See ข้าหลวง in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ข้าหลวงเดิม"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ข้าหลวงหลังลาย"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kâa-lǔuang-yài",
"word": "ข้าหลวงใหญ่"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Compound"
},
"expansion": "Compound",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ข้า",
"3": "หลวง",
"t1": "servant",
"t2": "royal"
},
"expansion": "Compound of ข้า (kâa, “servant”) + หลวง (lǔuang, “royal”)",
"name": "com+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of ข้า (kâa, “servant”) + หลวง (lǔuang, “royal”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kâa-lǔuang",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "คน",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "คน"
},
"expansion": "ข้าหลวง • (kâa-lǔuang) (classifier คน)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"royal servant; royal attendant"
],
"id": "en-ข้าหลวง-th-noun-iE5T~Cco",
"links": [
[
"royal",
"royal"
],
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"attendant",
"attendant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) royal servant; royal attendant"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 37 17 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by คน",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 31 14 21 8 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 79 21 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Government",
"orig": "th:Government",
"parents": [
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 41 22 8 2 12",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "th:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 43 22 12 0 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "People",
"orig": "th:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1860 November 16, “หนังสือสมเด็จเจ้าฟ้าทะละหะถึงพระยาคทาธรธรณินทร์ผู้ช่วยราชการเมืองพระตะบอง”, in ไทยสถาปนากษัตริย์เขมร, พระนคร: สำนักทำเนียบนายกรัฐมนตรี, published 1962, page 57:\nพระยาอนุชิตชาญไชยผู้เป็นข้าหลวงซึ่ง...ให้ออกมาประจำณเมืองพระตะบอง...ฟังราชการเมืองเขมร\nprá-yaa à-nú-chít chaan chai pûu bpen kâa-lǔuang sʉ̂ng ... hâi ɔ̀ɔk maa bprà-jam nɔɔ mʉʉang prá-dtà-bɔɔng ... fang râat-chá-gaan mʉʉang kà-měen\nPhraya Anuchitchanchai, who was the official that...[had been] sent out to be stationed in the town of Phra Tabong ... to hear intelligence [about] the Khmer kingdom",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "1886, “คำให้การพระกำแหงพลศักดิ์”, in ประชุมพงศาวดาร, volume 70, พระนคร: กรมศิลปากร, published 1941, page 218:\nเจ้าพระยาบดินทรเดชาจึงให้ข้าหลวง...ออกไปปักปันเขตต์แดน\njâao-prá-yaa bɔɔ-din dee-chaa jʉng hâi kâa-lǔuang ... ɔ̀ɔk bpai bpàk-bpan kèet-dɛɛn\nChaophraya Bodindecha then sent officials...out to delimit the frontiers.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "1927, จดหมายเหตุเก่า เรื่อง พระเจ้าแผ่นดินกรุงศรีอยุธยาแต่งทูตไทยไปนมัสการพระมาลัยเจดีย์เมืองหงสา, พระนคร: หอพระสมุดวชิรญาณ, page 4:\nข้าหลวงทั้งปวงบอกว่า...มาแต่กรุงศรีอยุธยา...เจ้าอยู่หัวใช้ให้มาชัณศูจน์ดูพระมาไลยเจดีย์\nkâa-lǔuang táng-bpuuang bɔ̀ɔk wâa ... maa dtɛ̀ɛ grung sǐi à-yút-tá-yaa ... jâao-yùu-hǔua chái hâi maa chan-ná-sùut duu prá maa-lai jee-dii\nAll the officials said that...[they] came from the Kingdom of Glorious Ayutthaya...[and had been] directed by the Lord Over the Heads to come [here] to check [and] inspect the Divine Malai Pagoda.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crown servant; public servant; public official"
],
"id": "en-ข้าหลวง-th-noun-cHqaejE7",
"links": [
[
"crown servant",
"crown servant"
],
[
"public servant",
"public servant"
],
[
"public official",
