See spēgl in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "spēgal"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: spēgal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: spēgal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "spigel",
"3": "spegel",
"4": "spiegel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: spigel, spegel, spiegel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: spigel, spegel, spiegel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "spiegel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: spiegel\nAfrikaans: spieël\n→ Xhosa: isipili\nLimburgish: spegel\nNegerhollands: spiegel\nSranan Tongo: spikri, spigri\nAukan: sipikii\nNdyuka-Trio Pidgin: spikri\nSaramaccan: sipéi, sipé\n→ Kari'na: supukili\n→ Papiamentu: spiel\n→ Warao: mu-sebihi",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: spiegel\nAfrikaans: spieël\n→ Xhosa: isipili\nLimburgish: spegel\nNegerhollands: spiegel\nSranan Tongo: spikri, spigri\nAukan: sipikii\nNdyuka-Trio Pidgin: spikri\nSaramaccan: sipéi, sipé\n→ Kari'na: supukili\n→ Papiamentu: spiel\n→ Warao: mu-sebihi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "spēgel"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: spēgel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: spēgel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "spiegal"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: spiegal\nMiddle High German: spiegel\nBavarian: Spiagl\nGerman: Spiegel\n→ Esperanto: spegulo\n→ Kashubian: szpédżel\n→ Romansch: spievel, spieghel, spejel\n→ Russian: с̌пи́гел (špígel)\nHunsrik: Spieghel\nLuxembourgish: spiegel\nYiddish: שפּיגל (shpigl)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: spiegal\nMiddle High German: spiegel\nBavarian: Spiagl\nGerman: Spiegel\n→ Esperanto: spegulo\n→ Kashubian: szpédżel\n→ Romansch: spievel, spieghel, spejel\n→ Russian: с̌пи́гел (špígel)\nHunsrik: Spieghel\nLuxembourgish: spiegel\nYiddish: שפּיגל (shpigl)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "spēgal",
"3": "spiagal"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: spēgal, spiagal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: spēgal, spiagal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "spēgel",
"3": "speyl",
"4": "spīgel",
"5": "speigel",
"6": "speiel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: spēgel, speyl, spīgel, speigel, speiel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: spēgel, speyl, spīgel, speigel, speiel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Spegel"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Spegel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Spegel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdt",
"2": "Spieejel"
},
"expansion": "Plautdietsch: Spieejel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Plautdietsch: Spieejel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "speghæl",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Danish: speghæl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Danish: speghæl"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "spejl"
},
"expansion": "Danish: spejl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: spejl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "spegel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: spegel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: spegel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "spegill",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Norse: spegill\nFaroese: spegil\nIcelandic: spegill\nDanish: spejl n\nNorwegian Bokmål: speil n\nNorwegian Nynorsk: spegel\n→ Northern Sami: speadjal\n→ Southern Sami: speejjele\nSwedish: spegel c\n→ Estonian: peegel\n→ Finnish: peili\n→ Ingrian: speili (from an early form)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Norse: spegill\nFaroese: spegil\nIcelandic: spegill\nDanish: spejl n\nNorwegian Bokmål: speil n\nNorwegian Nynorsk: spegel\n→ Northern Sami: speadjal\n→ Southern Sami: speejjele\nSwedish: spegel c\n→ Estonian: peegel\n→ Finnish: peili\n→ Ingrian: speili (from an early form)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "la"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*speglum"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *speglum",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "speclum"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin speclum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Vulgar Latin *speglum, variant of Late Latin speclum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "spēgl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spēgl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*spēgl m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/spēgl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mirror"
],
"id": "en-spēgl-gmw-pro-noun-ABVHYWN8",
"links": [
[
"mirror",
"mirror"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "spēgl"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "spēgal"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: spēgal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: spēgal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "spigel",
"3": "spegel",
"4": "spiegel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: spigel, spegel, spiegel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: spigel, spegel, spiegel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "spiegel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: spiegel\nAfrikaans: spieël\n→ Xhosa: isipili\nLimburgish: spegel\nNegerhollands: spiegel\nSranan Tongo: spikri, spigri\nAukan: sipikii\nNdyuka-Trio Pidgin: spikri\nSaramaccan: sipéi, sipé\n→ Kari'na: supukili\n→ Papiamentu: spiel\n→ Warao: mu-sebihi",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: spiegel\nAfrikaans: spieël\n→ Xhosa: isipili\nLimburgish: spegel\nNegerhollands: spiegel\nSranan Tongo: spikri, spigri\nAukan: sipikii\nNdyuka-Trio Pidgin: spikri\nSaramaccan: sipéi, sipé\n→ Kari'na: supukili\n→ Papiamentu: spiel\n→ Warao: mu-sebihi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "spēgel"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: spēgel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: spēgel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "spiegal"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: spiegal\nMiddle High German: spiegel\nBavarian: Spiagl\nGerman: Spiegel\n→ Esperanto: spegulo\n→ Kashubian: szpédżel\n→ Romansch: spievel, spieghel, spejel\n→ Russian: с̌пи́гел (špígel)\nHunsrik: Spieghel\nLuxembourgish: spiegel\nYiddish: שפּיגל (shpigl)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: spiegal\nMiddle High German: spiegel\nBavarian: Spiagl\nGerman: Spiegel\n→ Esperanto: spegulo\n→ Kashubian: szpédżel\n→ Romansch: spievel, spieghel, spejel\n→ Russian: с̌пи́гел (špígel)\nHunsrik: Spieghel\nLuxembourgish: spiegel\nYiddish: שפּיגל (shpigl)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "spēgal",
"3": "spiagal"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: spēgal, spiagal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: spēgal, spiagal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "spēgel",
"3": "speyl",
"4": "spīgel",
"5": "speigel",
"6": "speiel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: spēgel, speyl, spīgel, speigel, speiel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: spēgel, speyl, spīgel, speigel, speiel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Spegel"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Spegel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Spegel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdt",
"2": "Spieejel"
},
"expansion": "Plautdietsch: Spieejel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Plautdietsch: Spieejel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "speghæl",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Danish: speghæl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Danish: speghæl"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "spejl"
},
"expansion": "Danish: spejl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: spejl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "spegel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: spegel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: spegel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "spegill",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Norse: spegill\nFaroese: spegil\nIcelandic: spegill\nDanish: spejl n\nNorwegian Bokmål: speil n\nNorwegian Nynorsk: spegel\n→ Northern Sami: speadjal\n→ Southern Sami: speejjele\nSwedish: spegel c\n→ Estonian: peegel\n→ Finnish: peili\n→ Ingrian: speili (from an early form)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Norse: spegill\nFaroese: spegil\nIcelandic: spegill\nDanish: spejl n\nNorwegian Bokmål: speil n\nNorwegian Nynorsk: spegel\n→ Northern Sami: speadjal\n→ Southern Sami: speejjele\nSwedish: spegel c\n→ Estonian: peegel\n→ Finnish: peili\n→ Ingrian: speili (from an early form)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "la"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*speglum"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *speglum",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "speclum"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin speclum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Vulgar Latin *speglum, variant of Late Latin speclum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "spēgl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spēgl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēglum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*spēgl m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/spēgl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms borrowed from Vulgar Latin",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Late Latin",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Latin",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speḱ-"
],
"glosses": [
"mirror"
],
"links": [
[
"mirror",
"mirror"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "spēgl"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spēgl meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (c3cc510 and 1d3fdbf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.