"bèo" meaning in Vietnamese

See bèo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [ʔɓɛw˨˩] [Hà-Nội], [ʔɓɛw˦˩] [Huế], [ʔɓɛw˨˩] (note: Saigon)
Etymology: Norman & Mei (1976) proposes a native Austroasiatic origin and compares it to Mon ဗေဝ် (“to ride low in the water”) (< Proto-Mon-Khmer *ber (“to float”)); they also consider Chinese 薸 (OC *bew) to be a loanword from Austroasiatic. However, Liu (1999) proposes a possible relation of 薸 (OC *bew) to 漂 (OC *pʰew, “to float; to drift”), and Sagart (2008) counts 薸 (OC *bew) among "either East Asian areal words if not Chinese words in disguise"; so the loan direction might have been in reverse, i.e. from Old Chinese. Etymology templates: {{zh-ref|Norman &amp; Mei (1976)}} Norman & Mei (1976), {{der|vi|aav|-}} Austroasiatic, {{cog|mnw|ဗေဝ်||to ride low in the water}} Mon ဗေဝ် (“to ride low in the water”), {{cog|mkh-pro|*ber||to float}} Proto-Mon-Khmer *ber (“to float”), {{cog|zh|-}} Chinese, {{och-l|薸}} 薸 (OC *bew), {{zh-ref|Liu (1999)}} Liu (1999), {{och-l|薸}} 薸 (OC *bew), {{och-l|漂|to float; to drift|id=1}} 漂 (OC *pʰew, “to float; to drift”), {{zh-ref|Sagart (2008)}} Sagart (2008), {{och-l|薸}} 薸 (OC *bew), {{bor|vi|och|-}} Old Chinese Head templates: {{head|vi|adjective|||||||head=|tr=}} bèo, {{vi-adj}} bèo
  1. (slang) cheap, low quality Tags: slang Categories (lifeform): Water plants Related terms: bèo bọt
    Sense id: en-bèo-vi-adj-7UWprB3q Disambiguation of Water plants: 100 0 Categories (other): Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header, Vietnamese nouns classified by cây, Vietnamese nouns classified by lá, Vietnamese nouns classified by miếng Disambiguation of Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header: 96 4 Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by cây: 93 7 Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by lá: 93 7 Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by miếng: 93 7

Noun

IPA: [ʔɓɛw˨˩] [Hà-Nội], [ʔɓɛw˦˩] [Huế], [ʔɓɛw˨˩] (note: Saigon) Forms: cây [classifier], [classifier], miếng [classifier], [CJK], [CJK], [CJK]
Etymology: Norman & Mei (1976) proposes a native Austroasiatic origin and compares it to Mon ဗေဝ် (“to ride low in the water”) (< Proto-Mon-Khmer *ber (“to float”)); they also consider Chinese 薸 (OC *bew) to be a loanword from Austroasiatic. However, Liu (1999) proposes a possible relation of 薸 (OC *bew) to 漂 (OC *pʰew, “to float; to drift”), and Sagart (2008) counts 薸 (OC *bew) among "either East Asian areal words if not Chinese words in disguise"; so the loan direction might have been in reverse, i.e. from Old Chinese. Etymology templates: {{zh-ref|Norman &amp; Mei (1976)}} Norman & Mei (1976), {{der|vi|aav|-}} Austroasiatic, {{cog|mnw|ဗေဝ်||to ride low in the water}} Mon ဗေဝ် (“to ride low in the water”), {{cog|mkh-pro|*ber||to float}} Proto-Mon-Khmer *ber (“to float”), {{cog|zh|-}} Chinese, {{och-l|薸}} 薸 (OC *bew), {{zh-ref|Liu (1999)}} Liu (1999), {{och-l|薸}} 薸 (OC *bew), {{och-l|漂|to float; to drift|id=1}} 漂 (OC *pʰew, “to float; to drift”), {{zh-ref|Sagart (2008)}} Sagart (2008), {{och-l|薸}} 薸 (OC *bew), {{bor|vi|och|-}} Old Chinese Head templates: {{head|vi|noun|||head=|tr=苹, 䕯, 瓢}} bèo • (苹, 䕯, 瓢), {{vi-noun|苹, 䕯, 瓢|cls=cây, lá, miếng}} (classifier cây, lá, miếng) bèo • (苹, 䕯, 瓢)
  1. duckweed Derived forms: bánh bèo, bèo bọt, bèo cám, bèo tấm, bèo tây
    Sense id: en-bèo-vi-noun-ECxUVAFr

Download JSON data for bèo meaning in Vietnamese (6.0kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tyz",
            "2": "bèo",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Tày: bèo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Tày: bèo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Norman & Mei (1976)"
      },
      "expansion": "Norman & Mei (1976)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "aav",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Austroasiatic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mnw",
        "2": "ဗေဝ်",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to ride low in the water"
      },
      "expansion": "Mon ဗေဝ် (“to ride low in the water”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-pro",
        "2": "*ber",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to float"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *ber (“to float”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Chinese",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "薸"
      },
      "expansion": "薸 (OC *bew)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Liu (1999)"
      },
      "expansion": "Liu (1999)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "薸"
      },
      "expansion": "薸 (OC *bew)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "漂",
        "2": "to float; to drift",
        "id": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "漂 (OC *pʰew, “to float; to drift”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Sagart (2008)"
      },
      "expansion": "Sagart (2008)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "薸"
      },
      "expansion": "薸 (OC *bew)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "och",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Chinese",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Norman & Mei (1976) proposes a native Austroasiatic origin and compares it to Mon ဗေဝ် (“to ride low in the water”) (< Proto-Mon-Khmer *ber (“to float”)); they also consider Chinese 薸 (OC *bew) to be a loanword from Austroasiatic.\nHowever, Liu (1999) proposes a possible relation of 薸 (OC *bew) to 漂 (OC *pʰew, “to float; to drift”), and Sagart (2008) counts 薸 (OC *bew) among \"either East Asian areal words if not Chinese words in disguise\"; so the loan direction might have been in reverse, i.e. from Old Chinese.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cây",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lá",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miếng",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "苹",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "䕯",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "瓢",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "苹, 䕯, 瓢"