"public official"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) crown servant; public servant; public official"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1914, “พงษาวดารเมืองไทรบุรี (ตามฉบับที่มีอยู่ในศาลาลูกขุน)”, in ประชุมพงษาวดาร, volume 2, พระนคร: โบราณคดีสโมสร, page 86:\nเจ้าพระยาไทรบุรีได้ไปปฤกษาราชการกับข้าหลวงเมืองภูเก็จ\njâao-prá-yaa sai-bù-rii dâai bpai bprʉ̀k-sǎa râat-chá-gaan gàp kâa-lǔuang mʉʉang puu-gèt\nThe chaophraya of Sai Buri had gone to confer with the governor of Phuket Town [about] government affairs.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "1928, “ผู้วายชนม์”, in ปัญญาสชาดก, volume 19, พระนคร: ราชบัณฑิตยสภา, page 1:\nรับราชการเป็นผู้ช่วยข้าหลวงมณฑลนครราชสิมา\nráp-râat-chá-gaan bpen pûu-chûai kâa-lǔuang mon-ton ná-kɔɔn-râat-chá-sì-maa\nserved as an assistant governor of Nakhon Ratchasima Circle",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"governor; administrator"
],
"id": "en-ข้าหลวง-th-noun-B5YSYqtO",
"links": [
[
"governor",
"governor"
],
[
"administrator",
"administrator"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) governor; administrator"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "2023 October 16, “การเยือนประเทศไทยอย่างเป็นทางการของข้าหลวงใหญ่ผู้ลี้ภัยแห่งสหประชาชาติ ระหว่างวันที่ ๑๕-๑๗ ต.ค. ๒๕๖๖”, in mfa.go.th:\nหารือกับนายฟิลิปโป กรันดี ข้าหลวงใหญ่ผู้ลี้ภัยแห่งสหประชาชาติที่ห้องสัตตบงกช\nhǎa-rʉʉ gàp naai fí-líp-bpôo · gran-dîi · kâa-lǔuang yài pûu-líi-pai hɛ̀ng sà-hà-bprà-chaa-châat tîi hɔ̂ng sàt-dtà-bong-gòt\nconsulted with Mr Filippo Grandi, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, at Sattabongkot Room",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"commissioner: person commissioned to perform certain functions"
],
"id": "en-ข้าหลวง-th-noun-VbPPwZ6C",
"links": [
[
"commissioner",
"commissioner"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"commission",
"commission"
],
[
"perform",
"perform"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
],
[
"function",
"function"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʰaː˥˩.lua̯ŋ˩˩˦/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"word": "ข้าหลวง"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Compound"
},
"expansion": "Compound",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ข้า",
"3": "หลวง",
"t1": "servant",
"t2": "royal"
},
"expansion": "Compound of ข้า (kâa, “servant”) + หลวง (lǔuang, “royal”)",
"name": "com+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of ข้า (kâa, “servant”) + หลวง (lǔuang, “royal”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kâa-lǔuang",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ตัว",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ตัว"
},
"expansion": "ข้าหลวง • (kâa-lǔuang) (classifier ตัว)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "th:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the fish Scolopsis ciliata of the family Nemipteridae"
],
"id": "en-ข้าหลวง-th-noun-qcRbspj5",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"fish",
"fish"
],
[
"family",
"family"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) the fish Scolopsis ciliata of the family Nemipteridae"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ทรายขาวหลังขาว"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "th:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 7 7 7 18 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 3 5 17 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 12 12 15 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 15 12 15 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 40 56",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Fish",
"orig": "th:Fish",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the fish Channa marulioides of the family Channidae"
],
"id": "en-ข้าหลวง-th-noun-SttstNnx",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"fish",
"fish"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Channidae",
"Channidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) the fish Channa marulioides of the family Channidae"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ช่อนทอง"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʰaː˥˩.lua̯ŋ˩˩˦/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"word": "ข้าหลวง"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Thai/ua̯ŋ",
