See sīkan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sīcan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sīcan, sȳcan\nMiddle English: siken, syken, sichen, sychen\nEnglish: sike (archaic, except northern England)\n⇒ Middle English: sighen, syghen, siʒhen\nEnglish: sigh\n⇒ Middle English: sythen, sithen, sethen\nEnglish: sithe (archaic, obsolete)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sīcan, sȳcan\nMiddle English: siken, syken, sichen, sychen\nEnglish: sike (archaic, except northern England)\n⇒ Middle English: sighen, syghen, siʒhen\nEnglish: sigh\n⇒ Middle English: sythen, sithen, sethen\nEnglish: sithe (archaic, obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*sīcan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *sīcan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *sīcan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "*sîken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: *sîken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: *sîken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zijken"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: zijken",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: zijken (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "versîken",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Dutch: versîken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Dutch: versîken"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "sykje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: sykje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: sykje"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*seykʷ-",
"t": "to pour out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seykʷ- (“to pour out”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*sewp-",
"t": "to pour out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sewp- (“to pour out”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seykʷ- (“to pour out”); compare semantics of *sūftōn (“to sigh, lament”), from Proto-Indo-European *sewp- (“to pour out”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "sīku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sikī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "saik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sikum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sikud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sikun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sikī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sikī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sikīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sikīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sikīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sikan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*sīkan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sīkan",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "saikijan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "saiwi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sihtrā"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sīgan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sīhwan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sigh, take a deep breath"
],
"id": "en-sīkan-gmw-pro-verb-f61AANT0",
"links": [
[
"sigh",
"sigh"
],
[
"take a deep breath",
"take a deep breath"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to groan, complain, lament"
],
"id": "en-sīkan-gmw-pro-verb-X-LGNseS",
"links": [
[
"groan",
"groan"
],
[
"complain",
"complain"
],
[
"lament",
"lament"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sīkan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 1 strong verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sīcan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sīcan, sȳcan\nMiddle English: siken, syken, sichen, sychen\nEnglish: sike (archaic, except northern England)\n⇒ Middle English: sighen, syghen, siʒhen\nEnglish: sigh\n⇒ Middle English: sythen, sithen, sethen\nEnglish: sithe (archaic, obsolete)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sīcan, sȳcan\nMiddle English: siken, syken, sichen, sychen\nEnglish: sike (archaic, except northern England)\n⇒ Middle English: sighen, syghen, siʒhen\nEnglish: sigh\n⇒ Middle English: sythen, sithen, sethen\nEnglish: sithe (archaic, obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*sīcan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *sīcan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *sīcan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "*sîken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: *sîken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: *sîken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zijken"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: zijken",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: zijken (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "versîken",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Dutch: versîken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Dutch: versîken"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "sykje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: sykje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: sykje"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*seykʷ-",
"t": "to pour out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seykʷ- (“to pour out”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*sewp-",
"t": "to pour out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sewp- (“to pour out”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seykʷ- (“to pour out”); compare semantics of *sūftōn (“to sigh, lament”), from Proto-Indo-European *sewp- (“to pour out”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "sīku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sikī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "saik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sikum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sikud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sikun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sikī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sikī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sikīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sikīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sikīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sīkandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sikan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*sīkan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sīkan",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "saikijan"
},
{
"word": "saiwi"
},
{
"word": "sihtrā"
},
{
"word": "sīgan"
},
{
"word": "sīhwan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Nonverbal communication",
"gmw-pro:Sadness"
],
"glosses": [
"to sigh, take a deep breath"
],
"links": [
[
"sigh",
"sigh"
],
[
"take a deep breath",
"take a deep breath"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Talking",
"gmw-pro:Vocalizations"
],
"glosses": [
"to groan, complain, lament"
],
"links": [
[
"groan",
"groan"
],
[
"complain",
"complain"
],
[
"lament",
"lament"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sīkan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sīkan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (1c4b89b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.