"स्वर्" meaning in Sanskrit

See स्वर् in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: /sú.ʋɐɾ/ [Vedic], /s̪ʋɐɾ/ [Classical-Sanskrit] Forms: svar [romanization], सुवर् [alternative]
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar), Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), Latin sōl, Persian خور (xvar), English sun. Doublet of हेलि (heli). Etymology templates: {{etymon|sa|inh|iir-pro>*súHar>sun|id=sun}}, {{inh|sa|iir-pro|*súHar|t=sun}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”), {{inh|sa|ine-pro|*sóh₂wl̥||sun}} Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”), {{cog|ae|𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭}} Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar), {{cog|grc|ἥλιος}} Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), {{cog|la|sōl}} Latin sōl, {{cog|fa|خور|tr=xvar}} Persian خور (xvar), {{cog|en|sun}} English sun, {{doublet|sa|हेलि}} Doublet of हेलि (heli) Head templates: {{sa-proper noun|g=m}} स्वर् • (svar) stem, m
  1. a name of Shiva
    Sense id: en-स्वर्-sa-name-KCgxG8O3 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header, Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters, Sanskrit roots, Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations, Hindu deities Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 44 1 1 3 47 2 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 48 1 1 3 44 2 2 Disambiguation of Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header: 48 1 3 5 38 3 2 Disambiguation of Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters: 46 2 13 8 30 Disambiguation of Sanskrit roots: 19 12 21 12 21 8 7 Disambiguation of Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 54 1 7 7 24 3 3 Disambiguation of Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations: 54 2 8 5 25 4 3 Disambiguation of Hindu deities: 57 2 5 3 30 1 1
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /sú.ʋɐɾ/ [Vedic], /s̪ʋɐɾ/ [Classical-Sanskrit]
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar), Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), Latin sōl, Persian خور (xvar), English sun. Doublet of हेलि (heli). Etymology templates: {{etymon|sa|inh|iir-pro>*súHar>sun|id=sun}}, {{inh|sa|iir-pro|*súHar|t=sun}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”), {{inh|sa|ine-pro|*sóh₂wl̥||sun}} Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”), {{cog|ae|𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭}} Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar), {{cog|grc|ἥλιος}} Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), {{cog|la|sōl}} Latin sōl, {{cog|fa|خور|tr=xvar}} Persian خور (xvar), {{cog|en|sun}} English sun, {{doublet|sa|हेलि}} Doublet of हेलि (heli) Head templates: {{sa-noun|g=n|tr=svàr}} स्वर् • (svàr) stem, n Inflection templates: {{sa-decl-noun-n|abl_s=svàḥ|dat_s=sūré|gen_s=sū́raḥ|loc_s=svàḥ|n=s}} Forms: svàr [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], स्वः [nominative, singular], स्वः [accusative, singular], स्वरा [instrumental, singular], सूरे [dative, singular], स्वः [ablative, singular], सूरः [genitive, singular], स्वः [locative, singular], स्वः [singular, vocative], सुवर् [alternative]
  1. the sun
    Sense id: en-स्वर्-sa-noun--Z-Zba9F Categories (other): Sanskrit roots, Sun Disambiguation of Sanskrit roots: 19 12 21 12 21 8 7 Disambiguation of Sun: 4 66 15 1 13 0 0
  2. sunshine, light
    Sense id: en-स्वर्-sa-noun-wPyUcCWF Categories (other): Sanskrit roots, Light Disambiguation of Sanskrit roots: 19 12 21 12 21 8 7 Disambiguation of Light: 10 2 65 9 11 1 1
  3. sky, heaven
    Sense id: en-स्वर्-sa-noun-TO7qBk0O Categories (other): Sanskrit roots Disambiguation of Sanskrit roots: 19 12 21 12 21 8 7
  4. space between the sun and the polar star, as the third of the व्याहृति (vyāhṛti, “names of the upper worlds used as mystical utterance”) Derived forms: स्वरतिक्रम (svaratikrama) (english: stepping beyond heaven), स्वरधीत (svaradhīta) (english: reaching heaven), स्वरापगा (svarāpagā) (english: river of heaven, the Ganges), स्वर्ग (svargá) (english: heaven), स्वर्गत (svargata) (english: being in heaven; gone to heaven; dead), स्वर्गमन (svargamana) (english: going to heaven; death), स्वर्वत् (svàrvat) (english: bright, shining, celestial), स्वर्वैद्य (svarvaidya) (english: physician of heaven; either of the two Aśvins) Related terms: सूर्य (sū́rya), सूर (sū́ra), सूर्त (sū́rta)
    Sense id: en-स्वर्-sa-noun-~ctY40cb Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Sanskrit roots Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 44 1 1 3 47 2 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 48 1 1 3 44 2 2 Disambiguation of Sanskrit roots: 19 12 21 12 21 8 7
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Root

IPA: /sʋɐɾ/ [Vedic], /s̪ʋɐɾ/ [Classical-Sanskrit] Forms: svar [romanization], स्वृ [alternative]
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to resound; whistle; shout loudly; swear”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *svãrъ (“quarrel, strife, trouble”); Latin sermō; English swear, (an)swer. Etymology templates: {{inh|sa|ine-pro|*swer-|t=to resound; whistle; shout loudly; swear}} Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to resound; whistle; shout loudly; swear”), {{cog|sla-pro|*svãrъ|t=quarrel, strife, trouble}} Proto-Slavic *svãrъ (“quarrel, strife, trouble”), {{cog|la|sermō}} Latin sermō, {{cog|en|swear}} English swear Head templates: {{head|sa|root|head=|tr=}} स्वर् • (svar), {{sa-root}} स्वर् • (svar)
  1. to sound, resound, utter a sound Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-स्वर्-sa-root-yx08NUrZ
  2. to sing praises of Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-स्वर्-sa-root-lCcbp7Ji
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2 Derived forms: Primary Verbal Forms, स्वरति (svárati) (english: Present), स्वरिष्यति (svariṣyati) (english: Future), स्वर्ता (svartā) (english: Periphrastic Future), स्वरिता (svaritā) (english: Periphrastic Future), अस्वार् (Aorist), अस्वारीत् (Aorist), सस्वार (sasvāra) (english: Perfect), Secondary Forms, स्वरयति (svaráyati) [causative], असिस्वरत् (asisvarat) (english: Causative Aorist), स्वर्यते (svaryate) [passive], सिस्वरिषति (Desiderative), सास्वर्ति (sāsvarti) (english: Intensive), Non-Finite Forms, स्वरितोस् (svaritos) (english: Infinitive), स्वार्य (Gerundive), Derived Nominal Forms, अभिस्वर् (abhisvár), अभिस्वर्तृ (abhisvartṛ́), स्वर (svara), स्वरण (sváraṇa), स्वरितृ (sváritṛ), स्वर्य (svaryà), स्वार (svārá), Prefixed Root Forms, अतिस्वर् (atisvar), अनुस्वर् (anusvar), अभिस्वर् (abhisvar), निःस्वर् (niḥsvar), संस्वर् (saṃsvar)

