"skirmijan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See skirmijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From *skirmi (“fur, hide; covering, shelter”) + *-jan. Etymology templates: {{af|gmw-pro|*skirmi|*-jan|id2=denominative|t1=fur, hide; covering, shelter}} *skirmi (“fur, hide; covering, shelter”) + *-jan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *skirmijan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], skirmijan [class-1, infinitive, weak], skirmijannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], skirmijannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], skirmijannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], skirmiju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], skirmidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], skirmisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], skirmidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], skirmidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], skirmiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], skirmidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], skirmidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], skirmijum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], skirmidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], skirmiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], skirmidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], skirmijanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], skirmidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], skirmijē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], skirmidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], skirmijēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], skirmidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], skirmijē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], skirmidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], skirmijēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], skirmidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], skirmijēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], skirmidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], skirmijēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], skirmidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], skirmi [class-1, present, singular, weak], skirmiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], skirmijandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], skirmid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to protect, defend Tags: reconstruction Derived forms: beskirmijan
    Sense id: en-skirmijan-gmw-pro-verb-UwJg8VGu Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)

Download JSON data for skirmijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.8kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "skirma"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: skirma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: skirma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "biskirma",
            "3": "beskermia",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old Frisian: biskirma, beskermia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old Frisian: biskirma, beskermia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "beskermje"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: beskermje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: beskermje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*skermian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *skermian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *skermian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "schermen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: schermen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: schermen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*skirmen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *skirmen\nMiddle Dutch: schermen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *skirmen\nMiddle Dutch: schermen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "skirmen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: skirmen, bescirmen\nMiddle High German: schirmen\nGerman: schirmen\n→ Esperanto: ŝirmi\n→⇒ Czech: šermovat",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: skirmen, bescirmen\nMiddle High German: schirmen\nGerman: schirmen\n→ Esperanto: ŝirmi\n→⇒ Czech: šermovat"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "VL.",
            "2": "*scermiō",
            "alts": "1",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vulgar Latin: *scermiō, *scirmīō",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Vulgar Latin: *scermiō, *scirmīō (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*skirmi",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "fur, hide; covering, shelter"
      },
      "expansion": "*skirmi (“fur, hide; covering, shelter”) + *-jan",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *skirmi (“fur, hide; covering, shelter”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijannjas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijannjē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijannju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmiju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmisi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidōs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmiþi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmiþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidud",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijanþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijēm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidīm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijēþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidīd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijēn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidīn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmiþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijandī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*skirmijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skirmijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "beskirmijan"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to protect, defend"
      ],
      "id": "en-skirmijan-gmw-pro-verb-UwJg8VGu",
      "links": [
        [
          "protect",
          "protect"
        ],
        [
          "defend",
          "defend"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "skirmijan"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "beskirmijan"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "skirma"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: skirma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: skirma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "biskirma",
            "3": "beskermia",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old Frisian: biskirma, beskermia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old Frisian: biskirma, beskermia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "beskermje"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: beskermje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: beskermje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*skermian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *skermian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *skermian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "schermen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: schermen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: schermen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*skirmen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *skirmen\nMiddle Dutch: schermen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *skirmen\nMiddle Dutch: schermen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "skirmen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: skirmen, bescirmen\nMiddle High German: schirmen\nGerman: schirmen\n→ Esperanto: ŝirmi\n→⇒ Czech: šermovat",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: skirmen, bescirmen\nMiddle High German: schirmen\nGerman: schirmen\n→ Esperanto: ŝirmi\n→⇒ Czech: šermovat"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "VL.",
            "2": "*scermiō",
            "alts": "1",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vulgar Latin: *scermiō, *scirmīō",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Vulgar Latin: *scermiō, *scirmīō (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*skirmi",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "fur, hide; covering, shelter"
      },
      "expansion": "*skirmi (“fur, hide; covering, shelter”) + *-jan",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *skirmi (“fur, hide; covering, shelter”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijannjas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijannjē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijannju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmiju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmisi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidōs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmiþi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmiþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidud",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijanþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijēm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidīm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijēþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidīd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijēn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmidīn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmiþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmijandī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skirmid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*skirmijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skirmijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
        "Proto-West Germanic verbs",
        "gmw-pro:Security"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to protect, defend"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "protect",
          "protect"
        ],
        [
          "defend",
          "defend"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "skirmijan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.