See hamile in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tr", "2": "ota", "3": "حامله", "tr": "hamile" }, "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish حامله (hamile)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "tr", "2": "ar", "3": "حَامِلَة" }, "expansion": "Arabic حَامِلَة (ḥāmila)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish حامله (hamile), from Arabic حَامِلَة (ḥāmila), less common byform of حامِل (ḥāmil, “pregnant”, literally “carrying”).", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "tr-infl-noun-v", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "hamile", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamileler", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamileyi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamileleri", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamileye", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelere", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilede", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamileden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilenin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "tr-infl-noun-v", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "hamilem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerim", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileleri", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemiz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimiz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamileniz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileleriniz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileleri", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamileni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerini", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesini", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerini", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemizi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimizi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilenizi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinizi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerini", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerime", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilene", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerine", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesine", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerine", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemize", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimize", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilenize", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinize", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerine", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilende", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesinde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemizde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimizde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilenizde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinizde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilenden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesinden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemizden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimizden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilenizden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinizden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilenin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesinin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemizin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimizin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilenizin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinizin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "tr-infl-noun-v", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "hamileyim", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerim", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelersin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamile", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamiledir", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileler", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerdir", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileyiz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamileleriz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilesiniz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelersiniz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileler", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerdir", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "third-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "hamile", "name": "tr-adj" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "e", "poss": "1", "pred": "1" }, "name": "tr-infl-noun-v" } ], "lang": "Turkish", "lang_code": "tr", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "hamilelik" }, { "word": "hamile olmak" }, { "word": "hamile kalmak" } ], "glosses": [ "pregnant (carrying developing offspring within the body)" ], "id": "en-hamile-tr-adj-aUUW0w6E", "links": [ [ "pregnant", "pregnant" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "gebe" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/haːmi.le/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-hamile.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-hamile.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-hamile.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-hamile.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-hamile.wav.ogg" } ], "word": "hamile" }
{ "derived": [ { "word": "hamilelik" }, { "word": "hamile olmak" }, { "word": "hamile kalmak" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tr", "2": "ota", "3": "حامله", "tr": "hamile" }, "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish حامله (hamile)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "tr", "2": "ar", "3": "حَامِلَة" }, "expansion": "Arabic حَامِلَة (ḥāmila)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish حامله (hamile), from Arabic حَامِلَة (ḥāmila), less common byform of حامِل (ḥāmil, “pregnant”, literally “carrying”).", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "tr-infl-noun-v", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "hamile", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamileler", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamileyi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamileleri", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamileye", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelere", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilede", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamileden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilenin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "tr-infl-noun-v", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "hamilem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerim", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileleri", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemiz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimiz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamileniz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileleriniz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileleri", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamileni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerini", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesini", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerini", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemizi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimizi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilenizi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinizi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerini", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "definite", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerime", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilene", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerine", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesine", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerine", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemize", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimize", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilenize", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinize", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerine", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilende", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesinde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemizde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimizde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilenizde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinizde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinde", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilenden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesinden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemizden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimizden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilenizden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinizden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinden", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilenin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesinin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilemizin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerimizin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilenizin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinizin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerinin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "tr-infl-noun-v", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "hamileyim", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerim", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilesin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamilelersin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "hamile", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamiledir", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileler", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerdir", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileyiz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamileleriz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "hamilesiniz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelersiniz", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "hamileler", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hamilelerdir", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "third-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "hamile", "name": "tr-adj" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "e", "poss": "1", "pred": "1" }, "name": "tr-infl-noun-v" } ], "lang": "Turkish", "lang_code": "tr", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Turkish adjectives", "Turkish entries with incorrect language header", "Turkish lemmas", "Turkish terms derived from Arabic", "Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish" ], "glosses": [ "pregnant (carrying developing offspring within the body)" ], "links": [ [ "pregnant", "pregnant" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "gebe" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/haːmi.le/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-hamile.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-hamile.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-hamile.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-hamile.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-hamile.wav.ogg" } ], "word": "hamile" }
Download raw JSONL data for hamile meaning in Turkish (10.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Turkish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.