See sūgan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sūgan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sūgan\nMiddle English: sugen (partially)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sūgan\nMiddle English: sugen (partially)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*sūga"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *sūga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *sūga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "suge"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: suge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: suge"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "sûge"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: sûge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: sûge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "sūgan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: sūgan\nMiddle Low German: sugen, sȫgen\nLow German: sugen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: sūgan\nMiddle Low German: sugen, sȫgen\nLow German: sugen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "sūgan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: sūgan\nMiddle Dutch: sugen\nDutch: zuigen\nAfrikaans: suig\nNegerhollands: sug\n→ Sranan Tongo: soygi\nLimburgish: zuge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: sūgan\nMiddle Dutch: sugen\nDutch: zuigen\nAfrikaans: suig\nNegerhollands: sug\n→ Sranan Tongo: soygi\nLimburgish: zuge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sūgan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: sūgan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: sūgan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "sūgen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: sūgen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: sūgen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "suuge"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: suuge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: suuge"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "saugen"
},
"expansion": "German: saugen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: saugen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "saugen"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: saugen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: saugen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "זויגן"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: זויגן (zoygn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: זויגן (zoygn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sūganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sūganą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sūganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saug",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sugī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "saug",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sugum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sugud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sugun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sugī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sugī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sugīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sugīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sugīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sūg",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sogan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*sūgan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sūgan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to suck"
],
"id": "en-sūgan-gmw-pro-verb-2Bw5qSPa",
"links": [
[
"suck",
"suck"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "sūkan"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sūgan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sūgan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sūgan\nMiddle English: sugen (partially)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sūgan\nMiddle English: sugen (partially)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*sūga"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *sūga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *sūga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "suge"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: suge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: suge"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "sûge"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: sûge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: sûge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "sūgan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: sūgan\nMiddle Low German: sugen, sȫgen\nLow German: sugen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: sūgan\nMiddle Low German: sugen, sȫgen\nLow German: sugen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "sūgan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: sūgan\nMiddle Dutch: sugen\nDutch: zuigen\nAfrikaans: suig\nNegerhollands: sug\n→ Sranan Tongo: soygi\nLimburgish: zuge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: sūgan\nMiddle Dutch: sugen\nDutch: zuigen\nAfrikaans: suig\nNegerhollands: sug\n→ Sranan Tongo: soygi\nLimburgish: zuge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sūgan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: sūgan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: sūgan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "sūgen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: sūgen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: sūgen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "suuge"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: suuge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: suuge"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "saugen"
},
"expansion": "German: saugen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: saugen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "saugen"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: saugen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: saugen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "זויגן"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: זויגן (zoygn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: זויגן (zoygn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sūganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sūganą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sūganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saug",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sugī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "saug",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sugum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sugud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sugun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sugī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sugī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sugīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sugīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sugīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sūg",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sūgandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sogan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*sūgan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sūgan",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "sūkan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 2 strong verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to suck"
],
"links": [
[
"suck",
"suck"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sūgan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sūgan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.