See smokōn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "smocian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: smocian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: smocian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "smoken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: smoken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: smoken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "English: smoke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: smoke"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "Scots: smoke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: smoke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*smokia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *smokia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *smokia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "smookje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: smookje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: smookje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: smoke",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly borrowed from Dutch"
},
"expansion": "(possibly borrowed from Dutch)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: smoke (possibly borrowed from Dutch)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*smukōn",
"3": "*smokōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *smukōn, *smokōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *smukōn, *smokōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "smōken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: smōken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(Middle Low German: smōken, smoken ?)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "smöken"
},
"expansion": "Low German: smöken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(Low German: smöken, smoken)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*smukōn",
"3": "*smokōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *smukōn, *smokōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *smukōn, *smokōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "smōken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: smōken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: smōken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "smoken"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: smoken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: smoken"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*smukkōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *smukkōną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *smukkōną ~ *smukōną (“to smoke”), the iterative to *smeukaną (“to smoke”); see there for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "smokō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*smokōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/smokōn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to smoke (emit smoke, smoulder, fume)"
],
"id": "en-smokōn-gmw-pro-verb-Ao1Cxqpy",
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "smaukijan"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "smokōn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "smocian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: smocian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: smocian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "smoken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: smoken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: smoken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "English: smoke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: smoke"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "Scots: smoke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: smoke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*smokia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *smokia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *smokia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "smookje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: smookje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: smookje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: smoke",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly borrowed from Dutch"
},
"expansion": "(possibly borrowed from Dutch)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: smoke (possibly borrowed from Dutch)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*smukōn",
"3": "*smokōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *smukōn, *smokōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *smukōn, *smokōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "smōken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: smōken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(Middle Low German: smōken, smoken ?)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "smöken"
},
"expansion": "Low German: smöken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(Low German: smöken, smoken)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*smukōn",
"3": "*smokōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *smukōn, *smokōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *smukōn, *smokōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "smōken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: smōken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: smōken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "smoken"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: smoken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: smoken"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*smukkōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *smukkōną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *smukkōną ~ *smukōną (“to smoke”), the iterative to *smeukaną (“to smoke”); see there for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "smokō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "smokō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "smokōd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*smokōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/smokōn",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "smaukijan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs",
"gmw-pro:Fire"
],
"glosses": [
"to smoke (emit smoke, smoulder, fume)"
],
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "smokōn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for smokōn meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (89ebc88 and e74c913). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.