"áspero" meaning in Spanish

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "topical",
      "langcode": "es",
      "name": "Sound",
      "orig": "es:Sound",
      "parents": [
        "Energy",
        "Nature",
        "All topics",
        "Fundamental"
      ],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ásperamente"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "aspereza"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "asperidad"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "asperilla"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "asperón"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "asper",
        "4": "asperum",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin asperum",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "asper",
        "4": "asperum"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Latin asperum",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂esp-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osp",
        "2": "aspro"
      },
      "expansion": "aspro",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "árboles"
      },
      "expansion": "árboles",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "miércoles"
      },
      "expansion": "miércoles",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "níspero"
      },
      "expansion": "níspero",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin asperum, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”). The forms of the Spanish word and its Portuguese equivalent seem to indicate that they may be semi-learned or borrowed terms (the expected normal result aspro was found on rare occasions in Old Spanish documents). However, comparing it to similar cases of phonetic development in Spanish and Ibero-Romance (cf. árboles, miércoles, níspero, etc.), the preservation of the proparoxytone quality (with stress on the antepenultimate syllable) is actually normal in this word.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "áspera",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ásperos",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ásperas",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "áspero (feminine áspera, masculine plural ásperos, feminine plural ásperas)",
      "name": "es-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ás‧pe‧ro"
  ],
  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "liso"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 38 8 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rough, scratchy, coarse (not smooth; uneven)"
      ],
      "id": "en-áspero-es-adj-lXkvazNi",
      "links": [
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ],
        [
          "scratchy",
          "scratchy"
        ],
        [
          "coarse",
          "coarse"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 38 8 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, rugged (e.g., climate, terrain)"
      ],
      "id": "en-áspero-es-adj-X4ucubvX",
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "rugged",
          "rugged"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "raspy, gruff, gravelly (voice)"
      ],
      "id": "en-áspero-es-adj-bOCIK93c",
      "links": [
        [
          "raspy",
          "raspy"
        ],
        [
          "gruff",
          "gruff"
        ],
        [
          "gravelly",
          "gravelly"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 38 8 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, abrasive, sharp (tone)"
      ],
      "id": "en-áspero-es-adj-ZvNaXG2z",
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "abrasive",
          "abrasive"
        ],
        [
          "sharp",
          "sharp"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaspeɾo/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈas.pe.ɾo]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aspeɾo"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico"
  ],
  "word": "áspero"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Rhymes:Spanish/aspeɾo",
    "Rhymes:Spanish/aspeɾo/3 syllables",
    "Spanish 3-syllable words",
    "Spanish adjectives",
    "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Spanish lemmas",
    "Spanish terms borrowed from Latin",
    "Spanish terms derived from Latin",
    "Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Spanish terms with audio links",
    "es:Sound"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ásperamente"
    },
    {
      "word": "aspereza"
    },
    {
      "word": "asperidad"
    },
    {
      "word": "asperilla"
    },
    {
      "word": "asperón"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "asper",
        "4": "asperum",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin asperum",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "asper",
        "4": "asperum"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Latin asperum",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂esp-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osp",
        "2": "aspro"
      },
      "expansion": "aspro",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "árboles"
      },
      "expansion": "árboles",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "miércoles"
      },
      "expansion": "miércoles",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "níspero"
      },
      "expansion": "níspero",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin asperum, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”). The forms of the Spanish word and its Portuguese equivalent seem to indicate that they may be semi-learned or borrowed terms (the expected normal result aspro was found on rare occasions in Old Spanish documents). However, comparing it to similar cases of phonetic development in Spanish and Ibero-Romance (cf. árboles, miércoles, níspero, etc.), the preservation of the proparoxytone quality (with stress on the antepenultimate syllable) is actually normal in this word.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "áspera",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ásperos",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ásperas",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "áspero (feminine áspera, masculine plural ásperos, feminine plural ásperas)",
      "name": "es-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ás‧pe‧ro"
  ],
  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "liso"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rough, scratchy, coarse (not smooth; uneven)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ],
        [
          "scratchy",
          "scratchy"
        ],
        [
          "coarse",
          "coarse"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, rugged (e.g., climate, terrain)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "rugged",
          "rugged"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "raspy, gruff, gravelly (voice)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "raspy",
          "raspy"
        ],
        [
          "gruff",
          "gruff"
        ],
        [
          "gravelly",
          "gravelly"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, abrasive, sharp (tone)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "abrasive",
          "abrasive"
        ],
        [
          "sharp",
          "sharp"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaspeɾo/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈas.pe.ɾo]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aspeɾo"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico"
  ],
  "word": "áspero"
}