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "iir-pro>*súHar>sun",
        "id": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*súHar",
        "t": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sóh₂wl̥",
        "4": "",
        "5": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἥλιος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sōl"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sōl",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "خور",
        "tr": "xvar"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian خور (xvar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "English sun",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हेलि"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of हेलि (heli)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar), Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), Latin sōl, Persian خور (xvar), English sun. Doublet of हेलि (heli).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "svàr",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-noun-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वः",
      "roman": "svaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वः",
      "roman": "svaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वरा",
      "roman": "svarā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "सूरे",
      "roman": "sūré",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वः",
      "roman": "svàḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "सूरः",
      "roman": "sū́raḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वः",
      "roman": "svàḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वः",
      "roman": "svaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "सुवर्",
      "roman": "súvar",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n",
        "tr": "svàr"
      },
      "expansion": "स्वर् • (svàr) stem, n",
      "name": "sa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "abl_s": "svàḥ",
        "dat_s": "sūré",
        "gen_s": "sū́raḥ",
        "loc_s": "svàḥ",
        "n": "s"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 12 21 12 21 8 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 66 15 1 13 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "sa",
          "name": "Sun",
          "orig": "sa:Sun",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Agni shone bright when born, with light killing the Dasyus and the darkness:\nHe found the Kine, the Waters, the Sun.",
          "ref": "c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.14.4",
          "roman": "ávindadgā́ apáḥ svàḥ.",
          "text": "अ॒ग्निर्जा॒तो अ॑रोचत॒\nघ्नन्दस्यू॒ञ्ज्योति॑षा॒ तमः॑ ।\nअवि॑न्द॒द्गा अ॒पः स्वः॑ ॥\nagnírjātó arocata\nghnándásyūñjyótiṣā támaḥ."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the sun"
      ],
      "id": "en-स्वर्-sa-noun--Z-Zba9F",
      "links": [
        [
          "sun",
          "sun"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 12 21 12 21 8 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 2 65 9 11 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "sa",
          "name": "Light",
          "orig": "sa:Light",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sunshine, light"
      ],
      "id": "en-स्वर्-sa-noun-wPyUcCWF",
      "links": [
        [
          "sunshine",
          "sunshine"
        ],
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 12 21 12 21 8 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sky, heaven"
      ],
      "id": "en-स्वर्-sa-noun-TO7qBk0O",
      "links": [
        [
          "sky",
          "sky"
        ],
        [
          "heaven",
          "heaven"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 1 1 3 47 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 1 1 3 44 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 12 21 12 21 8 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "english": "stepping beyond heaven",
          "roman": "svaratikrama",
          "word": "स्वरतिक्रम"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "english": "reaching heaven",
          "roman": "svaradhīta",
          "word": "स्वरधीत"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "english": "river of heaven, the Ganges",
          "roman": "svarāpagā",
          "word": "स्वरापगा"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "english": "heaven",
          "roman": "svargá",
          "word": "स्वर्ग"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "english": "being in heaven; gone to heaven; dead",
          "roman": "svargata",
          "word": "स्वर्गत"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "english": "going to heaven; death",
          "roman": "svargamana",
          "word": "स्वर्गमन"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "english": "bright, shining, celestial",
          "roman": "svàrvat",
          "word": "स्वर्वत्"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "english": "physician of heaven; either of the two Aśvins",
          "roman": "svarvaidya",
          "word": "स्वर्वैद्य"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti"
        },
        {
          "text": "c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "space between the sun and the polar star, as the third of the व्याहृति (vyāhṛti, “names of the upper worlds used as mystical utterance”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-स्वर्-sa-noun-~ctY40cb",
      "links": [
        [
          "व्याहृति",
          "व्याहृति#Sanskrit"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "roman": "sū́rya",
          "word": "सूर्य"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "roman": "sū́ra",
          "word": "सूर"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "roman": "sū́rta",
          "word": "सूर्त"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/sú.ʋɐɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/s̪ʋɐɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "स्वर्"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "iir-pro>*súHar>sun",