"Thai 2-syllable words",
"Thai compound terms",
"Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"Thai lemmas",
"Thai nouns",
"Thai nouns classified by คน",
"Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"Thai terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"th:Fish",
"th:Government",
"th:Occupations",
"th:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ข้าหลวงเดิม"
},
{
"word": "ข้าหลวงหลังลาย"
},
{
"roman": "kâa-lǔuang-yài",
"word": "ข้าหลวงใหญ่"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Compound"
},
"expansion": "Compound",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ข้า",
"3": "หลวง",
"t1": "servant",
"t2": "royal"
},
"expansion": "Compound of ข้า (kâa, “servant”) + หลวง (lǔuang, “royal”)",
"name": "com+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of ข้า (kâa, “servant”) + หลวง (lǔuang, “royal”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kâa-lǔuang",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "คน",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "คน"
},
"expansion": "ข้าหลวง • (kâa-lǔuang) (classifier คน)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Thai terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"royal servant; royal attendant"
],
"links": [
[
"royal",
"royal"
],
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"attendant",
"attendant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) royal servant; royal attendant"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Thai terms with archaic senses",
"Thai terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1860 November 16, “หนังสือสมเด็จเจ้าฟ้าทะละหะถึงพระยาคทาธรธรณินทร์ผู้ช่วยราชการเมืองพระตะบอง”, in ไทยสถาปนากษัตริย์เขมร, พระนคร: สำนักทำเนียบนายกรัฐมนตรี, published 1962, page 57:\nพระยาอนุชิตชาญไชยผู้เป็นข้าหลวงซึ่ง...ให้ออกมาประจำณเมืองพระตะบอง...ฟังราชการเมืองเขมร\nprá-yaa à-nú-chít chaan chai pûu bpen kâa-lǔuang sʉ̂ng ... hâi ɔ̀ɔk maa bprà-jam nɔɔ mʉʉang prá-dtà-bɔɔng ... fang râat-chá-gaan mʉʉang kà-měen\nPhraya Anuchitchanchai, who was the official that...[had been] sent out to be stationed in the town of Phra Tabong ... to hear intelligence [about] the Khmer kingdom",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "1886, “คำให้การพระกำแหงพลศักดิ์”, in ประชุมพงศาวดาร, volume 70, พระนคร: กรมศิลปากร, published 1941, page 218:\nเจ้าพระยาบดินทรเดชาจึงให้ข้าหลวง...ออกไปปักปันเขตต์แดน\njâao-prá-yaa bɔɔ-din dee-chaa jʉng hâi kâa-lǔuang ... ɔ̀ɔk bpai bpàk-bpan kèet-dɛɛn\nChaophraya Bodindecha then sent officials...out to delimit the frontiers.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "1927, จดหมายเหตุเก่า เรื่อง พระเจ้าแผ่นดินกรุงศรีอยุธยาแต่งทูตไทยไปนมัสการพระมาลัยเจดีย์เมืองหงสา, พระนคร: หอพระสมุดวชิรญาณ, page 4:\nข้าหลวงทั้งปวงบอกว่า...มาแต่กรุงศรีอยุธยา...เจ้าอยู่หัวใช้ให้มาชัณศูจน์ดูพระมาไลยเจดีย์\nkâa-lǔuang táng-bpuuang bɔ̀ɔk wâa ... maa dtɛ̀ɛ grung sǐi à-yút-tá-yaa ... jâao-yùu-hǔua chái hâi maa chan-ná-sùut duu prá maa-lai jee-dii\nAll the officials said that...[they] came from the Kingdom of Glorious Ayutthaya...[and had been] directed by the Lord Over the Heads to come [here] to check [and] inspect the Divine Malai Pagoda.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crown servant; public servant; public official"
],
"links": [
[
"crown servant",
"crown servant"
],
[
"public servant",
"public servant"
],
[
"public official",
"public official"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) crown servant; public servant; public official"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Thai terms with historical senses",