      },
      "expansion": "bèo • (苹, 䕯, 瓢)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "苹, 䕯, 瓢",
        "cls": "cây, lá, miếng"
      },
      "expansion": "(classifier cây, lá, miếng) bèo • (苹, 䕯, 瓢)",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "bánh bèo"
        },
        {
          "word": "bèo bọt"
        },
        {
          "word": "bèo cám"
        },
        {
          "word": "bèo tấm"
        },
        {
          "word": "bèo tây"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "duckweed"
      ],
      "id": "en-bèo-vi-noun-ECxUVAFr",
      "links": [
        [
          "duckweed",
          "duckweed"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɓɛw˨˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɓɛw˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɓɛw˨˩]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bèo"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Norman & Mei (1976)"
      },
      "expansion": "Norman & Mei (1976)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "aav",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Austroasiatic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mnw",
        "2": "ဗေဝ်",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to ride low in the water"
      },
      "expansion": "Mon ဗေဝ် (“to ride low in the water”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-pro",
        "2": "*ber",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to float"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *ber (“to float”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Chinese",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "薸"
      },
      "expansion": "薸 (OC *bew)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Liu (1999)"
      },
      "expansion": "Liu (1999)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "薸"
      },
      "expansion": "薸 (OC *bew)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "漂",
        "2": "to float; to drift",
        "id": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "漂 (OC *pʰew, “to float; to drift”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Sagart (2008)"
      },
      "expansion": "Sagart (2008)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "薸"
      },
      "expansion": "薸 (OC *bew)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "och",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Chinese",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Norman & Mei (1976) proposes a native Austroasiatic origin and compares it to Mon ဗေဝ် (“to ride low in the water”) (< Proto-Mon-Khmer *ber (“to float”)); they also consider Chinese 薸 (OC *bew) to be a loanword from Austroasiatic.\nHowever, Liu (1999) proposes a possible relation of 薸 (OC *bew) to 漂 (OC *pʰew, “to float; to drift”), and Sagart (2008) counts 薸 (OC *bew) among \"either East Asian areal words if not Chinese words in disguise\"; so the loan direction might have been in reverse, i.e. from Old Chinese.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bèo",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bèo",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "96 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "93 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "93 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "93 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by miếng",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "vi",
          "name": "Water plants",
          "orig": "vi:Water plants",
          "parents": [
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cheap, low quality"
      ],
      "id": "en-bèo-vi-adj-7UWprB3q",
      "links": [
        [
          "cheap",
          "cheap"
        ],
        [
          "low",
          "low"
        ],
        [
          "quality",
          "quality"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang) cheap, low quality"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "bèo bọt"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɓɛw˨˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɓɛw˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɓɛw˨˩]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bèo"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Vietnamese adjectives",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by miếng",
    "Vietnamese terms borrowed from Old Chinese",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from Austroasiatic languages",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from Old Chinese",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "vi:Water plants"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bánh bèo"
    },
    {
      "word": "bèo bọt"
    },
    {
      "word": "bèo cám"
    },
    {
      "word": "bèo tấm"
    },
    {
      "word": "bèo tây"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tyz",
            "2": "bèo",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Tày: bèo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Tày: bèo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Norman & Mei (1976)"
      },
      "expansion": "Norman & Mei (1976)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "aav",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Austroasiatic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mnw",
        "2": "ဗေဝ်",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to ride low in the water"
      },
      "expansion": "Mon ဗေဝ် (“to ride low in the water”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-pro",