        "id": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*súHar",
        "t": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sóh₂wl̥",
        "4": "",
        "5": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἥλιος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sōl"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sōl",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "خور",
        "tr": "xvar"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian خور (xvar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "English sun",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हेलि"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of हेलि (heli)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar), Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), Latin sōl, Persian خور (xvar), English sun. Doublet of हेलि (heli).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "svar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "सुवर्",
      "roman": "súvar",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "स्वर् • (svar) stem, m",
      "name": "sa-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 1 1 3 47 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 1 1 3 44 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 1 3 5 38 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 2 13 8 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 12 21 12 21 8 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 1 7 7 24 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 2 8 5 25 4 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "57 2 5 3 30 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "sa",
          "name": "Hindu deities",
          "orig": "sa:Hindu deities",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a name of Shiva"
      ],
      "id": "en-स्वर्-sa-name-KCgxG8O3",
      "links": [
        [
          "Shiva",
          "Shiva"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/sú.ʋɐɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/s̪ʋɐɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "स्वर्"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Primary Verbal Forms"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "Present",
      "roman": "svárati",
      "word": "स्वरति"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "Future",
      "roman": "svariṣyati",
      "word": "स्वरिष्यति"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "Periphrastic Future",
      "roman": "svartā",
      "word": "स्वर्ता"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "Periphrastic Future",
      "roman": "svaritā",
      "word": "स्वरिता"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Aorist",
      "word": "अस्वार्"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Aorist",
      "word": "अस्वारीत्"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "Perfect",
      "roman": "sasvāra",
      "word": "सस्वार"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Secondary Forms"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "svaráyati",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ],
      "word": "स्वरयति"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "Causative Aorist",
      "roman": "asisvarat",
      "word": "असिस्वरत्"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "of Causative"
      ],
      "roman": "svaryate",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ],
      "word": "स्वर्यते"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Desiderative",
      "word": "सिस्वरिषति"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "Intensive",
      "roman": "sāsvarti",
      "word": "सास्वर्ति"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Non-Finite Forms"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "Infinitive",
      "roman": "svaritos",
      "word": "स्वरितोस्"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Gerundive",
      "word": "स्वार्य"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Derived Nominal Forms"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "abhisvár",
      "word": "अभिस्वर्"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "abhisvartṛ́",
      "word": "अभिस्वर्तृ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "svara",
      "word": "स्वर"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sváraṇa",
      "word": "स्वरण"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sváritṛ",
      "word": "स्वरितृ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "svaryà",
      "word": "स्वर्य"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "svārá",
      "word": "स्वार"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Prefixed Root Forms"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "atisvar",
      "word": "अतिस्वर्"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "anusvar",
      "word": "अनुस्वर्"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "abhisvar",
      "word": "अभिस्वर्"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "niḥsvar",
      "word": "निःस्वर्"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "saṃsvar",
      "word": "संस्वर्"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swer-",
        "t": "to resound; whistle; shout loudly; swear"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to resound; whistle; shout loudly; swear”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*svãrъ",
        "t": "quarrel, strife, trouble"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *svãrъ (“quarrel, strife, trouble”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sermō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sermō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "swear"
      },
      "expansion": "English swear",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to resound; whistle; shout loudly; swear”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *svãrъ (“quarrel, strife, trouble”); Latin sermō; English swear, (an)swer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "svar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वृ",
      "roman": "svṛ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "root",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "स्वर् • (svar)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "स्वर् • (svar)",
