"hwītijan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See hwītijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *hwītijaną. Equivalent to *hwīt (“white”) + *-jan Etymology templates: {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*hwītijaną}} Proto-Germanic *hwītijaną, {{suffix|gmw-pro|*hwīt|*-jan|id2=factitive|t1=white}} *hwīt (“white”) + *-jan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *hwītijan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], hwītijan [class-1, infinitive, weak], hwītijannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], hwītijannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], hwītijannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], hwītiju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], hwītidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], hwītisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], hwītidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], hwītidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], hwītiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], hwītidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], hwītidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], hwītijum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], hwītidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], hwītiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], hwītidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], hwītijanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], hwītidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], hwītijē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], hwītidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], hwītijēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], hwītidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], hwītijē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], hwītidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], hwītijēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], hwītidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], hwītijēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], hwītidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], hwītijēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], hwītidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], hwīti [class-1, present, singular, weak], hwītiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], hwītijandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], hwītid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to make white, whiten Tags: reconstruction Related terms: hwītēn
    Sense id: en-hwītijan-gmw-pro-verb-gb79F72d Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)

Download JSON data for hwītijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.7kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "hwītan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: hwītan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: hwītan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "whīten"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: whīten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: whīten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "white"
          },
          "expansion": "English: white",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: white"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*hwītian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *hwītian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *hwītian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "witten"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: witten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: witten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*wīten"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *wīten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *wīten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "witten"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: witten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: witten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "witten"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: witten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: witten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "wīzen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: wīzen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: wīzen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "wīzen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: wīzen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: wīzen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "weißen"
          },
          "expansion": "German: weißen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: weißen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hwītijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwītijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*hwīt",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "white"
      },
      "expansion": "*hwīt (“white”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hwītijaną. Equivalent to *hwīt (“white”) + *-jan",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwīti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*hwītijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hwītijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make white, whiten"
      ],
      "id": "en-hwītijan-gmw-pro-verb-gb79F72d",
      "links": [
        [
          "white",
          "white"
        ],
        [
          "whiten",
          "whiten"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "hwītēn"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "hwītijan"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "hwītan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: hwītan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: hwītan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "whīten"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: whīten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: whīten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "white"
          },
          "expansion": "English: white",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: white"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*hwītian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *hwītian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *hwītian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "witten"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: witten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: witten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*wīten"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *wīten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *wīten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "witten"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: witten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: witten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "witten"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: witten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: witten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "wīzen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: wīzen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: wīzen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "wīzen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: wīzen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: wīzen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "weißen"
          },
          "expansion": "German: weißen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: weißen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hwītijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwītijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*hwīt",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "white"
      },
      "expansion": "*hwīt (“white”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hwītijaną. Equivalent to *hwīt (“white”) + *-jan",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwīti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwītid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*hwītijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hwītijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "hwītēn"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
        "Proto-West Germanic verbs",
        "gmw-pro:Colors"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make white, whiten"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "white",
          "white"
        ],
        [
          "whiten",
          "whiten"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "hwītijan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.