See -ez in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ēs"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ēs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese -es",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -ēs, the accusative plural ending of most third declension nouns. However some popular theories state that it can be a borrowing from pre-Roman languages (given the various forms the suffix took in the Middle Ages). Compare Portuguese -es.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-es",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "-ez m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, uncountable)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish suffixes with multiple genders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Names",
"orig": "es:Names",
"parents": [
"All topics"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Enrique + -ez → Enríquez",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Lope + -ez → López",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Gutierre + -ez → Gutiérrez",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Sancho + -ez → Sánchez",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"patronymic surname suffix, that forms many Spanish surnames"
],
"id": "en--ez-es-suffix-es:patronymic",
"senseid": [
"es:patronymic"
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "-ez"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "la:-itiēs",
"id": "noun"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ia\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-itia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-jēs\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-iēs\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Blend of\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"blend\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-itiēs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ez\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-id=\"noun\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"-ez\" id=\"Spanish:_noun\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-itiēs",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -itiēs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-itiēs"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -itiēs",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "-ețe"
},
"expansion": "Romanian -ețe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-esse"
},
"expansion": "French -esse",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "-ice"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese -ice",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-ezze"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ezze",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -itiēs, an alternative form of -itia. Compare Romanian -ețe, French -esse, Portuguese -ice and Italian -ezze.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-eces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ez f (noun-forming suffix, plural -eces)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "niño (“child”) + -ez → niñez (“childhood”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "viejo (“old”) + -ez → vejez (“old age”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "estúpido (“stupid”) + -ez → estupidez (“stupidity”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gigante (“huge”) + -ez → gigantez (“hugeness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms nouns of feminine gender from nouns and adjectives, denoting the state of the base term; -hood, -ness, -ty"
],
"id": "en--ez-es-suffix-es:noun",
"links": [
[
"-hood",
"-hood"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness"
],
[
"-ty",
"-ty"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-eza"
}
],
"senseid": [
"es:noun"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ez"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Spanish countable suffixes",
"Spanish entries with etymon",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish feminine suffixes",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"Spanish masculine suffixes",
"Spanish noun-forming suffixes",
"Spanish suffixes",
"Spanish suffixes with multiple genders",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Old Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Spanish terms inherited from Latin",
"Spanish uncountable suffixes",
"es:Names"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ēs"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ēs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese -es",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -ēs, the accusative plural ending of most third declension nouns. However some popular theories state that it can be a borrowing from pre-Roman languages (given the various forms the suffix took in the Middle Ages). Compare Portuguese -es.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-es",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "-ez m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, uncountable)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Enrique + -ez → Enríquez",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Lope + -ez → López",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Gutierre + -ez → Gutiérrez",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Sancho + -ez → Sánchez",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"patronymic surname suffix, that forms many Spanish surnames"
],
"senseid": [
"es:patronymic"
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "-ez"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Spanish countable suffixes",
"Spanish entries with etymon",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish feminine suffixes",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish noun-forming suffixes",
"Spanish suffixes",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Old Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Spanish terms inherited from Latin",
"es:Names"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "la:-itiēs",
"id": "noun"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ia\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-itia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-jēs\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-iēs\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Blend of\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"blend\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-itiēs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ez\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-id=\"noun\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"-ez\" id=\"Spanish:_noun\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-itiēs",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -itiēs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-itiēs"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -itiēs",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "-ețe"
},
"expansion": "Romanian -ețe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-esse"
},
"expansion": "French -esse",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "-ice"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese -ice",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-ezze"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ezze",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -itiēs, an alternative form of -itia. Compare Romanian -ețe, French -esse, Portuguese -ice and Italian -ezze.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-eces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ez f (noun-forming suffix, plural -eces)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-eza"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "niño (“child”) + -ez → niñez (“childhood”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "viejo (“old”) + -ez → vejez (“old age”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "estúpido (“stupid”) + -ez → estupidez (“stupidity”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gigante (“huge”) + -ez → gigantez (“hugeness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms nouns of feminine gender from nouns and adjectives, denoting the state of the base term; -hood, -ness, -ty"
],
"links": [
[
"-hood",
"-hood"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness"
],
[
"-ty",
"-ty"
]
],
"senseid": [
"es:noun"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ez"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ez meaning in Spanish (6.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ez"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ez",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ez"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ez",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Spanish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.