See karmōn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*zermia",
"3": "*kermia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *zermia, *kermia",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *karmijōn"
},
"expansion": "(< *karmijōn)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *zermia, *kermia (< *karmijōn)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "tsjirmje",
"3": "tjirmje",
"4": "kirmje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: tsjirmje, tjirmje, kirmje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: tsjirmje, tjirmje, kirmje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*karmkia",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Frisian: *karmkia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Frisian: *karmkia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "kaamkje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: kaamkje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: kaamkje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*karmōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *karmōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *karmōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "karmen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: karmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: karmen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "karminge",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ karminge f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ karminge f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*karmon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *karmon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *karmon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "karmen",
"3": "kermen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: karmen, kermen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "likely conflated with the descendant of *karmijan, due to R-colouring"
},
"expansion": "(likely conflated with the descendant of *karmijan, due to R-colouring)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: karmen, kermen (likely conflated with the descendant of *karmijan, due to R-colouring)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kermen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kermen\nAfrikaans: kerm",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kermen\nAfrikaans: kerm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gecarm",
"3": "gecarem",
"4": "gekerm",
"der": "1",
"g3": "n"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Dutch: gecarm, gecarem, gekerm n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Dutch: gecarm, gecarem, gekerm n"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gekerm"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: gekerm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: gekerm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*karmōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *karmōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *karmōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "karmen",
"t": "to mourn, grieve, lament"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: karmen (“to mourn, grieve, lament”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: karmen (“to mourn, grieve, lament”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "karmen"
},
"expansion": "German: karmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: karmen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*karm(i)",
"3": "*-ōn",
"id2": "denominative",
"t1": "cry, moan"
},
"expansion": "*karm(i) (“cry, moan”) + *-ōn",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *karm(i) (“cry, moan”) + *-ōn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "karmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*karmōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/karmōn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōn (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cry, moan"
],
"id": "en-karmōn-gmw-pro-verb-WXPra0v9",
"links": [
[
"cry",
"cry"
],
[
"moan",
"moan"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "karmijan"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "karmōn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*zermia",
"3": "*kermia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *zermia, *kermia",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *karmijōn"
},
"expansion": "(< *karmijōn)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *zermia, *kermia (< *karmijōn)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "tsjirmje",
"3": "tjirmje",
"4": "kirmje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: tsjirmje, tjirmje, kirmje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: tsjirmje, tjirmje, kirmje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*karmkia",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Frisian: *karmkia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Frisian: *karmkia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "kaamkje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: kaamkje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: kaamkje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*karmōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *karmōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *karmōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "karmen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: karmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: karmen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "karminge",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ karminge f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ karminge f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*karmon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *karmon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *karmon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "karmen",
"3": "kermen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: karmen, kermen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "likely conflated with the descendant of *karmijan, due to R-colouring"
},
"expansion": "(likely conflated with the descendant of *karmijan, due to R-colouring)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: karmen, kermen (likely conflated with the descendant of *karmijan, due to R-colouring)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kermen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kermen\nAfrikaans: kerm",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kermen\nAfrikaans: kerm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gecarm",
"3": "gecarem",
"4": "gekerm",
"der": "1",
"g3": "n"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Dutch: gecarm, gecarem, gekerm n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Dutch: gecarm, gecarem, gekerm n"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gekerm"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: gekerm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: gekerm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*karmōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *karmōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *karmōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "karmen",
"t": "to mourn, grieve, lament"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: karmen (“to mourn, grieve, lament”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: karmen (“to mourn, grieve, lament”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "karmen"
},
"expansion": "German: karmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: karmen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*karm(i)",
"3": "*-ōn",
"id2": "denominative",
"t1": "cry, moan"
},
"expansion": "*karm(i) (“cry, moan”) + *-ōn",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *karm(i) (“cry, moan”) + *-ōn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "karmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "karmōd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*karmōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/karmōn",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "karmijan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōn (denominative)",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to cry, moan"
],
"links": [
[
"cry",
"cry"
],
[
"moan",
"moan"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "karmōn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for karmōn meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (c3cc510 and 1d3fdbf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.