      "name": "sa-root"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to sound, resound, utter a sound"
      ],
      "id": "en-स्वर्-sa-root-yx08NUrZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "resound",
          "resound"
        ],
        [
          "utter",
          "utter"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to sing praises of"
      ],
      "id": "en-स्वर्-sa-root-lCcbp7Ji",
      "links": [
        [
          "sing",
          "sing"
        ],
        [
          "praises",
          "praises"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/sʋɐɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/s̪ʋɐɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "स्वर्"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sanskrit doublets",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Sanskrit masculine nouns",
    "Sanskrit neuter nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit proper nouns",
    "Sanskrit proper nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit root-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit roots",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
    "sa:Hindu deities",
    "sa:Light",
    "sa:Sun"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "stepping beyond heaven",
      "roman": "svaratikrama",
      "word": "स्वरतिक्रम"
    },
    {
      "english": "reaching heaven",
      "roman": "svaradhīta",
      "word": "स्वरधीत"
    },
    {
      "english": "river of heaven, the Ganges",
      "roman": "svarāpagā",
      "word": "स्वरापगा"
    },
    {
      "english": "heaven",
      "roman": "svargá",
      "word": "स्वर्ग"
    },
    {
      "english": "being in heaven; gone to heaven; dead",
      "roman": "svargata",
      "word": "स्वर्गत"
    },
    {
      "english": "going to heaven; death",
      "roman": "svargamana",
      "word": "स्वर्गमन"
    },
    {
      "english": "bright, shining, celestial",
      "roman": "svàrvat",
      "word": "स्वर्वत्"
    },
    {
      "english": "physician of heaven; either of the two Aśvins",
      "roman": "svarvaidya",
      "word": "स्वर्वैद्य"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "iir-pro>*súHar>sun",
        "id": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*súHar",
        "t": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sóh₂wl̥",
        "4": "",
        "5": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἥλιος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sōl"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sōl",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "خور",
        "tr": "xvar"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian خور (xvar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "English sun",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हेलि"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of हेलि (heli)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar), Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), Latin sōl, Persian خور (xvar), English sun. Doublet of हेलि (heli).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "svàr",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-noun-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वः",
      "roman": "svaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वः",
      "roman": "svaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वरा",
      "roman": "svarā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "सूरे",
      "roman": "sūré",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वः",
      "roman": "svàḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "सूरः",
      "roman": "sū́raḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वः",
      "roman": "svàḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वः",
      "roman": "svaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "सुवर्",
      "roman": "súvar",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n",
        "tr": "svàr"
      },
      "expansion": "स्वर् • (svàr) stem, n",
      "name": "sa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "abl_s": "svàḥ",
        "dat_s": "sūré",
        "gen_s": "sū́raḥ",
        "loc_s": "svàḥ",
        "n": "s"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "sū́rya",
      "word": "सूर्य"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sū́ra",
      "word": "सूर"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sū́rta",
      "word": "सूर्त"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Sanskrit terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Agni shone bright when born, with light killing the Dasyus and the darkness:\nHe found the Kine, the Waters, the Sun.",
          "ref": "c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.14.4",
          "roman": "ávindadgā́ apáḥ svàḥ.",
          "text": "अ॒ग्निर्जा॒तो अ॑रोचत॒\nघ्नन्दस्यू॒ञ्ज्योति॑षा॒ तमः॑ ।\nअवि॑न्द॒द्गा अ॒पः स्वः॑ ॥\nagnírjātó arocata\nghnándásyūñjyótiṣā támaḥ."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the sun"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sun",
          "sun"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sunshine, light"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sunshine",
          "sunshine"
        ],
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sky, heaven"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sky",
          "sky"
        ],
        [
          "heaven",
          "heaven"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti"
        },
        {
          "text": "c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "space between the sun and the polar star, as the third of the व्याहृति (vyāhṛti, “names of the upper worlds used as mystical utterance”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "व्याहृति",
          "व्याहृति#Sanskrit"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/sú.ʋɐɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/s̪ʋɐɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "स्वर्"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sanskrit doublets",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Sanskrit masculine nouns",
    "Sanskrit neuter nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit proper nouns",
    "Sanskrit proper nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit root-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit roots",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
