See kastell in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "castel"
},
"expansion": "Old English: castel, castell, cæstel, ċeastel\nMiddle English: castel, castelle, castle, chastel (reinforced by Old French)\nEnglish: castle\n→ Tongan: kāsolo\nScots: castle\n→ Scottish Gaelic: caisteal",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: castel, castell, cæstel, ċeastel\nMiddle English: castel, castelle, castle, chastel (reinforced by Old French)\nEnglish: castle\n→ Tongan: kāsolo\nScots: castle\n→ Scottish Gaelic: caisteal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "kastel"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: kastel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: kastel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kastêl",
"3": "castêl",
"4": "casteyl",
"5": "kastel",
"6": "kastell",
"7": "kastelle"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: kastêl, castêl, casteyl, kastel, kastell, kastelle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: kastêl, castêl, casteyl, kastel, kastell, kastelle"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Kasteel",
"3": "Kastell"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Kasteel, Kastell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Kasteel, Kastell"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kastel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: kastel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: kastel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "kastelo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: kastelo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: kastelo"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "kastelo"
},
"expansion": "Ido: kastelo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ido: kastelo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kastali",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Icelandic: kastali",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Icelandic: kastali"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kastell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: kastell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: kastell"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kastel"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kastel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kastel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "casteel",
"qq": "reinforced by Old French"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: casteel (reinforced by Old French)\nDutch: kasteel\nAfrikaans: kasteel\nNegerhollands: kastell\n→ Mahican: găstēnik\n→ Malay: kastil\nIndonesian: kastel, kastil\n→ Papiamentu: kastel\n→ West Frisian: kastiel\nLimburgish: kestieël\nWest Flemish: kastêel, kastjil\n→ Middle High German: kastēl\nGerman: Kastell (partially)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: casteel (reinforced by Old French)\nDutch: kasteel\nAfrikaans: kasteel\nNegerhollands: kastell\n→ Mahican: găstēnik\n→ Malay: kastil\nIndonesian: kastel, kastil\n→ Papiamentu: kastel\n→ West Frisian: kastiel\nLimburgish: kestieël\nWest Flemish: kastêel, kastjil\n→ Middle High German: kastēl\nGerman: Kastell (partially)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kastel"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kastel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kastel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kastel",
"3": "kastēl"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: kastel, kastēl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: kastel, kastēl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "khastel"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: khastel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: khastel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kastell"
},
"expansion": "German: Kastell",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Kastell (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "kostel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Czech: kostel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Czech: kostel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kostel"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kostel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kostel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kościół",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: kościół",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: kościół (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "kostol",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Slovak: kostol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Slovak: kostol"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mreǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "la",
"3": "castellum"
},
"expansion": "Latin castellum",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin castellum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kastell",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastell",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*kastell m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kastell",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"castle, fort, stronghold"
],
"id": "en-kastell-gmw-pro-noun-phekBhSC",
"links": [
[
"castle",
"castle"
],
[
"fort",
"fort"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kastell"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "castel"
},
"expansion": "Old English: castel, castell, cæstel, ċeastel\nMiddle English: castel, castelle, castle, chastel (reinforced by Old French)\nEnglish: castle\n→ Tongan: kāsolo\nScots: castle\n→ Scottish Gaelic: caisteal",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: castel, castell, cæstel, ċeastel\nMiddle English: castel, castelle, castle, chastel (reinforced by Old French)\nEnglish: castle\n→ Tongan: kāsolo\nScots: castle\n→ Scottish Gaelic: caisteal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "kastel"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: kastel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: kastel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kastêl",
"3": "castêl",
"4": "casteyl",
"5": "kastel",
"6": "kastell",
"7": "kastelle"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: kastêl, castêl, casteyl, kastel, kastell, kastelle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: kastêl, castêl, casteyl, kastel, kastell, kastelle"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Kasteel",
"3": "Kastell"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Kasteel, Kastell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Kasteel, Kastell"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kastel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: kastel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: kastel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "kastelo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: kastelo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: kastelo"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "kastelo"
},
"expansion": "Ido: kastelo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ido: kastelo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kastali",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Icelandic: kastali",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Icelandic: kastali"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kastell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: kastell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: kastell"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kastel"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kastel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kastel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "casteel",
"qq": "reinforced by Old French"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: casteel (reinforced by Old French)\nDutch: kasteel\nAfrikaans: kasteel\nNegerhollands: kastell\n→ Mahican: găstēnik\n→ Malay: kastil\nIndonesian: kastel, kastil\n→ Papiamentu: kastel\n→ West Frisian: kastiel\nLimburgish: kestieël\nWest Flemish: kastêel, kastjil\n→ Middle High German: kastēl\nGerman: Kastell (partially)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: casteel (reinforced by Old French)\nDutch: kasteel\nAfrikaans: kasteel\nNegerhollands: kastell\n→ Mahican: găstēnik\n→ Malay: kastil\nIndonesian: kastel, kastil\n→ Papiamentu: kastel\n→ West Frisian: kastiel\nLimburgish: kestieël\nWest Flemish: kastêel, kastjil\n→ Middle High German: kastēl\nGerman: Kastell (partially)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kastel"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kastel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kastel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kastel",
"3": "kastēl"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: kastel, kastēl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: kastel, kastēl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "khastel"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: khastel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: khastel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kastell"
},
"expansion": "German: Kastell",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Kastell (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "kostel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Czech: kostel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Czech: kostel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kostel"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kostel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kostel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kościół",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: kościół",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: kościół (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "kostol",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Slovak: kostol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Slovak: kostol"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mreǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "la",
"3": "castellum"
},
"expansion": "Latin castellum",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin castellum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kastell",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastell",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastellum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*kastell m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kastell",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms borrowed from Latin",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Latin",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mreǵʰ-",
"gmw-pro:Buildings",
"gmw-pro:Security"
],
"glosses": [
"castle, fort, stronghold"
],
"links": [
[
"castle",
"castle"
],
[
"fort",
"fort"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kastell"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kastell meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.