        "2": "*ber",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to float"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *ber (“to float”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Chinese",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "薸"
      },
      "expansion": "薸 (OC *bew)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Liu (1999)"
      },
      "expansion": "Liu (1999)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "薸"
      },
      "expansion": "薸 (OC *bew)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "漂",
        "2": "to float; to drift",
        "id": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "漂 (OC *pʰew, “to float; to drift”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Sagart (2008)"
      },
      "expansion": "Sagart (2008)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "薸"
      },
      "expansion": "薸 (OC *bew)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "och",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Chinese",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Norman & Mei (1976) proposes a native Austroasiatic origin and compares it to Mon ဗေဝ် (“to ride low in the water”) (< Proto-Mon-Khmer *ber (“to float”)); they also consider Chinese 薸 (OC *bew) to be a loanword from Austroasiatic.\nHowever, Liu (1999) proposes a possible relation of 薸 (OC *bew) to 漂 (OC *pʰew, “to float; to drift”), and Sagart (2008) counts 薸 (OC *bew) among \"either East Asian areal words if not Chinese words in disguise\"; so the loan direction might have been in reverse, i.e. from Old Chinese.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cây",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lá",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miếng",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "苹",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "䕯",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "瓢",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "苹, 䕯, 瓢"
      },
      "expansion": "bèo • (苹, 䕯, 瓢)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "苹, 䕯, 瓢",
        "cls": "cây, lá, miếng"
      },
      "expansion": "(classifier cây, lá, miếng) bèo • (苹, 䕯, 瓢)",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "duckweed"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "duckweed",
          "duckweed"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɓɛw˨˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɓɛw˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɓɛw˨˩]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bèo"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Vietnamese adjectives",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by miếng",
    "Vietnamese terms borrowed from Old Chinese",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from Austroasiatic languages",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from Old Chinese",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "vi:Water plants"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Norman & Mei (1976)"
      },
      "expansion": "Norman & Mei (1976)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "aav",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Austroasiatic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mnw",
        "2": "ဗေဝ်",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to ride low in the water"
      },
      "expansion": "Mon ဗေဝ် (“to ride low in the water”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-pro",
        "2": "*ber",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to float"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *ber (“to float”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Chinese",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "薸"
      },
      "expansion": "薸 (OC *bew)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Liu (1999)"
      },
      "expansion": "Liu (1999)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "薸"
      },
      "expansion": "薸 (OC *bew)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "漂",
        "2": "to float; to drift",
        "id": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "漂 (OC *pʰew, “to float; to drift”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Sagart (2008)"
      },
      "expansion": "Sagart (2008)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "薸"
      },
      "expansion": "薸 (OC *bew)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "och",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Chinese",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Norman & Mei (1976) proposes a native Austroasiatic origin and compares it to Mon ဗေဝ် (“to ride low in the water”) (< Proto-Mon-Khmer *ber (“to float”)); they also consider Chinese 薸 (OC *bew) to be a loanword from Austroasiatic.\nHowever, Liu (1999) proposes a possible relation of 薸 (OC *bew) to 漂 (OC *pʰew, “to float; to drift”), and Sagart (2008) counts 薸 (OC *bew) among \"either East Asian areal words if not Chinese words in disguise\"; so the loan direction might have been in reverse, i.e. from Old Chinese.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bèo",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bèo",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "bèo bọt"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese slang"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cheap, low quality"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cheap",
          "cheap"
        ],
        [
          "low",
          "low"
        ],
        [
          "quality",
          "quality"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang) cheap, low quality"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɓɛw˨˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɓɛw˦˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɓɛw˨˩]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bèo"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Vietnamese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.