See شام in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "bor",
"3": "fa-cls>شَام>dinner",
"id": "evening",
"text": "+",
"tree": "++"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷséps\nProto-Indo-Iranian *kšápā\nProto-Iranian *xšápā\nProto-Iranian *-yah\nProto-Iranian *xšáfnyah\nClassical Persian شَام (šām)bor.\nPunjabi شام (śām)Borrowed from Classical Persian شَام (šām).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷséps\nProto-Indo-Iranian *kšápā\nProto-Iranian *xšápā\nProto-Iranian *-yah\nProto-Iranian *xšáfnyah\nClassical Persian شَام (šām)bor.\nPunjabi شام (śām)Borrowed from Classical Persian شَام (šām).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "śām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ਸ਼ਾਮ",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pnb-noun-f-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "شام",
"roman": "śām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "شاماں",
"roman": "śāmāṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "شام",
"roman": "śām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "شاماں",
"roman": "śāmāṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "شامے",
"roman": "śāme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "شامو",
"roman": "śāmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "شاموں",
"roman": "śāmoṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "شاماں",
"roman": "śāmāṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "شامی",
"roman": "śāmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "شامِیں",
"roman": "śāmīṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "شامِیں",
"roman": "śāmīṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "شامے",
"roman": "śāme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"gur": "ਸ਼ਾਮ",
"head": "شام"
},
"expansion": "شام • (śām) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ਾਮ)",
"name": "pa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "شام",
"10": "شامِیں",
"11": "شامِیں",
"12": "شامے",
"13": "شامِیں",
"2": "شاماں",
"3": "شام",
"4": "شاماں",
"5": "شامے",
"6": "شامو",
"7": "شاموں",
"8": "شاماں",
"9": "شامی"
},
"name": "pa-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Punjabi",
"lang_code": "pa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:pnb-noun-f-c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Punjabi entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology texts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Punjabi entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Punjabi nouns with declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pa",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "pa:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"evening, night"
],
"id": "en-شام-pa-noun-qWLKbI3Q",
"links": [
[
"evening",
"evening"
],
[
"night",
"night"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃäːm/",
"note": "Standard Punjabi"
}
],
"word": "شام"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ش م ل"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "شام",
"t": "Greater Syria; Levant",
"tr": "šām"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian شام (šām, “Greater Syria; Levant”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ar",
"3": "الشَّام",
"4": "",
"5": "Levant; Damascus"
},
"expansion": "Arabic الشَّام (aš-šām, “Levant; Damascus”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian شام (šām, “Greater Syria; Levant”), from Arabic الشَّام (aš-šām, “Levant; Damascus”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "śām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "شام"
},
"expansion": "شام • (śām) m",
"name": "pa-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Punjabi",
"lang_code": "pa",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pa",
"name": "Countries",
"orig": "pa:Countries",
"parents": [
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pa",
"name": "Countries in Asia",
"orig": "pa:Countries in Asia",
"parents": [
"Countries",
"Places",
"Asia",
"Polities",
"Names",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pa",
"name": "Syria",
"orig": "pa:Syria",
"parents": [
"Asia",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)"
],
"id": "en-شام-pa-name-anALnJhD",
"links": [
[
"Syria",
"Syria#English:_Q858"
],
[
"West Asia",
"West Asia#English"
],
[
"Middle East",
"Middle East#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pa",
"name": "Regions of Asia",
"orig": "pa:Regions of Asia",
"parents": [
"Regions",
"Places",
"Asia",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Polities",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 0 1 0 7 0 0 1 3 4 0 0 0 0 14 4 0 1 1 1 13 1 13 1 13 1 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 88 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Punjabi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 64 31",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pa",
"name": "Times of day",
"orig": "pa:Times of day",
"parents": [
"Periodic occurrences",
"Timekeeping",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Greater Syria, the Levant (a region of Western Asia, in the Middle East)"
],
"id": "en-شام-pa-name-GcIiKnW2",
"links": [
[
"Greater Syria",
"Greater Syria#English"
],
[
"Levant",
"Levant#English"
],
[
"Western Asia",
"Western Asia#English"
],
[
"Middle East",
"Middle East#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) Greater Syria, the Levant (a region of Western Asia, in the Middle East)"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃäːm/",
"note": "Standard Punjabi"
}
],
"word": "شام"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:pnb-noun-f-c",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Punjabi entries with etymology texts",
"Punjabi entries with etymology trees",
"Punjabi entries with incorrect language header",
"Punjabi feminine nouns",
"Punjabi lemmas",
"Punjabi masculine nouns",
"Punjabi nouns",
"Punjabi nouns in Shahmukhi script",
"Punjabi nouns with declension",
"Punjabi proper nouns",
"Punjabi proper nouns in Shahmukhi script",
"Punjabi terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Punjabi terms derived from Arabic",
