Vietnamese Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

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WIKIDATA QUERY failed

non (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 596978305<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:20:06 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: non > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

song (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 595308502<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:19:59 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: song > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

song (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 572155982<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:20:54 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: song > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

hay (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 614793655<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:22:58 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: hay > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

hay (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 552115320<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:23:54 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: hay > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

tiếng (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 575855384<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:21:13 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: tiếng > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

ít (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 586077105<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:28:35 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: ít > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

xương (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 587809872<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:20:35 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: xương > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

xương (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 606440234<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:21:31 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: xương > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

gai (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 609258195<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:22:22 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: gai > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

gai (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 591543974<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:23:17 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: gai > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

nan (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 611455033<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:25:38 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: nan > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

nan (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 577297312<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:26:33 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: nan > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

cái (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 610177113<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:26:15 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: cái > Template:rfe > ARGVAL-2 > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

cái (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 609294224<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:27:11 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: cái > Template:rfe > ARGVAL-2 > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

ngủ (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 610177759<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:27:47 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: ngủ > Template:cog > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()

H'Mông (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 582836730<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:27:02 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: H'Mông > Template:bor > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:borrowed()

H'Mông (top-level) WIKIDATA QUERY failed

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikimedia Error</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }
.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }
img { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }
a img { border: 0; }
h1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }
.content-text { flex: 1; }
p { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }
a { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
code { font-family: sans-serif; }
summary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }
details[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }
.text-muted { color: #777; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  a { color: #9e9eff; }
  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }
  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }
  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }
  .text-muted { color: #888; }
}
</style>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<div class="content" role="main">
<a href="https://www.wikimedia.org"><img id="logo" src="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png" srcset="https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x" alt="Wikimedia" width="135" height="101">
</a>
<div class="content-text">
<h1>Error</h1>

<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class="text-muted"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 604872270<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:27:58 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>
</div>
</html>
Path: H'Mông > Template:bor > #invoke > #invoke > Lua:Module:etymology/templates:borrowed()


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Vietnamese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.