See sap in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sæp"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sæp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sæp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: sap"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "English: sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sap"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sap",
"3": "sop"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sap, sop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sap, sop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*sep",
"3": "*sap"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *sep, *sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *sep, *sap"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Sap"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Sap"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "sappe",
"3": "sop"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: sappe, sop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: sappe, sop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: sap"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: sap"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Sapp"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Sapp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Sapp"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Sap"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Sap"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*sap"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *sap"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: sap"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: sap"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "saf"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: saf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: saf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "saf",
"3": "saft"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: saf, saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: saf, saft"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Såft"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: Såft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: Såft"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Saft"
},
"expansion": "German: Saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Saft"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "saft",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: saft"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "saft",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: saft"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "saft",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: saft"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Saaft"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Saaft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Saaft"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "זאַפֿט"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: זאַפֿט (zaft)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: זאַפֿט (zaft)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "saft",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Low German: saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Low German: saft"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Saft"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Saft"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sap-",
"t": "to taste, perceive; juice"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sap- (“to taste, perceive; juice”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "safi",
"t": "sap, juice"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse safi (“sap, juice”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "համ",
"3": "",
"4": "taste"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian համ (ham, “taste”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sapa",
"3": "",
"4": "must, new wine"
},
"expansion": "Latin sapa (“must, new wine”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "со́пли",
"3": "",
"4": "snivel"
},
"expansion": "Russian со́пли (sópli, “snivel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "sybwydd",
"3": "syb-wydd",
"4": "fir"
},
"expansion": "Welsh syb-wydd (“fir”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬌𐬱𐬁𐬞𐬀",
"3": "𐬬𐬌-𐬱𐬁𐬞𐬀",
"t": "having poisonous juices"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬬𐬌-𐬱𐬁𐬞𐬀 (vi-šāpa, “having poisonous juices”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सबर्",
"3": "",
"4": "juice, nectar"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सबर् (sabar, “juice, nectar”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *sap- (“to taste, perceive; juice”); see also Old Norse safi (“sap, juice”), Old Armenian համ (ham, “taste”), Latin sapa (“must, new wine”), Russian со́пли (sópli, “snivel”), Welsh syb-wydd (“fir”), Avestan 𐬬𐬌-𐬱𐬁𐬞𐬀 (vi-šāpa, “having poisonous juices”), Sanskrit सबर् (sabar, “juice, nectar”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sap",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sapu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sap",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sapu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sapas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sapō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sapē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sapum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sapu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sapum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*sap n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sap",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"juice"
],
"id": "en-sap-gmw-pro-noun-pa2JVlYH",
"links": [
[
"juice",
"juice"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sap"
],
"id": "en-sap-gmw-pro-noun-epyUqMIB",
"links": [
[
"sap",
"sap"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "sap"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sæp"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sæp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sæp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: sap"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "English: sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sap"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sap",
"3": "sop"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sap, sop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sap, sop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*sep",
"3": "*sap"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *sep, *sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *sep, *sap"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Sap"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Sap"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "sappe",
"3": "sop"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: sappe, sop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: sappe, sop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: sap"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: sap"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Sapp"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Sapp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Sapp"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Sap"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Sap"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*sap"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *sap"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: sap"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: sap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: sap"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "saf"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: saf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: saf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "saf",
"3": "saft"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: saf, saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: saf, saft"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Såft"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: Såft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: Såft"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Saft"
},
"expansion": "German: Saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Saft"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "saft",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: saft"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "saft",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: saft"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "saft",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: saft"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Saaft"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Saaft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Saaft"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "זאַפֿט"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: זאַפֿט (zaft)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: זאַפֿט (zaft)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "saft",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Low German: saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Low German: saft"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Saft"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Saft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Saft"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sap-",
"t": "to taste, perceive; juice"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sap- (“to taste, perceive; juice”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "safi",
"t": "sap, juice"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse safi (“sap, juice”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "համ",
"3": "",
"4": "taste"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian համ (ham, “taste”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sapa",
"3": "",
"4": "must, new wine"
},
"expansion": "Latin sapa (“must, new wine”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "со́пли",
"3": "",
"4": "snivel"
},
"expansion": "Russian со́пли (sópli, “snivel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "sybwydd",
"3": "syb-wydd",
"4": "fir"
},
"expansion": "Welsh syb-wydd (“fir”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬌𐬱𐬁𐬞𐬀",
"3": "𐬬𐬌-𐬱𐬁𐬞𐬀",
"t": "having poisonous juices"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬬𐬌-𐬱𐬁𐬞𐬀 (vi-šāpa, “having poisonous juices”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सबर्",
"3": "",
"4": "juice, nectar"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सबर् (sabar, “juice, nectar”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *sap- (“to taste, perceive; juice”); see also Old Norse safi (“sap, juice”), Old Armenian համ (ham, “taste”), Latin sapa (“must, new wine”), Russian со́пли (sópli, “snivel”), Welsh syb-wydd (“fir”), Avestan 𐬬𐬌-𐬱𐬁𐬞𐬀 (vi-šāpa, “having poisonous juices”), Sanskrit सबर् (sabar, “juice, nectar”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sap",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sapu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sap",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sapu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sapas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sapō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sapē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sapum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sapu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sapum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*sap n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sap",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Liquids"
],
"glosses": [
"juice"
],
"links": [
[
"juice",
"juice"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Gums and resins"
],
"glosses": [
"sap"
],
"links": [
[
"sap",
"sap"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "sap"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sap meaning in Proto-West Germanic (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.