chí"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chí meaning in Vietnamese (14.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Vietnamese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.