See friund in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "frēond"
},
"expansion": "Old English: frēond, frīond — Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish\nMiddle English: frend, frende, freond, friend, vrend, freend, frond, frund, freind, freynde, vryend, frind\nEnglish: friend (see there for further descendants)\nScots: freend, frende, freynd, freind\nYola: vriene, friend\n→ Welsh: ffrind",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: frēond, frīond — Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish\nMiddle English: frend, frende, freond, friend, vrend, freend, frond, frund, freind, freynde, vryend, frind\nEnglish: friend (see there for further descendants)\nScots: freend, frende, freynd, freind\nYola: vriene, friend\n→ Welsh: ffrind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "friūnd"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: friūnd, friōnd\nSaterland Frisian: Früünd, Fjund\nWest Frisian: freon",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: friūnd, friōnd\nSaterland Frisian: Früünd, Fjund\nWest Frisian: freon"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "friund"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: friund\nMiddle Low German: vrint, vrünt, vrent\nGerman Low German: Fründ, Frund, Frönd\nPlautdietsch: Frint\n→ Old Swedish: frynt, frynd\nSwedish: frynt (obsolete)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: friund\nMiddle Low German: vrint, vrünt, vrent\nGerman Low German: Fründ, Frund, Frönd\nPlautdietsch: Frint\n→ Old Swedish: frynt, frynd\nSwedish: frynt (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "friunt"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: friunt, friund\nMiddle Dutch: vrient\nDutch: vriend, vrind\nAfrikaans: vriend\nBerbice Creole Dutch: frindi\nJavindo: friend\nJersey Dutch: vrînt\nNegerhollands: vriend, vrient\nPetjo: pring (archaic)\nLimburgish: vröndj",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: friunt, friund\nMiddle Dutch: vrient\nDutch: vriend, vrind\nAfrikaans: vriend\nBerbice Creole Dutch: frindi\nJavindo: friend\nJersey Dutch: vrînt\nNegerhollands: vriend, vrient\nPetjo: pring (archaic)\nLimburgish: vröndj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "friunt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: friunt\nMiddle High German: vriunt\nAlemannic German: Fründ\nBavarian: Freind\nCimbrian: vròint, bròint (Mezzaselva)\nCentral Franconian: Frönd, Frend, Frind (Moselle Franconian), Frönk (Ripuarian, now chiefly western dialects), Fründ (Kölsch)\nHunsrik: Freind\nLuxembourgish: Frënd\nGerman: Freund\nVilamovian: frajnd\nVolhynian German: Freind\nYiddish: פֿרײַנד (fraynd)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: friunt\nMiddle High German: vriunt\nAlemannic German: Fründ\nBavarian: Freind\nCimbrian: vròint, bròint (Mezzaselva)\nCentral Franconian: Frönd, Frend, Frind (Moselle Franconian), Frönk (Ripuarian, now chiefly western dialects), Fründ (Kölsch)\nHunsrik: Freind\nLuxembourgish: Frënd\nGerman: Freund\nVilamovian: frajnd\nVolhynian German: Freind\nYiddish: פֿרײַנד (fraynd)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "gem-pro>*frijōndz>friend",
"id": "friend",
"text": "-"
},
"expansion": "From Proto-Germanic *frijōndz.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *frijōndz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-cons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "friund",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "friundi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "friundu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "friundi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "friundi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "friundō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "friundi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "friundum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "friundi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "friundum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*friund m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-cons"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/friund",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology texts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "friundskapi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"friend"
],
"id": "en-friund-gmw-pro-noun-zeSFN8os",
"links": [
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*wini"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "friund"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "friundskapi"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "frēond"
},
"expansion": "Old English: frēond, frīond — Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish\nMiddle English: frend, frende, freond, friend, vrend, freend, frond, frund, freind, freynde, vryend, frind\nEnglish: friend (see there for further descendants)\nScots: freend, frende, freynd, freind\nYola: vriene, friend\n→ Welsh: ffrind",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: frēond, frīond — Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish\nMiddle English: frend, frende, freond, friend, vrend, freend, frond, frund, freind, freynde, vryend, frind\nEnglish: friend (see there for further descendants)\nScots: freend, frende, freynd, freind\nYola: vriene, friend\n→ Welsh: ffrind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "friūnd"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: friūnd, friōnd\nSaterland Frisian: Früünd, Fjund\nWest Frisian: freon",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: friūnd, friōnd\nSaterland Frisian: Früünd, Fjund\nWest Frisian: freon"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "friund"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: friund\nMiddle Low German: vrint, vrünt, vrent\nGerman Low German: Fründ, Frund, Frönd\nPlautdietsch: Frint\n→ Old Swedish: frynt, frynd\nSwedish: frynt (obsolete)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: friund\nMiddle Low German: vrint, vrünt, vrent\nGerman Low German: Fründ, Frund, Frönd\nPlautdietsch: Frint\n→ Old Swedish: frynt, frynd\nSwedish: frynt (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "friunt"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: friunt, friund\nMiddle Dutch: vrient\nDutch: vriend, vrind\nAfrikaans: vriend\nBerbice Creole Dutch: frindi\nJavindo: friend\nJersey Dutch: vrînt\nNegerhollands: vriend, vrient\nPetjo: pring (archaic)\nLimburgish: vröndj",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: friunt, friund\nMiddle Dutch: vrient\nDutch: vriend, vrind\nAfrikaans: vriend\nBerbice Creole Dutch: frindi\nJavindo: friend\nJersey Dutch: vrînt\nNegerhollands: vriend, vrient\nPetjo: pring (archaic)\nLimburgish: vröndj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "friunt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: friunt\nMiddle High German: vriunt\nAlemannic German: Fründ\nBavarian: Freind\nCimbrian: vròint, bròint (Mezzaselva)\nCentral Franconian: Frönd, Frend, Frind (Moselle Franconian), Frönk (Ripuarian, now chiefly western dialects), Fründ (Kölsch)\nHunsrik: Freind\nLuxembourgish: Frënd\nGerman: Freund\nVilamovian: frajnd\nVolhynian German: Freind\nYiddish: פֿרײַנד (fraynd)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: friunt\nMiddle High German: vriunt\nAlemannic German: Fründ\nBavarian: Freind\nCimbrian: vròint, bròint (Mezzaselva)\nCentral Franconian: Frönd, Frend, Frind (Moselle Franconian), Frönk (Ripuarian, now chiefly western dialects), Fründ (Kölsch)\nHunsrik: Freind\nLuxembourgish: Frënd\nGerman: Freund\nVilamovian: frajnd\nVolhynian German: Freind\nYiddish: פֿרײַנד (fraynd)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "gem-pro>*frijōndz>friend",
"id": "friend",
"text": "-"
},
"expansion": "From Proto-Germanic *frijōndz.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *frijōndz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-cons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "friund",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "friundi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "friundu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "friundi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "friundi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "friundō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "friundi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "friundum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "friundi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "friundum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*friund m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-cons"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/friund",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic consonant stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with etymology texts",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preyH-",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"gmw-pro:Friendship",
"gmw-pro:People"
],
"glosses": [
"friend"
],
"links": [
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*wini"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "friund"
}
Download raw JSONL data for friund meaning in Proto-West Germanic (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.