See niuwjōn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for niuwjōn meaning in Proto-West Germanic (10.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nīewian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: nīewian, nīwian, nēowian, nīwiġan\nMiddle English: newen\nEnglish: new\nScots: neu, new\n⇒ Middle English: anewen\n⇒ Middle English: renewen\nEnglish: renew\nScots: renew",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: nīewian, nīwian, nēowian, nīwiġan\nMiddle English: newen\nEnglish: new\nScots: neu, new\n⇒ Middle English: anewen\n⇒ Middle English: renewen\nEnglish: renew\nScots: renew"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "nīa"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: nīa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: nīa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "fornīa",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Frisian: fornīa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Frisian: fornīa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "fernäije"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: fernäije",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: fernäije"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fernije"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: fernije",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: fernije"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "urnīa",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Frisian: urnīa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Frisian: urnīa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*niuwōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *niuwōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *niuwōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "nü̂wen",
"3": "nîgen",
"4": "nîen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: nü̂wen, nîgen, nîen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: nü̂wen, nîgen, nîen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "vörnîen",
"3": "vornîen",
"4": "vorniegen",
"5": "vornigen",
"6": "vorniggen",
"7": "vernîen",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Low German: vörnîen, vornîen, vorniegen, vornigen, vorniggen, vernîen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Low German: vörnîen, vornîen, vorniegen, vornigen, vorniggen, vernîen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "vernejen",
"3": "vernien",
"4": "verneen"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: vernejen, vernien, verneen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: vernejen, vernien, verneen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "vörnîeren",
"3": "vörnü̂weren",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Low German: vörnîeren, vörnü̂weren",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Low German: vörnîeren, vörnü̂weren"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*niuwon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *niuwon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *niuwon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "niewen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: niewen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: niewen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "nieuwen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: nieuwen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: nieuwen (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verniewen",
"3": "verniën",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Dutch: verniewen, verniën",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Dutch: verniewen, verniën"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vernieuwen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: vernieuwen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: vernieuwen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "niuwōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: niuwōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: niuwōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "niuwen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: niuwen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: niuwen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "neuen",
"qq": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "German: neuen (archaic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: neuen (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "verniuwen",
"3": "verniun",
"4": "vernūen",
"5": "vernūwen",
"6": "vernuowen",
"7": "ferniuwen",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: verniuwen, verniun, vernūen, vernūwen, vernuowen, ferniuwen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: verniuwen, verniun, vernūen, vernūwen, vernuowen, ferniuwen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verneuen",
"qq": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "German: verneuen (archaic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: verneuen (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "verniuweren",
"3": "verniuwern",
"4": "ferniuwern",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: verniuweren, verniuwern, ferniuwern",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: verniuweren, verniuwern, ferniuwern"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verneuern",
"qq": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "German: verneuern (archaic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: verneuern (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "irniuwōn",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old High German: irniuwōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old High German: irniuwōn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "erniuwen",
"3": "irniuwen",
"4": "erniuen",
"5": "irniuen",
"6": "ernūwen",
"7": "irnūwen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: erniuwen, irniuwen, erniuen, irniuen, ernūwen, irnūwen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: erniuwen, irniuwen, erniuen, irniuen, ernūwen, irnūwen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "erneuen",
"qq": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "German: erneuen (archaic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: erneuen (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "erniuweren",
"3": "erniuwern",
"4": "irniuwern",
"5": "ernūwern",
"6": "irwūwern",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: erniuweren, erniuwern, irniuwern, ernūwern, irwūwern",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: erniuweren, erniuwern, irniuwern, ernūwern, irwūwern"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "erneuern"
},
"expansion": "German: erneuern",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: erneuern"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*niwjōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *niwjōną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*niwi",
"3": "*-ōn",
"id2": "factitive",
"t1": "new"
},
"expansion": "*niwi (“new”) + *-ōn",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *niwjōną. Equivalent to *niwi (“new”) + *-ōn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*niuwjōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/niuwjōn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōn (factitive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to renew, to make new"
],
"id": "en-niuwjōn-gmw-pro-verb-az4zcDap",
"links": [
[
"renew",
"renew"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"new",
