"-ель" meaning in Russian

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*-ělь",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ělь",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*-ělь"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ělь",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "-ль"
      },
      "expansion": "-ль (-lʹ)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ělь. Compare -ль (-lʹ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-elʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ель",
      "roman": "-elʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ели",
      "roman": "-eli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ели",
      "roman": "-eli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-елей",
      "roman": "-elej",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ели",
      "roman": "-eli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-елям",
      "roman": "-eljam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ель",
      "roman": "-elʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ели",
      "roman": "-eli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-елью",
      "roman": "-elʹju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-елями",
      "roman": "-eljami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ели",
      "roman": "-eli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-елях",
      "roman": "-eljax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "-ель • (-elʹ) f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ги́бнуть (gíbnutʹ, “to die”) + -ель (-elʹ) → ги́бель (gíbelʹ, “death”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "мести́ (mestí, “to sweep, swirl”) + -ель (-elʹ) → мете́ль (metélʹ, “blizzard”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "качну́ть (kačnútʹ, “to swing”) + -ель (-elʹ) → каче́ль (kačélʹ, “swing”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "пища́ть (piščátʹ, “to squeak”) + -аль (-alʹ) → пища́ль (piščálʹ, “shepherd's pipe”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Unproductive suffix forming action nouns"
      ],
      "id": "en--ель-ru-suffix-KBXW96UB",
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "-lʹ",
          "word": "-ль"
        },
        {
          "roman": "-lyj",
          "word": "-лый"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "-alʹ",
          "word": "-аль — after historically velar and palatal consonants"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ель"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*-ělь",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ělь",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*-ělь"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ělь",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "-ль"
      },
      "expansion": "-ль (-lʹ)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ělь. Compare -ль (-lʹ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-elʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ель",
      "roman": "-elʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ели",
      "roman": "-eli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ели",
      "roman": "-eli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-елей",
      "roman": "-elej",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ели",
      "roman": "-eli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-елям",
      "roman": "-eljam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ель",
      "roman": "-elʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ели",
      "roman": "-eli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-елью",
      "roman": "-elʹju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-елями",
      "roman": "-eljami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ели",
      "roman": "-eli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-елях",
      "roman": "-eljax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "-ель • (-elʹ) f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "-lʹ",
      "word": "-ль"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-lyj",
      "word": "-лый"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian 3rd-declension feminine-form accent-a nouns",
        "Russian 3rd-declension feminine-form nouns",
        "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Russian feminine suffixes",
        "Russian lemmas",
        "Russian noun-forming suffixes",
        "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
        "Russian suffixes",
        "Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
        "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ги́бнуть (gíbnutʹ, “to die”) + -ель (-elʹ) → ги́бель (gíbelʹ, “death”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "мести́ (mestí, “to sweep, swirl”) + -ель (-elʹ) → мете́ль (metélʹ, “blizzard”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "качну́ть (kačnútʹ, “to swing”) + -ель (-elʹ) → каче́ль (kačélʹ, “swing”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "пища́ть (piščátʹ, “to squeak”) + -аль (-alʹ) → пища́ль (piščálʹ, “shepherd's pipe”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Unproductive suffix forming action nouns"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "-alʹ",
      "word": "-аль — after historically velar and palatal consonants"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ель"
}