See hlaupan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for hlaupan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (8.8kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hlēapan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hlēapan\nMiddle English: lepen, leapen, leopen, leppen, luppen\nEnglish: leap\nScots: lepe, leip, leap\nYola: laupe",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hlēapan\nMiddle English: lepen, leapen, leopen, leppen, luppen\nEnglish: leap\nScots: lepe, leip, leap\nYola: laupe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hlāpa"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: hlāpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: hlāpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "loope"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: loope",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: loope"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ljeppe"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: ljeppe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: ljeppe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hlōpan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: hlōpan\nMiddle Low German: lôpen\nLow German: lopen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: hlōpan\nMiddle Low German: lôpen\nLow German: lopen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "lōpan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: lōpan\nMiddle Dutch: lôpen\nDutch: lopen\nAfrikaans: loop\nNegerhollands: loop, loo, lo, lu\nSkepi Creole Dutch: lop, louphe, luffi, loup\nLimburgish: loupe\n→ Central Franconian: loope",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: lōpan\nMiddle Dutch: lôpen\nDutch: lopen\nAfrikaans: loop\nNegerhollands: loop, loo, lo, lu\nSkepi Creole Dutch: lop, louphe, luffi, loup\nLimburgish: loupe\n→ Central Franconian: loope"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hloufan",
"3": "loufan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: hloufan, loufan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: hloufan, loufan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "loufen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: loufen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: loufen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "laufe",
"3": "loufe",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: laufe, lauffe, loufe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: laufe, lauffe, loufe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swg",
"2": "laufe"
},
"expansion": "Swabian: laufe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swabian: laufe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Vorarlbergisch: loufa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "laffa"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: laffa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: laffa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "loavan",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: loavan, lóofan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: loavan, lóofan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhn",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Mòcheno:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mòcheno:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "loofe",
"3": "laafe"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: loofe, laafe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: loofe, laafe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "laafe"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: laafe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: laafe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ksh",
"2": "laufe"
},
"expansion": "Kölsch: laufe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kölsch: laufe, loufe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "lafen"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: lafen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: lafen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-ecg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "East Central German:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "East Central German:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Erzgebirgisch: laafn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sxu",
"2": "loofen"
},
"expansion": "Upper Saxon German: loofen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Saxon German: loofen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "łaojfa"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian: łaojfa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vilamovian: łaojfa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vmf",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "East Franconian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "East Franconian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "laufen"
},
"expansion": "German: laufen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: laufen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-rfr",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Rhine Franconian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rhine Franconian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "laafe"
},
"expansion": "Pennsylvania German: laafe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pennsylvania German: laafe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "לויפֿן"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: לויפֿן (loyfn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: לויפֿן (loyfn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "gualoper",
"3": "galoper",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒ Old French: gualoper, galoper",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒ Old French: gualoper, galoper (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlaupaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōp",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōp",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaup",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*hlaupan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hlaupan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to jump forward, to leap"
],
"id": "en-hlaupan-gmw-pro-verb-I-yl9emZ",
"links": [
[
"jump",
"jump"
],
[
"forward",
"forward"
],
[
"leap",
"leap"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hlaupan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hlēapan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hlēapan\nMiddle English: lepen, leapen, leopen, leppen, luppen\nEnglish: leap\nScots: lepe, leip, leap\nYola: laupe",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hlēapan\nMiddle English: lepen, leapen, leopen, leppen, luppen\nEnglish: leap\nScots: lepe, leip, leap\nYola: laupe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hlāpa"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: hlāpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: hlāpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "loope"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: loope",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: loope"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ljeppe"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: ljeppe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: ljeppe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hlōpan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: hlōpan\nMiddle Low German: lôpen\nLow German: lopen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: hlōpan\nMiddle Low German: lôpen\nLow German: lopen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "lōpan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: lōpan\nMiddle Dutch: lôpen\nDutch: lopen\nAfrikaans: loop\nNegerhollands: loop, loo, lo, lu\nSkepi Creole Dutch: lop, louphe, luffi, loup\nLimburgish: loupe\n→ Central Franconian: loope",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: lōpan\nMiddle Dutch: lôpen\nDutch: lopen\nAfrikaans: loop\nNegerhollands: loop, loo, lo, lu\nSkepi Creole Dutch: lop, louphe, luffi, loup\nLimburgish: loupe\n→ Central Franconian: loope"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hloufan",
"3": "loufan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: hloufan, loufan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: hloufan, loufan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "loufen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: loufen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: loufen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "laufe",
"3": "loufe",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: laufe, lauffe, loufe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: laufe, lauffe, loufe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swg",
"2": "laufe"
},
"expansion": "Swabian: laufe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swabian: laufe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Vorarlbergisch: loufa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "laffa"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: laffa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: laffa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "loavan",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: loavan, lóofan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: loavan, lóofan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhn",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Mòcheno:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mòcheno:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "loofe",
"3": "laafe"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: loofe, laafe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: loofe, laafe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "laafe"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: laafe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: laafe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ksh",
"2": "laufe"
},
"expansion": "Kölsch: laufe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kölsch: laufe, loufe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "lafen"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: lafen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: lafen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-ecg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "East Central German:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "East Central German:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Erzgebirgisch: laafn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sxu",
"2": "loofen"
},
"expansion": "Upper Saxon German: loofen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Saxon German: loofen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "łaojfa"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian: łaojfa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vilamovian: łaojfa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vmf",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "East Franconian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "East Franconian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "laufen"
},
"expansion": "German: laufen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: laufen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-rfr",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Rhine Franconian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rhine Franconian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "laafe"
},
"expansion": "Pennsylvania German: laafe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pennsylvania German: laafe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "לויפֿן"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: לויפֿן (loyfn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: לויפֿן (loyfn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "gualoper",
"3": "galoper",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒ Old French: gualoper, galoper",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒ Old French: gualoper, galoper (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlaupaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōp",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōp",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hleōpīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaup",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hlaupan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*hlaupan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hlaupan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic class 7b strong verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to jump forward, to leap"
],
"links": [
[
"jump",
"jump"
],
[
"forward",
"forward"
],
[
"leap",
"leap"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hlaupan"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.