"tovarăș" meaning in Romanian

See tovarăș in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [toˈva.rəʃ]
Etymology: Borrowed from Ukrainian товариш (tovaryš), from Proto-Slavic *tovariščь; compare Russian това́рищ (továrišč), Serbo-Croatian товариш, Polish towarzysz, Finnish toveri. Meaning of "fellow socialist" borrowed from Russian това́рищ (továrišč). Etymology templates: {{bor+|ro|uk|товариш}} Borrowed from Ukrainian товариш (tovaryš), {{der|ro|sla-pro|*tovariščь}} Proto-Slavic *tovariščь, {{cog|ru|това́рищ}} Russian това́рищ (továrišč), {{cog|sh|товариш}} Serbo-Croatian товариш, {{cog|pl|towarzysz}} Polish towarzysz, {{cog|fi|toveri}} Finnish toveri, {{der|ro|ru|това́рищ}} Russian това́рищ (továrišč) Head templates: {{ro-noun|m|tovarăși|f=tovarășă}} tovarăș m (plural tovarăși, feminine equivalent tovarășă) Inflection templates: {{ro-decl-noun|g=m|gpd=tovarășilor|gpi=tovarăși|gsd=tovarășului|gsi=tovarăș|n=|npd=tovarășii|npi=tovarăși|nsd=tovarășul|nsi=tovarăș|vp=tovarășilor|vs=tovarășule|vs2=}} Forms: tovarăși [plural], equivalent tovarășă [feminine], no-table-tags [table-tags], tovarăș [accusative, indefinite, nominative, singular], tovarășul [accusative, definite, nominative, singular], tovarăși [accusative, indefinite, nominative, plural], tovarășii [accusative, definite, nominative, plural], tovarăș [error-unrecognized-form, indefinite, singular], tovarășului [definite, error-unrecognized-form, singular], tovarăși [error-unrecognized-form, indefinite, plural], tovarășilor [definite, error-unrecognized-form, plural], tovarășule [singular, vocative], tovarășilor [plural, vocative]
  1. comrade Tags: masculine Synonyms: camarad Synonyms (abbreviation used during Romania's communist era): tov
    Sense id: en-tovarăș-ro-noun-PerI4qoh Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Romanian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 83 17 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 91 9 Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 94 6 Disambiguation of "abbreviation used during Romania's communist era": 100 0
  2. (colloquial) friend Tags: colloquial, masculine
    Sense id: en-tovarăș-ro-noun-zeSFN8os
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: tovărășel, tovărășesc, tovărășește, tovărășie, tovărășiță, întovărăși, tovarăș de arme, tovarăș de joacă, tovarăș de muncă, tovarăș de navă, tovarăș de petreceri, tovarăș de viață

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tovărășel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tovărășesc"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tovărășește"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tovărășie"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tovărășiță"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "întovărăși"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tovarăș de arme"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tovarăș de joacă"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tovarăș de muncă"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tovarăș de navă"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tovarăș de petreceri"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tovarăș de viață"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "uk",
        "3": "товариш"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Ukrainian товариш (tovaryš)",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*tovariščь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tovariščь",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "това́рищ"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian това́рищ (továrišč)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "товариш"
      },
      "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian товариш",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "towarzysz"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish towarzysz",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "toveri"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish toveri",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "това́рищ"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian това́рищ (továrišč)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ukrainian товариш (tovaryš), from Proto-Slavic *tovariščь; compare Russian това́рищ (továrišč), Serbo-Croatian товариш, Polish towarzysz, Finnish toveri. Meaning of \"fellow socialist\" borrowed from Russian това́рищ (továrišč).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tovarăși",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "equivalent tovarășă",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-noun-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarăș",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarășul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarăși",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarășii",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarăș",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarășului",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarăși",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarășilor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarășule",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarășilor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "tovarăși",
        "f": "tovarășă"
      },
      "expansion": "tovarăș m (plural tovarăși, feminine equivalent tovarășă)",
      "name": "ro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m",
        "gpd": "tovarășilor",
        "gpi": "tovarăși",
        "gsd": "tovarășului",
        "gsi": "tovarăș",
        "n": "",
        "npd": "tovarășii",
        "npi": "tovarăși",
        "nsd": "tovarășul",
        "nsi": "tovarăș",
        "vp": "tovarășilor",
        "vs": "tovarășule",
        "vs2": ""
      },
      "name": "ro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "83 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "91 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "94 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "comrade"
      ],
      "id": "en-tovarăș-ro-noun-PerI4qoh",
      "links": [
        [
          "comrade",
          "comrade"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "camarad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "sense": "abbreviation used during Romania's communist era",
          "word": "tov"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "friend"
      ],
      "id": "en-tovarăș-ro-noun-zeSFN8os",
      "links": [
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) friend"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[toˈva.rəʃ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tovarăș"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Romanian countable nouns",
    "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Romanian lemmas",
    "Romanian masculine nouns",
    "Romanian nouns",
    "Romanian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
    "Romanian terms borrowed from Ukrainian",
    "Romanian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Romanian terms derived from Russian",
    "Romanian terms derived from Ukrainian"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "tovărășel"
    },
    {
      "word": "tovărășesc"
    },
    {
      "word": "tovărășește"
    },
    {
      "word": "tovărășie"
    },
    {
      "word": "tovărășiță"
    },
    {
      "word": "întovărăși"
    },
    {
      "word": "tovarăș de arme"
    },
    {
      "word": "tovarăș de joacă"
    },
    {
      "word": "tovarăș de muncă"
    },
    {
      "word": "tovarăș de navă"
    },
    {
      "word": "tovarăș de petreceri"
    },
    {
      "word": "tovarăș de viață"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "uk",
        "3": "товариш"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Ukrainian товариш (tovaryš)",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*tovariščь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tovariščь",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "това́рищ"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian това́рищ (továrišč)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "товариш"
      },
      "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian товариш",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "towarzysz"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish towarzysz",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "toveri"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish toveri",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "това́рищ"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian това́рищ (továrišč)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ukrainian товариш (tovaryš), from Proto-Slavic *tovariščь; compare Russian това́рищ (továrišč), Serbo-Croatian товариш, Polish towarzysz, Finnish toveri. Meaning of \"fellow socialist\" borrowed from Russian това́рищ (továrišč).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tovarăși",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "equivalent tovarășă",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-noun-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarăș",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarășul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarăși",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarășii",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarăș",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarășului",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarăși",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarășilor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarășule",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tovarășilor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "tovarăși",
        "f": "tovarășă"
      },
      "expansion": "tovarăș m (plural tovarăși, feminine equivalent tovarășă)",
      "name": "ro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m",
        "gpd": "tovarășilor",
        "gpi": "tovarăși",
        "gsd": "tovarășului",
        "gsi": "tovarăș",
        "n": "",
        "npd": "tovarășii",
        "npi": "tovarăși",
        "nsd": "tovarășul",
        "nsi": "tovarăș",
        "vp": "tovarășilor",
        "vs": "tovarășule",
        "vs2": ""
      },
      "name": "ro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "comrade"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "comrade",
          "comrade"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "camarad"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian colloquialisms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "friend"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) friend"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[toˈva.rəʃ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "abbreviation used during Romania's communist era",
      "word": "tov"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tovarăș"
}

Download raw JSONL data for tovarăș meaning in Romanian (4.1kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive-dative'",
  "path": [
    "tovarăș"
  ],
  "section": "Romanian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "tovarăș",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Romanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.