"bihaldan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See bihaldan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From *bi- + *haldan. Etymology templates: {{af|gmw-pro|*bi-|*haldan}} *bi- + *haldan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *bihaldan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-st}} Forms: strong [table-tags], bihaldan [infinitive], bihaldannjas [genitive, infinitive], bihaldannjē [dative, infinitive], bihaldannju [infinitive, instrumental], bihaldu [first-person, present, singular], biheald [first-person, past, singular], bihaldiʀi [present, second-person, singular], bihealdī [past, second-person, singular], bihaldidi [present, singular, third-person], biheald [past, singular, third-person], bihaldum [first-person, plural, present], bihealdum [first-person, past, plural], bihaldid [plural, present, second-person], bihealdud [past, plural, second-person], bihaldand [plural, present, third-person], bihealdun [past, plural, third-person], bihaldē [first-person, present, singular], bihealdī [first-person, past, singular], bihaldēs [present, second-person, singular], bihaldē [present, singular, third-person], bihealdī [past, singular, third-person], bihaldēm [first-person, plural, present], bihealdīm [first-person, past, plural], bihaldēþ [plural, present, second-person], bihealdīd [past, plural, second-person], bihaldēn [plural, present, third-person], bihealdīn [past, plural, third-person], bihald [present, singular], bihaldid [plural, present], bihaldandī [participle, present], bihaldan [participle, past]
  1. to keep Tags: reconstruction

Download JSON data for bihaldan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.4kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "behealdan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: behealdan, behaldan\nMiddle English: beholden\nEnglish: behold, beholden",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: behealdan, behaldan\nMiddle English: beholden\nEnglish: behold, beholden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "bihalda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: bihalda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: bihalda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "behoolde"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: behoolde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: behoolde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "behâlde"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: behâlde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: behâlde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "bihaldan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: bihaldan\nMiddle Low German: beholden\nPlautdietsch: behoolen\nGerman Low German: beholen, behollen\nBentheimisch, Dortmunder, Sauerländisch, East Frisian Low Saxon, Westmünsterländisch: behollen\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: behaulen\n→ Norwegian: beholde\n→ Swedish: behålla\n→ Danish: beholde",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: bihaldan\nMiddle Low German: beholden\nPlautdietsch: behoolen\nGerman Low German: beholen, behollen\nBentheimisch, Dortmunder, Sauerländisch, East Frisian Low Saxon, Westmünsterländisch: behollen\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: behaulen\n→ Norwegian: beholde\n→ Swedish: behålla\n→ Danish: beholde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*bihaldan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *bihaldan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *bihaldan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "behouden"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: behouden\nDutch: behouden\nAfrikaans: behou, behoue\nNegerhollands: behou, hou\nLimburgish: behaaje",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: behouden\nDutch: behouden\nAfrikaans: behou, behoue\nNegerhollands: behou, hou\nLimburgish: behaaje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "bihaltan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: bihaltan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: bihaltan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "behalten"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: behalten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: behalten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "behalten"
          },
          "expansion": "German: behalten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: behalten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lb",
            "2": "behalen"
          },
          "expansion": "Luxembourgish: behalen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Luxembourgish: behalen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*bi-",
        "3": "*haldan"
      },
      "expansion": "*bi- + *haldan",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *bi- + *haldan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "biheald",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldiʀi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "biheald",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldand",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihald",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*bihaldan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bihaldan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms prefixed with *bi-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to keep"
      ],
      "id": "en-bihaldan-gmw-pro-verb-MqW39iCV",
      "links": [
        [
          "keep",
          "keep"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bihaldan"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "behealdan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: behealdan, behaldan\nMiddle English: beholden\nEnglish: behold, beholden",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: behealdan, behaldan\nMiddle English: beholden\nEnglish: behold, beholden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "bihalda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: bihalda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: bihalda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "behoolde"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: behoolde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: behoolde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "behâlde"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: behâlde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: behâlde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "bihaldan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: bihaldan\nMiddle Low German: beholden\nPlautdietsch: behoolen\nGerman Low German: beholen, behollen\nBentheimisch, Dortmunder, Sauerländisch, East Frisian Low Saxon, Westmünsterländisch: behollen\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: behaulen\n→ Norwegian: beholde\n→ Swedish: behålla\n→ Danish: beholde",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: bihaldan\nMiddle Low German: beholden\nPlautdietsch: behoolen\nGerman Low German: beholen, behollen\nBentheimisch, Dortmunder, Sauerländisch, East Frisian Low Saxon, Westmünsterländisch: behollen\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: behaulen\n→ Norwegian: beholde\n→ Swedish: behålla\n→ Danish: beholde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*bihaldan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *bihaldan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *bihaldan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "behouden"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: behouden\nDutch: behouden\nAfrikaans: behou, behoue\nNegerhollands: behou, hou\nLimburgish: behaaje",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: behouden\nDutch: behouden\nAfrikaans: behou, behoue\nNegerhollands: behou, hou\nLimburgish: behaaje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "bihaltan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: bihaltan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: bihaltan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "behalten"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: behalten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: behalten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "behalten"
          },
          "expansion": "German: behalten",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: behalten"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lb",
            "2": "behalen"
          },
          "expansion": "Luxembourgish: behalen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Luxembourgish: behalen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*bi-",
        "3": "*haldan"
      },
      "expansion": "*bi- + *haldan",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *bi- + *haldan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "biheald",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldiʀi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "biheald",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldand",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihealdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihald",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bihaldan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*bihaldan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bihaldan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic class 7c strong verbs",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms prefixed with *bi-",
        "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to keep"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "keep",
          "keep"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bihaldan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (384852d and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.