"Punjabi terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Punjabi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Punjabi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Punjabi terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Punjabi terms derived from the Arabic root ش م ل",
"Punjabi terms with redundant head parameter",
"pa:Time",
"pa:Times of day"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "bor",
"3": "fa-cls>شَام>dinner",
"id": "evening",
"text": "+",
"tree": "++"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷséps\nProto-Indo-Iranian *kšápā\nProto-Iranian *xšápā\nProto-Iranian *-yah\nProto-Iranian *xšáfnyah\nClassical Persian شَام (šām)bor.\nPunjabi شام (śām)Borrowed from Classical Persian شَام (šām).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷséps\nProto-Indo-Iranian *kšápā\nProto-Iranian *xšápā\nProto-Iranian *-yah\nProto-Iranian *xšáfnyah\nClassical Persian شَام (šām)bor.\nPunjabi شام (śām)Borrowed from Classical Persian شَام (šām).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "śām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ਸ਼ਾਮ",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pnb-noun-f-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "شام",
"roman": "śām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "شاماں",
"roman": "śāmāṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "شام",
"roman": "śām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "شاماں",
"roman": "śāmāṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "شامے",
"roman": "śāme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "شامو",
"roman": "śāmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "شاموں",
"roman": "śāmoṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "شاماں",
"roman": "śāmāṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "شامی",
"roman": "śāmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "شامِیں",
"roman": "śāmīṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "شامِیں",
"roman": "śāmīṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "شامے",
"roman": "śāme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"gur": "ਸ਼ਾਮ",
"head": "شام"
},
"expansion": "شام • (śām) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ਾਮ)",
"name": "pa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "شام",
"10": "شامِیں",
"11": "شامِیں",
"12": "شامے",
"13": "شامِیں",
"2": "شاماں",
"3": "شام",
"4": "شاماں",
"5": "شامے",
"6": "شامو",
"7": "شاموں",
"8": "شاماں",
"9": "شامی"
},
"name": "pa-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Punjabi",
"lang_code": "pa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"evening, night"
],
"links": [
[
"evening",
"evening"
],
[
"night",
"night"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃäːm/",
"note": "Standard Punjabi"
}
],
"word": "شام"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Punjabi entries with incorrect language header",
"Punjabi lemmas",
"Punjabi masculine nouns",
"Punjabi proper nouns",
"Punjabi proper nouns in Shahmukhi script",
"Punjabi terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Punjabi terms derived from Arabic",
"Punjabi terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Punjabi terms derived from the Arabic root ش م ل",
"Punjabi terms with redundant head parameter",
"pa:Time",
"pa:Times of day"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ش م ل"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "شام",
"t": "Greater Syria; Levant",
"tr": "šām"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian شام (šām, “Greater Syria; Levant”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ar",
"3": "الشَّام",
"4": "",
"5": "Levant; Damascus"
},
"expansion": "Arabic الشَّام (aš-šām, “Levant; Damascus”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian شام (šām, “Greater Syria; Levant”), from Arabic الشَّام (aš-šām, “Levant; Damascus”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "śām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "شام"
},
"expansion": "شام • (śām) m",
"name": "pa-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Punjabi",
"lang_code": "pa",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pa:Countries",
"pa:Countries in Asia",
"pa:Syria"
],
"glosses": [
"Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)"
],
"links": [
[
"Syria",
"Syria#English:_Q858"
],
[
"West Asia",
"West Asia#English"
],
[
"Middle East",
"Middle East#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pa:Regions of Asia"
],
"glosses": [
"Greater Syria, the Levant (a region of Western Asia, in the Middle East)"
],
"links": [
[
"Greater Syria",
"Greater Syria#English"
],
[
"Levant",
"Levant#English"
],
[
"Western Asia",
"Western Asia#English"
],
[
"Middle East",
"Middle East#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) Greater Syria, the Levant (a region of Western Asia, in the Middle East)"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃäːm/",
"note": "Standard Punjabi"
}
],
"word": "شام"
}
Download raw JSONL data for شام meaning in Punjabi (5.9kB)
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"شام",
"Template:pnb-noun-f-c",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:checkparams:warn()",
"extensionTag()"
],
"section": "Punjabi",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "شام",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"شام",
"Template:pnb-noun-f-c",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:checkparams:warn()",
"frame:preprocess()",
"#tag",
"#tag"
],
"section": "Punjabi",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "شام",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"شام",
"Template:pnb-noun-f-c",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:checkparams:warn()",
"extensionTag()"
],
"section": "Punjabi",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "شام",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"شام",
"Template:pnb-noun-f-c",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:checkparams:warn()",
"frame:preprocess()",
"#tag",
"#tag"
],
"section": "Punjabi",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "شام",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Punjabi dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.