See Betula in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "vetoúli",
"word": "βετούλη"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "la",
"3": "betula",
"4": "",
"5": "birch tree"
},
"expansion": "Latin betula (“birch tree”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin betula (“birch tree”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "Betula",
"nogendercat": "1"
},
"expansion": "Betula f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mul",
"name": "Birch family plants",
"orig": "mul:Birch family plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mul",
"name": "Taxonomic names (genus)",
"orig": "mul:Taxonomic names (genus)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
125,
131
]
],
"ref": "2011, Peter A. Thomas, “General Forest Ecological Processes: Chapter 10 from Trees and Forests, a Color Guide”, in Arnoldia, volume 68, number 3 (in English), Boston, MA: Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, page 22:",
"text": "Fagus sylvatica (European beech) and Acer saccharum (sugar maple, from North America) are very tolerant of deep shade, while Betula spp. (birches) and Populus spp. (poplars) grow best under high light intensities.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A taxonomic genus within the family Betulaceae – birch trees."
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"english": "superkingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "superkingdom",
"word": "Eukaryota"
},
{
"english": "kingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "kingdom",
"word": "Plantae"
},
{
"english": "subkingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subkingdom",
"word": "Viridiplantae"
},
{
"english": "infrakingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "infrakingdom",
"word": "Streptophyta"
},
{
"english": "superphylum",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "superphylum",
"word": "Embryophyta"
},
{
"english": "phylum",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "phylum",
"word": "Tracheophyta"
},
{
"english": "subphylum",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subphylum",
"word": "Spermatophytina"
},
{
"english": "subfamily",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subfamily",
"word": "angiosperms"
},
{
"english": "subfamily",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subfamily",
"word": "eudicots"
},
{
"english": "subfamily",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subfamily",
"word": "core eudicots"
},
{
"english": "subfamily",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subfamily",
"word": "rosids"
},
{
"english": "clades",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "clades",
"word": "fabids"
},
{
"english": "order",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "order",
"word": "Fagales"
},
{
"english": "family",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "family",
"word": "Betulaceae"
},
{
"english": "subfamily",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subfamily",
"word": "Betuloideae"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"alt": "syn. Betula alba, downy birch",
"english": "type species",
"translation": "type species",
"word": "Betula pubescens"
},
{
"english": "Japanese cherry birch",
"translation": "Japanese cherry birch",
"word": "Betula grossa"
},
{
"english": "black birch, cherry birch, sweet birch",
"translation": "black birch, cherry birch, sweet birch",
"word": "Betula lenta"
},
{
"english": "dwarf birch",
"translation": "dwarf birch",
"word": "Betula nana"
},
{
"english": "river birch",
"translation": "river birch",
"word": "Betula nigra"
},
{
"english": "paper birch, American white birch, canoe birch",
"translation": "paper birch, American white birch, canoe birch",
"word": "Betula papyrifera"
},
{
"english": "selected other species",
"translation": "selected other species",
"word": "Betula pendula"
},
{
"word": "for more other species see References"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "Betula subg. Betula"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "Betula subg. Betulaster"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "Betula subg. Betulenta"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "Betula subg. Chamaebetula"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "Betula subg. Neurobetula - subgenera"
}
],
"id": "en-Betula-mul-name-dTQwBVmY",
"links": [
[
"genus",
"genus#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Betulaceae",
"Betulaceae#Translingual"
],
[
"birch",
"birch"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "Betula"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "vetoúli",
"word": "βετούλη"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "la",
"3": "betula",
"4": "",
"5": "birch tree"
},
"expansion": "Latin betula (“birch tree”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin betula (“birch tree”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "f",
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"head": "Betula",
"nogendercat": "1"
},
"expansion": "Betula f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"english": "superkingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "superkingdom",
"word": "Eukaryota"
},
{
"english": "kingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "kingdom",
"word": "Plantae"
},
{
"english": "subkingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subkingdom",
"word": "Viridiplantae"
},
{
"english": "infrakingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "infrakingdom",
"word": "Streptophyta"
},
{
"english": "superphylum",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "superphylum",
"word": "Embryophyta"
},
{
"english": "phylum",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "phylum",
"word": "Tracheophyta"
},
{
"english": "subphylum",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subphylum",
"word": "Spermatophytina"
},
{
"english": "subfamily",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subfamily",
"word": "angiosperms"
},
{
"english": "subfamily",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subfamily",
"word": "eudicots"
},
{
"english": "subfamily",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subfamily",
"word": "core eudicots"
},
{
"english": "subfamily",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subfamily",
"word": "rosids"
},
{
"english": "clades",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "clades",
"word": "fabids"
},
{
"english": "order",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "order",
"word": "Fagales"
},
{
"english": "family",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "family",
"word": "Betulaceae"
},
{
"english": "subfamily",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subfamily",
"word": "Betuloideae"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"alt": "syn. Betula alba, downy birch",
"english": "type species",
"translation": "type species",
"word": "Betula pubescens"
},
{
"english": "Japanese cherry birch",
"translation": "Japanese cherry birch",
"word": "Betula grossa"
},
{
"english": "black birch, cherry birch, sweet birch",
"translation": "black birch, cherry birch, sweet birch",
"word": "Betula lenta"
},
{
"english": "dwarf birch",
"translation": "dwarf birch",
"word": "Betula nana"
},
{
"english": "river birch",
"translation": "river birch",
"word": "Betula nigra"
},
{
"english": "paper birch, American white birch, canoe birch",
"translation": "paper birch, American white birch, canoe birch",
"word": "Betula papyrifera"
},
{
"english": "selected other species",
"translation": "selected other species",
"word": "Betula pendula"
},
{
"word": "for more other species see References"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "Betula subg. Betula"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "Betula subg. Betulaster"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "Betula subg. Betulenta"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "Betula subg. Chamaebetula"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "Betula subg. Neurobetula - subgenera"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "name",
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"Pages with entries",
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"Translingual proper nouns",
"Translingual terms derived from Latin",
"Translingual terms with quotations",
"mul:Birch family plants",
"mul:Taxonomic names (genus)"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
125,
131
]
],
"ref": "2011, Peter A. Thomas, “General Forest Ecological Processes: Chapter 10 from Trees and Forests, a Color Guide”, in Arnoldia, volume 68, number 3 (in English), Boston, MA: Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, page 22:",
"text": "Fagus sylvatica (European beech) and Acer saccharum (sugar maple, from North America) are very tolerant of deep shade, while Betula spp. (birches) and Populus spp. (poplars) grow best under high light intensities.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A taxonomic genus within the family Betulaceae – birch trees."
],
"links": [
[
"genus",
"genus#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Betulaceae",
"Betulaceae#Translingual"
],
[
"birch",
"birch"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "Betula"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Betula meaning in Translingual (4.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Translingual dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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