See fugl in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fugol"
},
"expansion": "Old English: fugol, fugel, fugul, *flugol — attested as fluglas (pl)\nMiddle English: fowel, fowele, foul, foghel, fuȝel, foȝel, foughel, fouel, fowl\nEnglish: fowl\nScots: foul, fule\nYola: fowlès (plural)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: fugol, fugel, fugul, *flugol — attested as fluglas (pl)\nMiddle English: fowel, fowele, foul, foghel, fuȝel, foȝel, foughel, fouel, fowl\nEnglish: fowl\nScots: foul, fule\nYola: fowlès (plural)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "fugel"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: fugel\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: fögel\nHallig: fugel\nGoesharde and Mooring: föögel\nSaterland Frisian: Fúgel, Fuugel\nWest Frisian: fûgel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: fugel\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: fögel\nHallig: fugel\nGoesharde and Mooring: föögel\nSaterland Frisian: Fúgel, Fuugel\nWest Frisian: fûgel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "fugal"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: fugal\nMiddle Low German: vōgel\nGerman Low German: Vogel, Vögel\nLow German: Vagel, Vögel\nPlautdietsch: Voagel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: fugal\nMiddle Low German: vōgel\nGerman Low German: Vogel, Vögel\nLow German: Vagel, Vögel\nPlautdietsch: Voagel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "fogal"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: fogal, vogal\nMiddle Dutch: vōgel\nDutch: vogel, veugel (obsolete), fogel\nAfrikaans: voël\n→ English: voël\nJersey Dutch: fœüxel\nNegerhollands: vogel\nSkepi Creole Dutch: fogul\n→? Sranan Tongo: fowru, vol, vool\n→ Saramaccan: fóu\nLimburgish: vogel, voeagel\nWest Flemish: veugel\nZealandic: veugel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: fogal, vogal\nMiddle Dutch: vōgel\nDutch: vogel, veugel (obsolete), fogel\nAfrikaans: voël\n→ English: voël\nJersey Dutch: fœüxel\nNegerhollands: vogel\nSkepi Creole Dutch: fogul\n→? Sranan Tongo: fowru, vol, vool\n→ Saramaccan: fóu\nLimburgish: vogel, voeagel\nWest Flemish: veugel\nZealandic: veugel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "fogal"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: fogal, fugal\nMiddle High German: vogel\nAlemannic German: Fogel, Vogel\nCentral Franconian: Vuggel, Vugel (Colognian Academy spelling), Vuul (scattered variant in Moselle Franconian)\nHunsrik: Foghel\nKölsch: Furrel\nCimbrian: vóoghel, bóoghel, vogl\nGerman: Vogel\nLuxembourgish: Vugel, Vull\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Voggel\nVilamovian: föguł\nYiddish: פֿויגל (foygl)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: fogal, fugal\nMiddle High German: vogel\nAlemannic German: Fogel, Vogel\nCentral Franconian: Vuggel, Vugel (Colognian Academy spelling), Vuul (scattered variant in Moselle Franconian)\nHunsrik: Foghel\nKölsch: Furrel\nCimbrian: vóoghel, bóoghel, vogl\nGerman: Vogel\nLuxembourgish: Vugel, Vull\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Voggel\nVilamovian: föguł\nYiddish: פֿויגל (foygl)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fuglaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fuglaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *fuglaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "fugl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foglō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "foglōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fugl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foglā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "foglas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foglō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fuglē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuglum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fuglu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuglum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*fugl m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/fugl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fuglōn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bird"
],
"id": "en-fugl-gmw-pro-noun-elF57swP",
"links": [
[
"bird",
"bird"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "fugl"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "fuglōn"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fugol"
},
"expansion": "Old English: fugol, fugel, fugul, *flugol — attested as fluglas (pl)\nMiddle English: fowel, fowele, foul, foghel, fuȝel, foȝel, foughel, fouel, fowl\nEnglish: fowl\nScots: foul, fule\nYola: fowlès (plural)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: fugol, fugel, fugul, *flugol — attested as fluglas (pl)\nMiddle English: fowel, fowele, foul, foghel, fuȝel, foȝel, foughel, fouel, fowl\nEnglish: fowl\nScots: foul, fule\nYola: fowlès (plural)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "fugel"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: fugel\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: fögel\nHallig: fugel\nGoesharde and Mooring: föögel\nSaterland Frisian: Fúgel, Fuugel\nWest Frisian: fûgel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: fugel\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: fögel\nHallig: fugel\nGoesharde and Mooring: föögel\nSaterland Frisian: Fúgel, Fuugel\nWest Frisian: fûgel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "fugal"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: fugal\nMiddle Low German: vōgel\nGerman Low German: Vogel, Vögel\nLow German: Vagel, Vögel\nPlautdietsch: Voagel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: fugal\nMiddle Low German: vōgel\nGerman Low German: Vogel, Vögel\nLow German: Vagel, Vögel\nPlautdietsch: Voagel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "fogal"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: fogal, vogal\nMiddle Dutch: vōgel\nDutch: vogel, veugel (obsolete), fogel\nAfrikaans: voël\n→ English: voël\nJersey Dutch: fœüxel\nNegerhollands: vogel\nSkepi Creole Dutch: fogul\n→? Sranan Tongo: fowru, vol, vool\n→ Saramaccan: fóu\nLimburgish: vogel, voeagel\nWest Flemish: veugel\nZealandic: veugel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: fogal, vogal\nMiddle Dutch: vōgel\nDutch: vogel, veugel (obsolete), fogel\nAfrikaans: voël\n→ English: voël\nJersey Dutch: fœüxel\nNegerhollands: vogel\nSkepi Creole Dutch: fogul\n→? Sranan Tongo: fowru, vol, vool\n→ Saramaccan: fóu\nLimburgish: vogel, voeagel\nWest Flemish: veugel\nZealandic: veugel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "fogal"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: fogal, fugal\nMiddle High German: vogel\nAlemannic German: Fogel, Vogel\nCentral Franconian: Vuggel, Vugel (Colognian Academy spelling), Vuul (scattered variant in Moselle Franconian)\nHunsrik: Foghel\nKölsch: Furrel\nCimbrian: vóoghel, bóoghel, vogl\nGerman: Vogel\nLuxembourgish: Vugel, Vull\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Voggel\nVilamovian: föguł\nYiddish: פֿויגל (foygl)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: fogal, fugal\nMiddle High German: vogel\nAlemannic German: Fogel, Vogel\nCentral Franconian: Vuggel, Vugel (Colognian Academy spelling), Vuul (scattered variant in Moselle Franconian)\nHunsrik: Foghel\nKölsch: Furrel\nCimbrian: vóoghel, bóoghel, vogl\nGerman: Vogel\nLuxembourgish: Vugel, Vull\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Voggel\nVilamovian: föguł\nYiddish: פֿויגל (foygl)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fuglaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fuglaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *fuglaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "fugl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foglō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "foglōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fugl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foglā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "foglas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foglō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fuglē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuglum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fuglu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuglum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*fugl m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/fugl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"gmw-pro:Birds"
],
"glosses": [
"bird"
],
"links": [
[
"bird",
"bird"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "fugl"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fugl meaning in Proto-West Germanic (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.