"new"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "niuwjan"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "niuwjōn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nīewian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: nīewian, nīwian, nēowian, nīwiġan\nMiddle English: newen\nEnglish: new\nScots: neu, new\n⇒ Middle English: anewen\n⇒ Middle English: renewen\nEnglish: renew\nScots: renew",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: nīewian, nīwian, nēowian, nīwiġan\nMiddle English: newen\nEnglish: new\nScots: neu, new\n⇒ Middle English: anewen\n⇒ Middle English: renewen\nEnglish: renew\nScots: renew"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "nīa"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: nīa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: nīa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "fornīa",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Frisian: fornīa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Frisian: fornīa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "fernäije"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: fernäije",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: fernäije"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fernije"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: fernije",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: fernije"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "urnīa",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Frisian: urnīa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Frisian: urnīa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*niuwōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *niuwōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *niuwōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "nü̂wen",
"3": "nîgen",
"4": "nîen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: nü̂wen, nîgen, nîen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: nü̂wen, nîgen, nîen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "vörnîen",
"3": "vornîen",
"4": "vorniegen",
"5": "vornigen",
"6": "vorniggen",
"7": "vernîen",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Low German: vörnîen, vornîen, vorniegen, vornigen, vorniggen, vernîen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Low German: vörnîen, vornîen, vorniegen, vornigen, vorniggen, vernîen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "vernejen",
"3": "vernien",
"4": "verneen"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: vernejen, vernien, verneen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: vernejen, vernien, verneen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "vörnîeren",
"3": "vörnü̂weren",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Low German: vörnîeren, vörnü̂weren",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Low German: vörnîeren, vörnü̂weren"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*niuwon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *niuwon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *niuwon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "niewen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: niewen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: niewen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "nieuwen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: nieuwen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: nieuwen (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verniewen",
"3": "verniën",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Dutch: verniewen, verniën",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Dutch: verniewen, verniën"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vernieuwen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: vernieuwen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: vernieuwen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "niuwōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: niuwōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: niuwōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "niuwen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: niuwen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: niuwen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "neuen",
"qq": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "German: neuen (archaic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: neuen (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "verniuwen",
"3": "verniun",
"4": "vernūen",
"5": "vernūwen",
"6": "vernuowen",
"7": "ferniuwen",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: verniuwen, verniun, vernūen, vernūwen, vernuowen, ferniuwen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: verniuwen, verniun, vernūen, vernūwen, vernuowen, ferniuwen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verneuen",
"qq": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "German: verneuen (archaic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: verneuen (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "verniuweren",
"3": "verniuwern",
"4": "ferniuwern",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: verniuweren, verniuwern, ferniuwern",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: verniuweren, verniuwern, ferniuwern"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verneuern",
"qq": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "German: verneuern (archaic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: verneuern (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "irniuwōn",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old High German: irniuwōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old High German: irniuwōn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "erniuwen",
"3": "irniuwen",
"4": "erniuen",
"5": "irniuen",
"6": "ernūwen",
"7": "irnūwen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: erniuwen, irniuwen, erniuen, irniuen, ernūwen, irnūwen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: erniuwen, irniuwen, erniuen, irniuen, ernūwen, irnūwen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "erneuen",
"qq": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "German: erneuen (archaic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: erneuen (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "erniuweren",
"3": "erniuwern",
"4": "irniuwern",
"5": "ernūwern",
"6": "irwūwern",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: erniuweren, erniuwern, irniuwern, ernūwern, irwūwern",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: erniuweren, erniuwern, irniuwern, ernūwern, irwūwern"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "erneuern"
},
"expansion": "German: erneuern",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: erneuern"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*niwjōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *niwjōną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*niwi",
"3": "*-ōn",
"id2": "factitive",
"t1": "new"
},
"expansion": "*niwi (“new”) + *-ōn",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *niwjōną. Equivalent to *niwi (“new”) + *-ōn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "niuwjōd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*niuwjōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/niuwjōn",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "niuwjan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōn (factitive)",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to renew, to make new"
],
"links": [
[
"renew",
"renew"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"new",
"new"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "niuwjōn"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.