See background in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*bʰeg-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰeg-#Proto-Indo-European:_bend"
],
[
"*baką",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/baką"
],
[
"*bak",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bak"
],
[
"bæc",
"bæc#Old_English:_bak"
],
[
"bak",
"bak#Middle_English:_hind"
],
[
"back",
"back#English:_rear"
],
[
"*gʰrem-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰrem-#Proto-Indo-European:_rumble"
],
[
"*-tus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tus"
],
[
"*grunduz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grunduz"
],
[
"*grundu",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grundu#Proto-West_Germanic:_ground"
],
[
"grund",
"grund#Old_English:_ground"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#Middle_English:_surface"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#English"
],
[
"background",
"background#English"
],
[
"background",
"background#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":ubor",
"3": "en:background",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeg-der.?\nProto-Germanic *baką\nProto-West Germanic *bak\nOld English bæc\nMiddle English bak\nEnglish back\nProto-Indo-European *gʰrem-\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Germanic *grunduz\nProto-West Germanic *grundu\nOld English grund\nMiddle English ground\nEnglish ground\nEnglish backgroundubor.\nRomanian background\n[Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"rear\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hind\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bak\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bend\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰeg-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*baką\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bak\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"bæc\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"bak\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"back\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"surface\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"ground\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"ground\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"rumble\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʰrem-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*grunduz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*grundu\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"grund\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"ground\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ground\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"background\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"ubor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"background\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"background\">\nUnadapted borrowing from English background.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":ubor",
"3": "en:background",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeg-der.?\nProto-Germanic *baką\nProto-West Germanic *bak\nOld English bæc\nMiddle English bak\nEnglish back\nProto-Indo-European *gʰrem-\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Germanic *grunduz\nProto-West Germanic *grundu\nOld English grund\nMiddle English ground\nEnglish ground\nEnglish backgroundubor.\nRomanian background\nUnadapted borrowing from English background.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeg-der.?\nProto-Germanic *baką\nProto-West Germanic *bak\nOld English bæc\nMiddle English bak\nEnglish back\nProto-Indo-European *gʰrem-\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Germanic *grunduz\nProto-West Germanic *grundu\nOld English grund\nMiddle English ground\nEnglish ground\nEnglish backgroundubor.\nRomanian background\nUnadapted borrowing from English background.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "backgrounduri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "background",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "backgroundul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "backgrounduri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "backgroundurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "background",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "backgroundului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "backgrounduri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "backgroundurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "backgroundule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "backgroundurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "backgrounduri"
},
"expansion": "background n (plural backgrounduri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gpd": "backgroundurilor",
"gpi": "backgrounduri",
"gsd": "backgroundului",
"gsi": "background",
"n": "",
"npd": "backgroundurile",
"npi": "backgrounduri",
"nsd": "backgroundul",
"nsi": "background",
"vp": "backgroundurilor",
"vs": "backgroundule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"background"
],
"id": "en-background-ro-noun-ibkd8Z2d",
"links": [
[
"background",
"background#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fundal"
},
{
"word": "fond"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "background"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*bʰeg-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰeg-#Proto-Indo-European:_bend"
],
[
"*baką",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/baką"
],
[
"*bak",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bak"
],
[
"bæc",
"bæc#Old_English:_bak"
],
[
"bak",
"bak#Middle_English:_hind"
],
[
"back",
"back#English:_rear"
],
[
"*gʰrem-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰrem-#Proto-Indo-European:_rumble"
],
[
"*-tus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tus"
],
[
"*grunduz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grunduz"
],
[
"*grundu",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grundu#Proto-West_Germanic:_ground"
],
[
"grund",
"grund#Old_English:_ground"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#Middle_English:_surface"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#English"
],
[
"background",
"background#English"
],
[
"background",
"background#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":ubor",
"3": "en:background",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeg-der.?\nProto-Germanic *baką\nProto-West Germanic *bak\nOld English bæc\nMiddle English bak\nEnglish back\nProto-Indo-European *gʰrem-\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Germanic *grunduz\nProto-West Germanic *grundu\nOld English grund\nMiddle English ground\nEnglish ground\nEnglish backgroundubor.\nRomanian background\n[Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"rear\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hind\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bak\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bend\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰeg-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*baką\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bak\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"bæc\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"bak\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"back\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"surface\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"ground\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"ground\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"rumble\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʰrem-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*grunduz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*grundu\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"grund\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"ground\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ground\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"background\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"ubor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"background\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"background\">\nUnadapted borrowing from English background.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":ubor",
"3": "en:background",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeg-der.?\nProto-Germanic *baką\nProto-West Germanic *bak\nOld English bæc\nMiddle English bak\nEnglish back\nProto-Indo-European *gʰrem-\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Germanic *grunduz\nProto-West Germanic *grundu\nOld English grund\nMiddle English ground\nEnglish ground\nEnglish backgroundubor.\nRomanian background\nUnadapted borrowing from English background.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeg-der.?\nProto-Germanic *baką\nProto-West Germanic *bak\nOld English bæc\nMiddle English bak\nEnglish back\nProto-Indo-European *gʰrem-\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Germanic *grunduz\nProto-West Germanic *grundu\nOld English grund\nMiddle English ground\nEnglish ground\nEnglish backgroundubor.\nRomanian background\nUnadapted borrowing from English background.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "backgrounduri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "background",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "backgroundul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "backgrounduri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "backgroundurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "background",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "backgroundului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "backgrounduri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "backgroundurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "backgroundule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "backgroundurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "backgrounduri"
},
"expansion": "background n (plural backgrounduri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gpd": "backgroundurilor",
"gpi": "backgrounduri",
"gsd": "backgroundului",
"gsi": "background",
"n": "",
"npd": "backgroundurile",
"npi": "backgrounduri",
"nsd": "backgroundul",
"nsi": "background",
"vp": "backgroundurilor",
"vs": "backgroundule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"Romanian entries with etymon",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Romanian terms borrowed from English",
"Romanian terms derived from English",
"Romanian terms derived from Middle English",
"Romanian terms derived from Old English",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Romanian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeg- (bend)",
"Romanian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰrem-",
"Romanian terms spelled with K",
"Romanian unadapted borrowings from English"
],
"glosses": [
"background"
],
"links": [
[
"background",
"background#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fundal"
},
{
"word": "fond"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "background"
}
Download raw JSONL data for background meaning in Romanian (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Romanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (f9fe161 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.