See -ez in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese -es",
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],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. The preferred options are that it was either an internal innovation (from a reanalysis of the genitive in names ending with -ricus, i.e. -rici, as naming suffix) or a borrowing from pre-Roman languages (given the various forms the suffix took in the Middle Ages). Compare Portuguese -es.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-eces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense"
},
"expansion": "-ez m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -eces)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
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{
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"parents": [
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"Suffixes by gender",
"Suffixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish suffixes with multiple genders",
"parents": [
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"Suffixes by gender",
"Suffixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Names",
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"parents": [
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"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Enrique + -ez → Enríquez",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Lope + -ez → López",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Gutierre + -ez → Gutiérrez",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Sancho + -ez → Sánchez",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"patronymic surname suffix, that forms many Spanish surnames"
],
"id": "en--ez-es-suffix-es:patronymic",
"senseid": [
"es:patronymic"
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ez"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "-itiēs",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -itiēs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-itiēs"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -itiēs",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "-ețe"
},
"expansion": "Romanian -ețe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-esse"
},
"expansion": "French -esse",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "-ice"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese -ice",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-ezza"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ezza",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -itiēs, an alternative form of -itia. Compare Romanian -ețe, French -esse, Portuguese -ice and Italian -ezza.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-eces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ez f (noun-forming suffix, plural -eces)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "niño (“child”) + -ez → niñez (“childhood”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "viejo (“old”) + -ez → vejez (“old age”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "estúpido (“stupid”) + -ez → estupidez (“stupidity”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gigante (“huge”) + -ez → gigantez (“hugeness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms nouns of feminine gender from nouns and adjectives, denoting the state of the base term; -hood, -ness, -ty"
],
"id": "en--ez-es-suffix-es:noun",
"links": [
[
"-hood",
"-hood"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness"
],
[
"-ty",
"-ty"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-eza"
}
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"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
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}
],
"word": "-ez"
}
{
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"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish feminine suffixes",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"Spanish masculine suffixes",
"Spanish noun-forming suffixes",
"Spanish suffixes",
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"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms inherited from Latin",
"es:Names"
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"name": "cog"
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],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. The preferred options are that it was either an internal innovation (from a reanalysis of the genitive in names ending with -ricus, i.e. -rici, as naming suffix) or a borrowing from pre-Roman languages (given the various forms the suffix took in the Middle Ages). Compare Portuguese -es.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-eces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"tags": [
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],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "-ez m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -eces)",
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],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Enrique + -ez → Enríquez",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Lope + -ez → López",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Gutierre + -ez → Gutiérrez",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Sancho + -ez → Sánchez",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"patronymic surname suffix, that forms many Spanish surnames"
],
"senseid": [
"es:patronymic"
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ez"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish countable suffixes",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish feminine suffixes",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish noun-forming suffixes",
"Spanish suffixes",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms inherited from Latin",
"es:Names"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-itiēs",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -itiēs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-itiēs"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -itiēs",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "-ețe"
},
"expansion": "Romanian -ețe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-esse"
},
"expansion": "French -esse",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "-ice"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese -ice",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-ezza"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ezza",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -itiēs, an alternative form of -itia. Compare Romanian -ețe, French -esse, Portuguese -ice and Italian -ezza.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-eces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ez f (noun-forming suffix, plural -eces)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-eza"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "niño (“child”) + -ez → niñez (“childhood”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "viejo (“old”) + -ez → vejez (“old age”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "estúpido (“stupid”) + -ez → estupidez (“stupidity”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gigante (“huge”) + -ez → gigantez (“hugeness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms nouns of feminine gender from nouns and adjectives, denoting the state of the base term; -hood, -ness, -ty"
],
"links": [
[
"-hood",
"-hood"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness"
],
[
"-ty",
"-ty"
]
],
"senseid": [
"es:noun"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ez"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ez meaning in Spanish (3.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ez"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ez",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ez"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ez",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Spanish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.