See graban in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for graban meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grafan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: grafan\nMiddle English: graven, grafe, grave, gravyn\nEnglish: grave (obsolete)\n⇒ English: engrave\nScots: grave",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: grafan\nMiddle English: graven, grafe, grave, gravyn\nEnglish: grave (obsolete)\n⇒ English: engrave\nScots: grave"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "greva"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: greva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: greva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "greeuwe"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: greeuwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: greeuwe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gravan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: gravan\nMiddle Low German: graven, grāven\nGerman Low German: graven\n→ West Frisian: grave",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: gravan\nMiddle Low German: graven, grāven\nGerman Low German: graven\n→ West Frisian: grave"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gravan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: gravan\nMiddle Dutch: grāven\nDutch: graven\nAfrikaans: graaf\nJersey Dutch: xrâve\nNegerhollands: graav, graev\nLimburgish: grave",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: gravan\nMiddle Dutch: grāven\nDutch: graven\nAfrikaans: graaf\nJersey Dutch: xrâve\nNegerhollands: graav, graev\nLimburgish: grave"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "graban"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: graban",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: graban"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "graben"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: graben",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: graben"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "graben"
},
"expansion": "German: graben",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: graben"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "gruewen"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: gruewen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: gruewen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "גראָבן"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: גראָבן (grobn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: גראָבן (grobn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*grabō",
"bor": "1",
"t": "to engrave"
},
"expansion": "→ Vulgar Latin: *grabō (“to engrave”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vulgar Latin: *grabō (“to engrave”) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *grabaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "graban",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grabannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grabannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grabannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "grabu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grōb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "graband",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grab",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grabandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "graban",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*graban",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/graban",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to dig"
],
"id": "en-graban-gmw-pro-verb-Dmbqc2e4",
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to engrave"
],
"id": "en-graban-gmw-pro-verb-I4iLYiO3",
"links": [
[
"engrave",
"engrave"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "graban"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic class 6 strong verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grafan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: grafan\nMiddle English: graven, grafe, grave, gravyn\nEnglish: grave (obsolete)\n⇒ English: engrave\nScots: grave",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: grafan\nMiddle English: graven, grafe, grave, gravyn\nEnglish: grave (obsolete)\n⇒ English: engrave\nScots: grave"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "greva"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: greva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: greva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "greeuwe"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: greeuwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: greeuwe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gravan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: gravan\nMiddle Low German: graven, grāven\nGerman Low German: graven\n→ West Frisian: grave",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: gravan\nMiddle Low German: graven, grāven\nGerman Low German: graven\n→ West Frisian: grave"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gravan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: gravan\nMiddle Dutch: grāven\nDutch: graven\nAfrikaans: graaf\nJersey Dutch: xrâve\nNegerhollands: graav, graev\nLimburgish: grave",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: gravan\nMiddle Dutch: grāven\nDutch: graven\nAfrikaans: graaf\nJersey Dutch: xrâve\nNegerhollands: graav, graev\nLimburgish: grave"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "graban"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: graban",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: graban"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "graben"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: graben",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: graben"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "graben"
},
"expansion": "German: graben",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: graben"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "gruewen"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: gruewen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: gruewen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "גראָבן"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: גראָבן (grobn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: גראָבן (grobn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*grabō",
"bor": "1",
"t": "to engrave"
},
"expansion": "→ Vulgar Latin: *grabō (“to engrave”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vulgar Latin: *grabō (“to engrave”) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *grabaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "graban",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grabannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grabannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grabannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "grabu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grōb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "graband",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōbīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grab",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grabandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "graban",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*graban",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/graban",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to dig"
],
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Crafts"
],
"glosses": [
"to engrave"
],
"links": [
[
"engrave",
"engrave"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "graban"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (6c02f21 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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