See kwellan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kwellan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (7.7kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "quellan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: quellan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: quellan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "quellen",
"3": "quillen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: quellen, quillen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: quellen, quillen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kvälla",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: kvälla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: kvälla"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*quellan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *quellan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *quellan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "quellen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: quellen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: quellen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "quellen",
"id": "well"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: quellen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: quellen (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kwellan",
"3": "quellan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kwellan, quellan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kwellan, quellan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "quëllen",
"3": "quallen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: quëllen, quallen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: quëllen, quallen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "quellen"
},
"expansion": "German: quellen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: quellen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ubarkwellan",
"3": "ubarquellan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old High German: ubarkwellan, ubarquellan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old High German: ubarkwellan, ubarquellan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷelH-",
"id": "drip"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kwellaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwellaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*gʷel-nā́-ti ~ *gʷul-un-ánti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gʷel-nā́-ti ~ *gʷul-un-ánti",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷelH-",
"id": "drip",
"t": "to drip"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to drip”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "गलति",
"t": "to drip"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गलति (galati, “to drip”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"t": "to flow (calmly), to be calm",
"ts": "ku(wa)liya-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [Term?] (/ku(wa)liya-/, “to flow (calmly), to be calm”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Presumably from Proto-Germanic *kwellaną, possibly a secondary strong verb of unattested full-grade iterative verb *kwellōną, from pre-Proto-Germanic *gʷel-nā́-ti ~ *gʷul-un-ánti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to drip”). Cognate with Sanskrit गलति (galati, “to drip”), Hittite [Term?] (/ku(wa)liya-/, “to flow (calmly), to be calm”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwall",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwilliʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kullī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwillidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwall",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kullum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwillid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kullud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwelland",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kullun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kullī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kullī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kullīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kullīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kullīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwill",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwillid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kollan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*kwellan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kwellan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Old Saxon: *kwellborno; Middle Low German",
"word": "quelborn"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: quëlbrunne",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Quellbrunnen"
},
{
"word": "kwellungu"
},
{
"word": "uppakwellan"
},
{
"sense": "Old Dutch: *ūtquelan",
"tags": [
"Dutch",
"Middle"
],
"word": "ūtquēlen"
},
{
"sense": "*ūtkwellan; Old High German",
"word": "ūzkwellan"
},
{
"sense": "*ūtkwellan; Old High German",
"word": "ūzquellan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to well up, swell up"
],
"id": "en-kwellan-gmw-pro-verb-mTwnNenO",
"links": [
[
"well up",
"well up"
],
[
"swell up",
"swell up"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "proud, bold",
"sense": "⇒ *kollōnferhþu",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "collenferhþ"
},
{
"sense": "⇒ *kollōnkrōgu",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "colloncrōg"
},
{
"english": "waterlily",
"sense": "⇒ *kollōnkrōgu",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "collencrōg"
},
{
"sense": "Old Saxon; Middle Low German",
"word": "qual"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: qual",
"tags": [
"German",
"archaic"
],
"word": "Quall"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: qual",
"word": "⇒ Middle High German: ūzqual"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: qual",
"word": "⇒ Middle High German: wazzerqual"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: qual",
"word": "wazzerquel"
},
{
"word": "kwalljā"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kwellan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Old Saxon: *kwellborno; Middle Low German",
"word": "quelborn"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: quëlbrunne",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Quellbrunnen"
},
{
"word": "kwellungu"
},
{
"word": "uppakwellan"
},
{
"sense": "Old Dutch: *ūtquelan",
"tags": [
"Dutch",
"Middle"
],
"word": "ūtquēlen"
},
{
"sense": "*ūtkwellan; Old High German",
"word": "ūzkwellan"
},
{
"sense": "*ūtkwellan; Old High German",
"word": "ūzquellan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "quellan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: quellan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: quellan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "quellen",
"3": "quillen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: quellen, quillen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: quellen, quillen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kvälla",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: kvälla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: kvälla"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*quellan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *quellan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *quellan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "quellen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: quellen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: quellen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "quellen",
"id": "well"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: quellen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: quellen (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kwellan",
"3": "quellan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kwellan, quellan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kwellan, quellan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "quëllen",
"3": "quallen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: quëllen, quallen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: quëllen, quallen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "quellen"
},
"expansion": "German: quellen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: quellen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ubarkwellan",
"3": "ubarquellan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old High German: ubarkwellan, ubarquellan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old High German: ubarkwellan, ubarquellan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷelH-",
"id": "drip"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kwellaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwellaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*gʷel-nā́-ti ~ *gʷul-un-ánti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gʷel-nā́-ti ~ *gʷul-un-ánti",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷelH-",
"id": "drip",
"t": "to drip"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to drip”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "गलति",
"t": "to drip"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गलति (galati, “to drip”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"t": "to flow (calmly), to be calm",
"ts": "ku(wa)liya-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [Term?] (/ku(wa)liya-/, “to flow (calmly), to be calm”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Presumably from Proto-Germanic *kwellaną, possibly a secondary strong verb of unattested full-grade iterative verb *kwellōną, from pre-Proto-Germanic *gʷel-nā́-ti ~ *gʷul-un-ánti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to drip”). Cognate with Sanskrit गलति (galati, “to drip”), Hittite [Term?] (/ku(wa)liya-/, “to flow (calmly), to be calm”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwall",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwilliʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kullī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwillidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwall",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kullum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwillid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kullud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwelland",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kullun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kullī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kullī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kullīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kullīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kullīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwill",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwillid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kwellandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kollan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*kwellan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kwellan",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "proud, bold",
"sense": "⇒ *kollōnferhþu",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "collenferhþ"
},
{
"sense": "⇒ *kollōnkrōgu",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "colloncrōg"
},
{
"english": "waterlily",
"sense": "⇒ *kollōnkrōgu",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "collencrōg"
},
{
"sense": "Old Saxon; Middle Low German",
"word": "qual"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: qual",
"tags": [
"German",
"archaic"
],
"word": "Quall"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: qual",
"word": "⇒ Middle High German: ūzqual"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: qual",
"word": "⇒ Middle High German: wazzerqual"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: qual",
"word": "wazzerquel"
},
{
"word": "kwalljā"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hittite term requests",
"Proto-West Germanic class 3 strong verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷelH- (drip)",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to well up, swell up"
],
"links": [
[
"well up",
"well up"
],
[
"swell up",
"swell up"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kwellan"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.