    "sa:Hindu deities",
    "sa:Light",
    "sa:Sun"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "iir-pro>*súHar>sun",
        "id": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*súHar",
        "t": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sóh₂wl̥",
        "4": "",
        "5": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἥλιος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sōl"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sōl",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "خور",
        "tr": "xvar"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian خور (xvar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sun"
      },
      "expansion": "English sun",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हेलि"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of हेलि (heli)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar), Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), Latin sōl, Persian خور (xvar), English sun. Doublet of हेलि (heli).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "svar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "सुवर्",
      "roman": "súvar",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "स्वर् • (svar) stem, m",
      "name": "sa-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a name of Shiva"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Shiva",
          "Shiva"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/sú.ʋɐɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/s̪ʋɐɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "स्वर्"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit roots",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
    "sa:Hindu deities",
    "sa:Light",
    "sa:Sun"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Primary Verbal Forms"
    },
    {
      "english": "Present",
      "roman": "svárati",
      "word": "स्वरति"
    },
    {
      "english": "Future",
      "roman": "svariṣyati",
      "word": "स्वरिष्यति"
    },
    {
      "english": "Periphrastic Future",
      "roman": "svartā",
      "word": "स्वर्ता"
    },
    {
      "english": "Periphrastic Future",
      "roman": "svaritā",
      "word": "स्वरिता"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Aorist",
      "word": "अस्वार्"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Aorist",
      "word": "अस्वारीत्"
    },
    {
      "english": "Perfect",
      "roman": "sasvāra",
      "word": "सस्वार"
    },
    {
      "word": "Secondary Forms"
    },
    {
      "roman": "svaráyati",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ],
      "word": "स्वरयति"
    },
    {
      "english": "Causative Aorist",
      "roman": "asisvarat",
      "word": "असिस्वरत्"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "of Causative"
      ],
      "roman": "svaryate",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ],
      "word": "स्वर्यते"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Desiderative",
      "word": "सिस्वरिषति"
    },
    {
      "english": "Intensive",
      "roman": "sāsvarti",
      "word": "सास्वर्ति"
    },
    {
      "word": "Non-Finite Forms"
    },
    {
      "english": "Infinitive",
      "roman": "svaritos",
      "word": "स्वरितोस्"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Gerundive",
      "word": "स्वार्य"
    },
    {
      "word": "Derived Nominal Forms"
    },
    {
      "roman": "abhisvár",
      "word": "अभिस्वर्"
    },
    {
      "roman": "abhisvartṛ́",
      "word": "अभिस्वर्तृ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "svara",
      "word": "स्वर"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sváraṇa",
      "word": "स्वरण"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sváritṛ",
      "word": "स्वरितृ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "svaryà",
      "word": "स्वर्य"
    },
    {
      "roman": "svārá",
      "word": "स्वार"
    },
    {
      "word": "Prefixed Root Forms"
    },
    {
      "roman": "atisvar",
      "word": "अतिस्वर्"
    },
    {
      "roman": "anusvar",
      "word": "अनुस्वर्"
    },
    {
      "roman": "abhisvar",
      "word": "अभिस्वर्"
    },
    {
      "roman": "niḥsvar",
      "word": "निःस्वर्"
    },
    {
      "roman": "saṃsvar",
      "word": "संस्वर्"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swer-",
        "t": "to resound; whistle; shout loudly; swear"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to resound; whistle; shout loudly; swear”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*svãrъ",
        "t": "quarrel, strife, trouble"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *svãrъ (“quarrel, strife, trouble”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sermō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sermō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "swear"
      },
      "expansion": "English swear",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to resound; whistle; shout loudly; swear”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *svãrъ (“quarrel, strife, trouble”); Latin sermō; English swear, (an)swer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "svar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "स्वृ",
      "roman": "svṛ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "root",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "स्वर् • (svar)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "स्वर् • (svar)",
      "name": "sa-root"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to sound, resound, utter a sound"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "resound",
          "resound"
        ],
        [
          "utter",
          "utter"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to sing praises of"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sing",
          "sing"
        ],
        [
          "praises",
          "praises"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/sʋɐɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/s̪ʋɐɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "स्वर्"
}

Download raw JSONL data for स्वर् meaning in Sanskrit (12.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Sanskrit dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.