"Thai terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1914, “พงษาวดารเมืองไทรบุรี (ตามฉบับที่มีอยู่ในศาลาลูกขุน)”, in ประชุมพงษาวดาร, volume 2, พระนคร: โบราณคดีสโมสร, page 86:\nเจ้าพระยาไทรบุรีได้ไปปฤกษาราชการกับข้าหลวงเมืองภูเก็จ\njâao-prá-yaa sai-bù-rii dâai bpai bprʉ̀k-sǎa râat-chá-gaan gàp kâa-lǔuang mʉʉang puu-gèt\nThe chaophraya of Sai Buri had gone to confer with the governor of Phuket Town [about] government affairs.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "1928, “ผู้วายชนม์”, in ปัญญาสชาดก, volume 19, พระนคร: ราชบัณฑิตยสภา, page 1:\nรับราชการเป็นผู้ช่วยข้าหลวงมณฑลนครราชสิมา\nráp-râat-chá-gaan bpen pûu-chûai kâa-lǔuang mon-ton ná-kɔɔn-râat-chá-sì-maa\nserved as an assistant governor of Nakhon Ratchasima Circle",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"governor; administrator"
],
"links": [
[
"governor",
"governor"
],
[
"administrator",
"administrator"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) governor; administrator"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Thai terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "2023 October 16, “การเยือนประเทศไทยอย่างเป็นทางการของข้าหลวงใหญ่ผู้ลี้ภัยแห่งสหประชาชาติ ระหว่างวันที่ ๑๕-๑๗ ต.ค. ๒๕๖๖”, in mfa.go.th:\nหารือกับนายฟิลิปโป กรันดี ข้าหลวงใหญ่ผู้ลี้ภัยแห่งสหประชาชาติที่ห้องสัตตบงกช\nhǎa-rʉʉ gàp naai fí-líp-bpôo · gran-dîi · kâa-lǔuang yài pûu-líi-pai hɛ̀ng sà-hà-bprà-chaa-châat tîi hɔ̂ng sàt-dtà-bong-gòt\nconsulted with Mr Filippo Grandi, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, at Sattabongkot Room",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"commissioner: person commissioned to perform certain functions"
],
"links": [
[
"commissioner",
"commissioner"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"commission",
"commission"
],
[
"perform",
"perform"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
],
[
"function",
"function"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʰaː˥˩.lua̯ŋ˩˩˦/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"word": "ข้าหลวง"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Thai/ua̯ŋ",
"Thai 2-syllable words",
"Thai compound terms",
"Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"Thai lemmas",
"Thai nouns",
"Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"Thai terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"th:Fish",
"th:Government",
"th:Occupations",
"th:People"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Compound"
},
"expansion": "Compound",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ข้า",
"3": "หลวง",
"t1": "servant",
"t2": "royal"
},
"expansion": "Compound of ข้า (kâa, “servant”) + หลวง (lǔuang, “royal”)",
"name": "com+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of ข้า (kâa, “servant”) + หลวง (lǔuang, “royal”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kâa-lǔuang",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ตัว",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ตัว"
},
"expansion": "ข้าหลวง • (kâa-lǔuang) (classifier ตัว)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"th:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"the fish Scolopsis ciliata of the family Nemipteridae"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"fish",
"fish"
],
[
"family",
"family"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) the fish Scolopsis ciliata of the family Nemipteridae"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ทรายขาวหลังขาว"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"th:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"the fish Channa marulioides of the family Channidae"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"fish",
"fish"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Channidae",
"Channidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) the fish Channa marulioides of the family Channidae"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ช่อนทอง"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʰaː˥˩.lua̯ŋ˩˩˦/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"word": "ข้าหลวง"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ข้าหลวง meaning in Thai (9.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Thai dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (0c0c1f1 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.