See bibēn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bibēn meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bifian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: bifian, biofian, beofian\nMiddle English: bivien, beovien, buvien; befien, byfien, beovien\nEnglish: bive\n⇒ Middle English: biveren, bevere, beveren\nEnglish: bever, bibber (Irish)\nScots: bever, baiver, baver, bevver\nYola: bebber",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: bifian, biofian, beofian\nMiddle English: bivien, beovien, buvien; befien, byfien, beovien\nEnglish: bive\n⇒ Middle English: biveren, bevere, beveren\nEnglish: bever, bibber (Irish)\nScots: bever, baiver, baver, bevver\nYola: bebber"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bivia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: bivia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: bivia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "bevern"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: bevern",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: bevern"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "bieuwje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: bieuwje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: bieuwje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "beevje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: beevje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: beevje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "bivon"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: bivon\nMiddle Low German: bēven\nGerman Low German: beven\n⇒ Middle Low German: *bibberen\nGerman Low German: bibbern\n→ German: bibbern",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: bivon\nMiddle Low German: bēven\nGerman Low German: beven\n⇒ Middle Low German: *bibberen\nGerman Low German: bibbern\n→ German: bibbern"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*bivon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *bivon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *bivon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bēven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: bēven\nDutch: beven\nAfrikaans: bewe\nBerbice Creole Dutch: befu\nNegerhollands: beev, beeven\n→ Aukan: beifi\n→ Sranan Tongo: beifi",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: bēven\nDutch: beven\nAfrikaans: bewe\nBerbice Creole Dutch: befu\nNegerhollands: beev, beeven\n→ Aukan: beifi\n→ Sranan Tongo: beifi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "bibēn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: bibēn\nMiddle High German: biben\nCimbrian: böoban\nGerman: beben (influenced by Middle Low German beven)\nLuxembourgish: biewen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: bibēn\nMiddle High German: biben\nCimbrian: böoban\nGerman: beben (influenced by Middle Low German beven)\nLuxembourgish: biewen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bibāną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bibāną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *bibāną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bibē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bibē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bibē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?d",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*bibēn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bibēn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to tremble"
],
"id": "en-bibēn-gmw-pro-verb-BFI~l1~~",
"links": [
[
"tremble",
"tremble"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bibēn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bifian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: bifian, biofian, beofian\nMiddle English: bivien, beovien, buvien; befien, byfien, beovien\nEnglish: bive\n⇒ Middle English: biveren, bevere, beveren\nEnglish: bever, bibber (Irish)\nScots: bever, baiver, baver, bevver\nYola: bebber",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: bifian, biofian, beofian\nMiddle English: bivien, beovien, buvien; befien, byfien, beovien\nEnglish: bive\n⇒ Middle English: biveren, bevere, beveren\nEnglish: bever, bibber (Irish)\nScots: bever, baiver, baver, bevver\nYola: bebber"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bivia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: bivia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: bivia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "bevern"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: bevern",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: bevern"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "bieuwje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: bieuwje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: bieuwje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "beevje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: beevje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: beevje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "bivon"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: bivon\nMiddle Low German: bēven\nGerman Low German: beven\n⇒ Middle Low German: *bibberen\nGerman Low German: bibbern\n→ German: bibbern",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: bivon\nMiddle Low German: bēven\nGerman Low German: beven\n⇒ Middle Low German: *bibberen\nGerman Low German: bibbern\n→ German: bibbern"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*bivon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *bivon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *bivon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bēven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: bēven\nDutch: beven\nAfrikaans: bewe\nBerbice Creole Dutch: befu\nNegerhollands: beev, beeven\n→ Aukan: beifi\n→ Sranan Tongo: beifi",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: bēven\nDutch: beven\nAfrikaans: bewe\nBerbice Creole Dutch: befu\nNegerhollands: beev, beeven\n→ Aukan: beifi\n→ Sranan Tongo: beifi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "bibēn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: bibēn\nMiddle High German: biben\nCimbrian: böoban\nGerman: beben (influenced by Middle Low German beven)\nLuxembourgish: biewen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: bibēn\nMiddle High German: biben\nCimbrian: böoban\nGerman: beben (influenced by Middle Low German beven)\nLuxembourgish: biewen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bibāną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bibāną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *bibāną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bibē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bibē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?dīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bibē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bibēndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bib?d",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*bibēn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bibēn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic class 3 weak verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs",
"Undetermined terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"to tremble"
],
"links": [
[
"tremble",
"tremble"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bibēn"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (6c02f21 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.