кошмар in Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology: Borrowed from French cauchemar, from Middle French cauchemare, from Old French cauquemare. First element from Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”); second element from Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”), from Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”). See cauchemar. Etymology templates: {{root|sh|ine-pro|*mer-}}, {{bor+|sh|fr|cauchemar}} Borrowed from French cauchemar, {{der|sh|frm|cauchemare}} Middle French cauchemare, {{der|sh|fro|cauquemare}} Old French cauquemare, {{der|sh|la|calcare||I trample, tread on}} Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”), {{der|sh|dum|mare||phantom, spirit, nightmare}} Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”), {{der|sh|gem-pro|*marǭ||nightmare, incubus}} Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), {{der|sh|ine-pro|*mer-||to die}} Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”) Head templates: {{sh-noun|g=m|head=ко̏шма̄р}} ко̏шма̄р m (Latin spelling kȍšmār) Forms: ко̏шма̄р [canonical, masculine], kȍšmār [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], кошмар [nominative, singular], кошмари [nominative, plural], кошмара [genitive, singular], кошмара [genitive, plural], кошмару [dative, singular], кошмарима [dative, plural], кошмар [accusative, singular], кошмаре [accusative, plural], кошмару [singular, vocative], кошмари [plural, vocative], кошмару [locative, singular], кошмарима [locative, plural], кошмаром [instrumental, singular], кошмарима [instrumental, plural]

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{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mer-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "cauchemar"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from French cauchemar",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "cauchemare"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French cauchemare",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "cauquemare"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French cauquemare",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "calcare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "I trample, tread on"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "mare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "phantom, spirit, nightmare"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*marǭ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nightmare, incubus"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mer-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to die"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French cauchemar, from Middle French cauchemare, from Old French cauquemare. First element from Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”); second element from Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”), from Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”). See cauchemar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ко̏шма̄р",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kȍšmār",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмар",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмари",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмара",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмара",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмару",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмарима",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмар",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмаре",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмару",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмари",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмару",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмарима",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмаром",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмарима",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m",
        "head": "ко̏шма̄р"
      },
      "expansion": "ко̏шма̄р m (Latin spelling kȍšmār)",
      "name": "sh-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
  "lang_code": "sh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "21 5 16 5 21 4 21 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 6 16 6 21 4 21 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "67 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "90 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "sh",
          "name": "Sleep",
          "orig": "sh:Sleep",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nightmare"
      ],
      "id": "en-кошмар-sh-noun-bfpe2Zdh",
      "links": [
        [
          "nightmare",
          "nightmare"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "incubus"
      ],
      "id": "en-кошмар-sh-noun-YRczr5lq",
      "links": [
        [
          "incubus",
          "incubus"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "кошмар"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
    "Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
    "Serbo-Croatian nouns",
    "Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from French",
    "Serbo-Croatian terms derived from French",
    "Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Latin",
    "Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Middle French",
    "Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Old French",
    "Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Serbo-Croatian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mer-",
    "sh:Sleep"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mer-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "cauchemar"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from French cauchemar",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "cauchemare"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French cauchemare",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "cauquemare"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French cauquemare",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "calcare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "I trample, tread on"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "mare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "phantom, spirit, nightmare"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*marǭ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nightmare, incubus"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mer-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to die"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French cauchemar, from Middle French cauchemare, from Old French cauquemare. First element from Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”); second element from Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”), from Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”). See cauchemar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ко̏шма̄р",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kȍšmār",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмар",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмари",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмара",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмара",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмару",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмарима",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмар",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмаре",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмару",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмари",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмару",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмарима",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмаром",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошмарима",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m",
        "head": "ко̏шма̄р"
      },
      "expansion": "ко̏шма̄р m (Latin spelling kȍšmār)",
      "name": "sh-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
  "lang_code": "sh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "nightmare"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nightmare",
          "nightmare"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "incubus"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "incubus",
          "incubus"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "кошмар"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Serbo-Croatian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

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"кошмар" meaning in Serbo-Croatian

Noun