See hring in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hring"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hring, hrincg, hrinċġ, ring, ᚱᛁᚾᚷ (rinġ) — Wheatley Hill Finger Ring\nMiddle English: ryng, rynge, ring\nEnglish: ring\nScots: ring\nYola: ring\n→ Medieval Latin: ringa, renga (Anglo-Latin)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hring, hrincg, hrinċġ, ring, ᚱᛁᚾᚷ (rinġ) — Wheatley Hill Finger Ring\nMiddle English: ryng, rynge, ring\nEnglish: ring\nScots: ring\nYola: ring\n→ Medieval Latin: ringa, renga (Anglo-Latin)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hring"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: hring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: hring"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "Ring",
"3": "Rink"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: Ring, Rink",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: Ring, Rink"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Ring"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Ring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Ring"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ring"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: ring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: ring"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hring"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: hring\nMiddle Low German: rinc, rink, ring\nGerman Low German: Ring\nLow German: rink\nPlautdietsch: Rinkj",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: hring\nMiddle Low German: rinc, rink, ring\nGerman Low German: Ring\nLow German: rink\nPlautdietsch: Rinkj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "rinc"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: rinc\nMiddle Dutch: rinc\nDutch: ring\nAfrikaans: ring\nNegerhollands: rink, riṅ\n→? Aukan: linga\n→ Indonesian: ring\n→ Papiamentu: renchi, ringtsje (from the diminutive)\nLimburgish: rink",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: rinc\nMiddle Dutch: rinc\nDutch: ring\nAfrikaans: ring\nNegerhollands: rink, riṅ\n→? Aukan: linga\n→ Indonesian: ring\n→ Papiamentu: renchi, ringtsje (from the diminutive)\nLimburgish: rink"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ring"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: ring, hring\nMiddle High German: rinc, ring\nGerman: Ring\nLuxembourgish: Rank\nYiddish: רינג (ring)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: ring, hring\nMiddle High German: rinc, ring\nGerman: Ring\nLuxembourgish: Rank\nYiddish: רינג (ring)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "reng",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: reng, renc, renk, renge, renke, rang, ranc",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: reng, renc, renk, renge, renke, rang, ranc (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "renge",
"3": "range",
"bor": "1",
"t2": "sword-belt"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: renge, range (“sword-belt”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: renge, range (“sword-belt”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "renge"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: renge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: renge"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "renge",
"3": "raunge",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: renge, raunge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: renge, raunge"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hringaz",
"4": "",
"5": "ring, circle",
"id": "circle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hring",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hring",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*hring m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hring",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hringijan"
},
{
"word": "hringōn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ring, circle"
],
"id": "en-hring-gmw-pro-noun-gmw_pro:circle",
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"circle",
"circle"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:circle"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hring"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hring"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hring"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "*ring"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: *ring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: *ring"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ring"
},
"expansion": "English: ring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ring"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hringaz",
"4": "",
"5": "ringing sound",
"id": "sound"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ringing sound”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ringing sound”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hring",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hring",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*hring m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hring",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Anglo-Frisian Germanic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 2 2 2 6 7 10 3 2 2 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ringing sound"
],
"id": "en-hring-gmw-pro-noun-gmw_pro:sound",
"links": [
[
"ringing",
"ringing"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
]
],
"qualifier": "Anglo-Frisian Germanic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Anglo-Frisian Germanic) ringing sound"
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:sound"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hring"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hringijan"
},
{
"word": "hringōn"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hring"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hring, hrincg, hrinċġ, ring, ᚱᛁᚾᚷ (rinġ) — Wheatley Hill Finger Ring\nMiddle English: ryng, rynge, ring\nEnglish: ring\nScots: ring\nYola: ring\n→ Medieval Latin: ringa, renga (Anglo-Latin)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hring, hrincg, hrinċġ, ring, ᚱᛁᚾᚷ (rinġ) — Wheatley Hill Finger Ring\nMiddle English: ryng, rynge, ring\nEnglish: ring\nScots: ring\nYola: ring\n→ Medieval Latin: ringa, renga (Anglo-Latin)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hring"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: hring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: hring"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "Ring",
"3": "Rink"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: Ring, Rink",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: Ring, Rink"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Ring"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Ring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Ring"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ring"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: ring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: ring"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hring"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: hring\nMiddle Low German: rinc, rink, ring\nGerman Low German: Ring\nLow German: rink\nPlautdietsch: Rinkj",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: hring\nMiddle Low German: rinc, rink, ring\nGerman Low German: Ring\nLow German: rink\nPlautdietsch: Rinkj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "rinc"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: rinc\nMiddle Dutch: rinc\nDutch: ring\nAfrikaans: ring\nNegerhollands: rink, riṅ\n→? Aukan: linga\n→ Indonesian: ring\n→ Papiamentu: renchi, ringtsje (from the diminutive)\nLimburgish: rink",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: rinc\nMiddle Dutch: rinc\nDutch: ring\nAfrikaans: ring\nNegerhollands: rink, riṅ\n→? Aukan: linga\n→ Indonesian: ring\n→ Papiamentu: renchi, ringtsje (from the diminutive)\nLimburgish: rink"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ring"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: ring, hring\nMiddle High German: rinc, ring\nGerman: Ring\nLuxembourgish: Rank\nYiddish: רינג (ring)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: ring, hring\nMiddle High German: rinc, ring\nGerman: Ring\nLuxembourgish: Rank\nYiddish: רינג (ring)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "reng",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: reng, renc, renk, renge, renke, rang, ranc",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: reng, renc, renk, renge, renke, rang, ranc (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "renge",
"3": "range",
"bor": "1",
"t2": "sword-belt"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: renge, range (“sword-belt”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: renge, range (“sword-belt”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "renge"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: renge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: renge"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "renge",
"3": "raunge",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: renge, raunge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: renge, raunge"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hringaz",
"4": "",
"5": "ring, circle",
"id": "circle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hring",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hring",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*hring m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hring",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Handwear",
"gmw-pro:Jewelry",
"gmw-pro:Shapes"
],
"glosses": [
"ring, circle"
],
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"circle",
"circle"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:circle"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hring"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hring"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hring"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "*ring"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: *ring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: *ring"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ring"
},
"expansion": "English: ring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ring"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hringaz",
"4": "",
"5": "ringing sound",
"id": "sound"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ringing sound”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ringing sound”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hring",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hring",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hringu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*hring m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hring",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Anglo-Frisian Germanic",
"gmw-pro:Sounds"
],
"glosses": [
"ringing sound"
],
"links": [
[
"ringing",
"ringing"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
]
],
"qualifier": "Anglo-Frisian Germanic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Anglo-Frisian Germanic) ringing sound"
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:sound"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hring"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hring meaning in Proto-West Germanic (8.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.